- Rinfela Zadeng
Lal Isua chanchin zirna thar leh a pahnihna (1954-1980s)
Historical Isua chanchin zir vawi hnihna bul tanna sawi tur chuan thil thenkhat sawi tur a awm a. The Quest for the Historical Jesus-ah chuan Schweitzer-a chuan historical Jesus buaipuitute hian anmahni ngaih dan awmsa bak sawi tur an neih loh avangin Isua chanchin ai mahin a chhuitu mi thiamte chanchin zawk hi an buaipui ber niin a ngai a. M. Kahler, Greman Pathian thu thiam chuan Lal Isua chanchin chhuina (Jesus research) chu a rinhlelhzia tilangin, historical Jesus hi kan rin Lal Isua Krista nena lakhran chi a ni lo a, Thuthlung Thar bute pawhin rinna Krista hi an sawi tam leh kawh tam zawk a ni tiin a sawi a. Kum zabi sawmhnihna hun laia Pathian thu thiam hming thang, a bik takin Thuthlung Thar lama mi thiam Rudolf Bultmann chuan Thuthlung Thar chu a ziaktuten Lal Isuaa Pathian an hmuhna thu mihring zawn atanga an ziah mai niin a ngai a. A ngaih danah chuan Chanchin Tha bute hi tun lai mila pawm leh inzawm a nih theihna tura hrilh fiah a, Thuthlung Thar hi a makna, a danglamna, Lal Isua Pathianna hi sawi bo (demythologize) a ngai ni tiin a rawt a. Synoptic Gospel (Matthaia, Marka, Luka) in Lal Isua chungchang an sawite thliar hranna atan leh Lal Isua chanchin hi a dik ngei em tih zirna atan form criticism (tehkhin thu te, fakna hla te, a thuziah dan, a thu chheh dan kal hmang atangtea Bible zirna) a hmang a. Tin, Lal Isua chungchanga a chanchin an inhlanchhawn tam zawk hi chu Kristian hmasate ngaihtuahna hman thiamnain a hrin chhuahah a ngai a ni. Lal Isua thawh lehna chu thinlunga a nun chuan a tawk tiin a tak tak (history) a Lal Isua thawh lehna erawh a ring lem lo.
Hetianga Rudolf Bultmann ngaih dan leh zirna (thesis) avang hian Ernst Käsemann, Greman Pathian thu thiam, Thuthlung Thar lama mi thiam tak, Bultmann-a zirlai naupang chuan Bultmann-a thesis chu a hnial ta a. Chuta tang chuan Lal Isua mihring chanchin chhuina tum hnihna (The New/Second Quest of the Historical Jesus) hi kum 1953 atangin a lo intan ta a ni. Ernst Käsemann-a thuziah, The problem of historical Jesus tih, kum 1953 a tihchhuah a nih atangin Lal Isua chanchin chhuina hi a lo intan thar leh ta a ni. Chumi atana a hnarkaitu pawimawh tak takte chu – Käsemann, Bornkamm, (German Pathian thu thiam – Thuthlung Thar lam) Fuchs (German Jesuit Puithiam), Ebeling (Greman Lutheran Theologian), Braun (West Prussia rama piang, Pathian thu thiam) te an ni.
Lal Isua chanchin an zirna hmasa zawk (old quest) khan Kohhran hmasaten Lal Isua chanchin an sawi dan a hnawl laiin Lal Isua chanchin chhuina thar zawk hi chuan Kerygmatic Christ (Chanchin Tha bu-a ziak, Kristian hmasate puan chhuah – Isua chu Krista a nih thu leh a nun, thihna leh thawhlehnaah mihringte tâna Pathian tlanna leh a thil tumte chu a thleng famkim tih a rinna) atanga bul tanin, Lal Isua an chawimawina leh an chawisanna te, Krawsa a thihna leh thawhlehna te chu ngaihvenin Lal Isua thawhlehna (Easter) hma zawnga Lal Isua chanchin chuan thlawptu, rinchhan a nei em tiin an zir ta a ni. A hmasa zawk nena an chhui dan leh an zir dan nen a danglam ta hle a; a tam zawk chu theological (Pathian thu zirna) lam hawi a ni a, Kristian theology (Kristian thurin) atana Isua chanchin humhalh tumna a ni. Hetiang ngaih dan an neih atang hian mi thiam dangte pawhin Chanchin Tha buten Isua hmelhmang an tar lan dan chu a history ang zawng pawhin a rin tlak a ni tih tanchhana neiin an zir ta a ni.
N. Perrin, American Biblical scholar chuan kan thupui sawi mek zirna hi a lo tuipui ve hle a. Heng ‘hun kal tawh atang thil thleng te hriatna’ leh ‘rinna atanga hriatna’ te hi thil inang lo a ni tiin a thliar hrang a. Tin, amah hi logia jesu (ziak emaw tawngka emawa Lal Isua thusawi, a dik ngei a ni tih lak khawm, Chanchin Tha bu ziah hun lai vela lak khawm ni tura ngaih) nasa taka enchik ngat ngat duhtu a ni a. He thlirna zawn atang hian logoin (Lal Isua thusawi ngei nia ngaih) te chu a tak ngei an nih leh nih loh teh theihna tur duan chhuah a tum bawk a, chungte chu: Isua thusawi chu a tak tak a ni thei em tih tehna te, (criterion of dissimilarity), Isua thusawi, tehfung dangte’n an thlawp chuan a dik tih tehna te, (criterion of coherence) leh Thuthlung Thara Isua thiltih emaw thusawi thenkhat emaw chu historical Jesus atanga lo chhuak a nih leh nih loh hriatna tura tehna (criterion of multiple attestation) te an ni. Heng tehna hmang hian Chanchin Tha bute’na Isua chungchang ziaka an lo chhinchhiah te chu thudik, hmanlai thil thleng ngei leh rin tlak an nihzia lantir a tum a ni. Heta tanga a thutlukna ni ta chu Isua mihrinna (historical Jesus) leh kan rin Lal Isua Krista (Christ of Faith) te hi mi thuhmun niin danglamna an nei lo tih hi a ni.
Lal Isua chanchin chhui a nihna chhan te
Indopui II-na a lo tawp khan Bultmann-a hnuaia zirlaite chuan, Isua chu mi pakhat, mihring awm satliah mai ni loin Kristianna nena inzawmna nghet tak nei a ni tih kha zawn chhuah an tum a; a nih loh chuan a hnu lam zelah awmze nei lo leh innghahna nei lo a nih dawn avangin. Indopui II-na zawh hnuah chuan Bultmann-a hnungzuitute chuan Isua, Indopui II-na hma lama a chanchin an lo hriat than tawhah khan lungawi mai loin, he Isua hi a awm ngei a ni tih kha zawn chhuaha, tlem te tal pawhin a chanchin hi kan la hriat belh thei ang tih kha an thupui a ni a. German mi thiam pahnih Ernst Käsemann leh Günther Bornkamm te chu he thil buaipuitu thar langsar ber an ni a; chutianga Isua chanchin zirna beihpui ang chiah chu North America-ah pawh James Robinson, American Pathian thu thiam chuan a lo kalpui ve bawk a.
Robinson chuan a tir lama Isua chanchin an lo zir dan chu positivism{Pathian thu (theology) leh metaphysics (thil a nih tak tak leh a chungchang kan hriat thiam dan sawi fiahna tura ngaih dan zau tak hmanga zir chianna) te hi thil hriatna tak taka tan a famkim tawk lo a, positivism hmanga hriatna erawh chuan thil siam leh a nihna leh a inkungkaihna dan chu finna leh science thiamna hmanga finfiah hi a ni tih zirtirna}lam awn lutuk tiin a sawisel a. Tichuan, historical Jesus atchilh burna lam thlauhthlaka tuna Isua kan tana a hlutna leh pawimawhna lam sawi uar chu a duh ta zawk a ni.