Bible hi ziahsual theih a ni em?

• Mahmuaka Chhakchhuak

Mizoin ‘Pathian Lehkhabu Thianghlim‘ kan tih Bible hi Latin tawng niin Greek tawng ‘bi-bli’a’ tih atanga lak a ni a, a awmzia chu ‘Lehkhabute‘ (Books) tihna a ni. Bible hi mi chi hrang hrang, Lalte, Zawlneite, Puithiamte, Roreltute, Isua Unaute, Isua Zirtirte, Mifingte, Chhiahkhawn tute leh Damdawi lam thiamte ziak a ni a, hmun hrang hranga an ziak a ni bawk a ni. Lehkhabu hmasa ber Genesis bu hi a ziak tu chu Mosia a ni a, BC 1657 – 1513 chhunga a vahvaih tantirhna hmun atanga a ziak a ni.(1) Exo. 34;27 thuah chuan ‘Heng thute hi ziak rawh khai; heng ang thute hian a nia i hnenah leh Israel hnena thu ka thlun ni‘ tih thu kan hmu a, heta tang pawh hian Pathianin Mosia chu ziak turin ati ngei a ni tih kan hre thei ang. Chutiang zel chuan Bible bu dangte pawh Pathian hriattirna an dawn hmanga an ziak a ni tih hi kan pawm ngam tur a ni.

Bible hi lehkhabu hrang hrang 66 infinkhawm a ni a, heng lehkhabu hrang hrangte hi a tirah a hlawma pawm leh remkhawm nghal mai a ni lo a, Kohhran hun hmasa lama Bible-a pawm tur chin leh pawm loh tur chin an thliar a, chuta pawm chauh chu a ni. Hetiang hian an thliar dan ilo en teh ang;

Thuthlung Hlui bute hi Judate hnen atanga Kristian te’n an rochun a ni a, Krista pawh khan a hmang a, Apostol-te pawhin Pathian thu-ah pawmin Pathian thawkkhumah an ngai a ni. BC 250- ah Greek tawngin an letling a, chu an lehlin chu Septuagint an vuah a, Septuagint-ah chuan Apocripha bu 14 lai an telh a, Hebrai ho erawh chuan Apocripha bu hi Bible-ah an chhiar tel ngai lo thung.

Thuthlung Thar bu hi kum zabi pakhatna tawp lamah ziak a ni a, Kohhran ho inkhawm naah an chhiar thin a, an ngaisang em em a ‘Thuziakte’ tiin an vuah a, Heng bakah hian lehkha ziak thenkhat Pathian biak inkhawm naa an chhiar thin a, an ngaihsan em em te a awm a, Entirnan; Clement-a lehkhathawn te, Herma ziak Berampu te tih bu te an ngaihsan bikte chu a ni.

Gnostic hi lehkha ziak, Apostol-te ziak anga an sawi lehkhabu dang an lo awm ta a, Hemi avang hian Kohhranin eng chin hi nge kan pawm ang tih siamfel alo ngai ta a, Gnostic mi pakhat Marcion-a chuan Pathian thua pawm tur chin a ziak chhuak a, Kohhran hrang hrangin anlo pawm tawhsa, Chanchin |ha leh lehkhathawnte chu a hnawl a, chutihlai chuan Kohhran tinin an pawm tur Pathian thua ngaih tur chin siamfel ala ni lo a. Hmun khata Khhranin a pawm a, hmun danga Kohhranin an hriat ve hauh loh lehkhabu te a awm a, Polycarp-a thih (AD 156) hnu lawkin Kohhran tinin Bible-a an pawm tur chi leh paih thlak tur chin lehkhabu chu an siamfel tan a. A hmasaber chu Muratorian Canon an ti mai thin a, Muratorian-a hian AD 1740-ah kum zabi hnihnaa Biblea an pawm chin an ziakna a hmuh chhuah avangin he hming hi an vuah a ni.

He lehkha pawimawh tak hi AD 170 vela ziak niin an hria a. Chumiah chuan Zirtir Petera Lehkhathawn I & II-te, Johana lehkhathawnte, Jakoba lehkhathawn leh Hebrai mite hnena lehkhathawn hi an tel lo a, bu dang, tuna Thuthlung Thar bua tel hi chu an chuang vek a. Chumi hnu chuan Origen-a’n Bible-a pawm tur chin a ziak leh a, chutah chuan Juda lehkhathawn leh Jakoba lehkhathawn chauh hi an tel lo thung a. Chumi hnu chuan kaisari Bishop Eusebius-a chuan Biblea pawm tur chin a tarlang leh a, chutah chuan lehkhabu thenkhat Kohhranin an la pawm rih lohte chu a hranin a tarlang bawk a.

Athanasia chuan 340 AD-ah Kohhran tinin an pawm turin Bible-a pawm tur chin a buatsaih leh ta a, chu a buatsaih chu tuna Thuthlung Hlui bu leh Thuthlung Thara mi kan neih ang chiah hi a ni. Carthage khuaa Inkhawmpui vawi thumna 397 AD-ah an pawm ta a ni. Chutiang chuan tuna kan Bible-a mi zawng zawng pawm tur hi an tifel ta a ni.(2) Lehkhabu pakhat ‘Kristian Thurin Chhuina’ tih Rev. R. Lalrinsanga ziakah chuan “90 AD-ah khan Juda hote’n Jamnia khuaah inkhawmpui an nei a, tuna kan Bible a mi Genesis atanga Malakia thleng, bu 39 chin zawng hi Juda te’n an pawm a, a dang zawng chu an hnawl a, Juda te’n heng lehkhabu an lo pawm hote hi Kohhran alo din a, Thuthlung Hlui bu Canon a nih khan an pawm zui ta a ni“ a ti a.(3) Hetiang bawk hian ‘Bible Hriatzauna‘ tih lehkhabu Biakhmingthanga Chhangte ziakah pawh phek 36-naah a ziak a, Apocripha bu telh a nih ve loh thu a tarlang bawk. Engvanga Apocripha bute chu Bible-a telh a nih loh chhan? tih zawhna hi zawhna langsar tak a ni a, zawhna awm reng pawh a ni. Vawi tam tak khawmpui naah pawh nngaihtuahna neih a ni.

1546 AD – Council of Trent-ah chuan Apocripha bute Bible-a an pawm loh dan chiang takin hetiang hian an sawi a ni – ‘Ringtu zawng zawngin, Kohhran chhiarchhuah thin, Latin tawnga Bible Vulgate chiah hi a vaiin, a bu tenaute lamin Bible-a pawm vek tur a ni. A pawm duh lo chuan anchhia dawng rawh se“ tiin. ‘A bu tenau‘ tih hi Apocripha bu sawina a ni.(4)

April 8, 1563 AD-ah Trent Rorel Inkhawmpui neih leh a ni a, Apocripha bute chu Lehkhabu Thianghlimah an nemnghet nawn leh a ni. (5)

1647 AD-ah Protestant Kohhran chuan Westminster khuaah inkhawmpui an ko a, Apocripha bu chungchanga an thuthlukna hetiang hian an puang – ‘Apocripha bute hi Pathian thawkkhum an ni ve lo a, kan Bible pawm (Canon) zinga telh tur a ni ve lo. Chuvangin Pathian Kohhran tan thuneihna an nei hek lo a, pawm tur emaw, mihring dangte ziak aia hman tangkai zawk tur emaw a ni chuang lo e‘ tiin. Mithiam chungchuang tak zinga mi Light Foot-a chuan ‘|awmkailo Apocripha‘ tiin a sawi hial nghe nghe a ni. (6)

Heta Protestant Kohhranin Bible-a telh tlaka an pawm loh chhante chu; –

1. Thuthlung Hlui leh Thar inkar lehkhabu tha tak pakhatah an ngai.
2. Vawiin thlengin Pathian thudik tluan chhuakah an la ngai thei lo.
   A chhan chu;
   (a) Heng bu amite thu pakhat mah Lal Isua’n a hmang lo.
   (b) Tirhkohte’n a thu hi an hmang ngai lo a, Kohhran hotu hmasate pawhin an hmang ngai bawk hek lo.
   (c) Hmanlai Hebrai Bible-ah a lang lo.
   (d) Bible-a telh a nihna turin tehna tling (Canonical) hlankaina tur kailawn (transition) a awmlo a ni.
   (e) Khawvel chanchin kal zel (Historical of human race)-ah lanna a awm lo a, chuvangin a thuziak te hi phuahchawp mai mai a nih leh nih loh pawh hriat a ni lo a, thu tam tak phei hi chu thil nithei awm pawh an ni lo. ‘Artui leh hmawlhte inlawm‘ thawnthu ang lek pawh a awm. Chuvangin ngaihsan zel tlakah ruatin an pawm thei lo a ni.(7)

Hetiang hian Roman Catholic leh Protestant Kohhrante ngaihdan lo in ang lo mahsela, Bible ziak tute (letling tute) erawh chuan Bible bu tawp lamah hlawm hranin an dah hlawm a, Zwingli Zurich Bible (1529)-ah belhchhahna ang deuh lekin an dah a, Calvinist Olivetan Bible (1534 – 1535) te, Dutch Bible (1526) te, Coverdale’s English Bible (1536) te, Matthew Bible (1537) te, The Great Bible (1540) te, Bishop’s Bible (1568) te, leh King James Version (1611) ahte chuan Apocripha hi thinthlak ala ni lo a, Luthera ngaihdan tawmpuiin hlawm hranah an dah zel thung a ni.

Galician Confession (1559) ah chuan Apokrifa-te chu Bible-ah telh a ni tawh lo a, chutiang bawkin Belgian Confession (1563) ah chuan Apocripha chu Bible atangin thlauhthlak a ni ta bawk. Kum 1872-ah Bible Society chuan an Bible chhut leh semdarhah reng reng Apocripha bu te hi telh loh tur an ti a, an ngaihdan hi rei tak an keng kawh a, tun hnai maiah khan an ti danglam leh ta deuh. Hei hi Catholic-te nena Bible lehlin thua tanrual a tulzia an hriat tlan tak vang a ni. ”Kohhran tupawhin Apocripha bu hi an Bible-a telh an duh chuan kan lo chhutsak ang; amaherawhchu, a lehlin senso leh a chhut man chu Kohhran chuan a tum tur a ni“ an ti ta ni.(8)

English Bible tam takte hi Kohhran behchhana ziak leh lehlin a ni vek hlawm a, chungte avang chuan Bible tha bik leh chhe bik pawh a awm thei meuh lo a, hetiang hian Roman Catholic Bible leh Protestant Bible tiin han thliar ta ila ; –

ROMAN CATHOLIC BIBLE TE;

1. Latin Vulgate – AD 4
2. Rheims and Douay Bible – 1582
3. Douay Rheims Challoner Bible – 1762
4. Confraternity Bible – 1941
5. Knox Bible – 1942
6. Westminster Bible – 1949
7. Bishop Bible – 1568
8. Kleist Lily Bible – 1966
9. Jerusalem Bible – 1966
10. The New American Bible – 1970

PROTESTANT BIBLE TE;

1. Tyndale Bible – 1525, 1534, 1536
2. King James Version – 1611
3. Revised Version – 1885
4. American Standard Version – 1901
5. The Amplified Bible – 1954
6. The Living Bible – 1971
7. New American Standard Version – 1971
8. Today’s English Version – 1976
9. New International Version – 1978
10. Revised English Bible – 1989

(Hengte hi a lar zual chauh an ni)

Bible hi ziahsual awm theih anga pawmna hi mi tam tak te’n an neiin tanfung lakchhuah turte pawh an nei a, ziahsual theih anga an ngaih chhan chu Bible ziak tute ziahdanah hian Pathian atanga thu an dawn bakah an mihrinna rilrua awm an telh thin vang nia ngai an awm a. Hetiang hian ‘Thawkkhum‘ chungchang hi han luhchilh ila ; –

Bible-ah hian ‘Thawkkhum‘ tih hi hmun khat chiah – II Timothea 3: 16-ah kan hmu a, chutah chuan “Pathian lehkhathu zawng zawng hi Pathian thawkkhuma pek a ni a……” tiin. He ‘Thawkkhum‘ tih hi Greek tawng chuan ‘O’pneu-stos‘ tih a ni a, chu chu English Bible-te chuan ‘God – breathed/ breathed by God‘ tiin an letling hlawm a ni. Thawkkhum hi sawidan chi hrang hrang pathum lai a awm a, chungte chu; –

1. Mechanical Inspiration; Ngialngan taka thawkkhum tihna a ni a, mihring ngaihtuahna thiang leh fim zawng zawng pawh rawn luah vekin Pathianin a rawn thunun vek a, an ziak hunlai chuan mihring zalenna leh duhthlanna pawh nei loin an awm an ring a ni. Chuvangin Bible-ah hian mihring thu leh ngaihdan a tel an ring lo a, engmah tihsual pawh awm theiin an hre bawk lo. Bible thuchheh leh tawngkam zawng zawng pawh Pathian thawkkhum vek niin an ngai.
2. Verbal Inspiration; Plenary Inspiration tiin an sawi bawk thin. Bible thumal inrem dan zawng zawng leh a thu chang (sentence) tin hi Pathianin a thawkkhum niin an ngai a, chuvangin dik lo a awm thei lo. Matthias Illirius (1520-1575) phei chuan “Hebrai vowel chhun keuh thleng lam hian Pathianin a thawkkhum a ni“ a ti a ni.
3. Dynamic Inspiration; A ziak tute Pathian thlarauin a pawl a, Pathianthu ziak thei turin a chawk harh a, nimahsela, anmahni mihring duhthlanna leh ngaihtuahna erawh a bo lo thung. Pathian chuan mihring theihna chu a hmang tangkai a, tichuan ziaktu tawngkauchhehte, ziak dan hmang (style) te leh kalphungte chu Bible-ah a nih ang takin kan lo hmu a ni. Chuvangin a ziak tute miziate, rilru sukthlekte an thiam leh thiam lohte, a ziak hun laia thilthlengte leh culture pawh an ziak tel ngei niin an ring a ni.(9)

Heng atang pawh hian sawiseltute chuan Pathian lehkhabu thianghlimah hian ziah sual awm thei nia an rin chhan tur chu kan hrethiam thei mai awm e.

Bible sawiseltu tam takte hian Kristiante Lehkhabu Thianghlim a ni tih hrereng chunga sawisel lui ang hrimin an sawi a, Dr. Abraham Kavoor chuan a lehkhabu ziak – ‘Godmen, Be gone’-ah chuan ‘Pathian hi thisena tuihal a ni‘ a ti a, chumai chu ala duhtawk loin Jer. 20;7, 4;10, I Lalte 22 thute lachhuakin ‘Pathian chu mi bum hmang a ni‘ a tih chu la duhtawk mai loin, ‘Bible hi rilru kaihruaitu hlauhawm tak a ni‘ a ti bawk a, a chhan chu Pornography leh Sex perversion lam a sawi tam lutuk a tih vang a ni. Ahmed Osmand-a chuan a lehkhabu ziak ‘The House of Messiah’-ah chuan ‘Aigupta Emperor – Tutenkhamen III leh Isua hi thuhmun a ni’ a ti bawk a ni.(10)

Tin, Modernist te’n Bible an thlir dan chi hrang hrang hetiang hian han en leh ila; –
(1) Dr. Lyman Abbolt; Lehkhabu dik lo thei lo anga pawm hi a dik lo tawp, tun laiin Bible hi chutianga dik lo thei lo angin tuman an ngai tawh lo.
(2) Prof. Shatter Matthews; Higher Criticism dan hmanga Bible zir hi kan intihhmuh tawh chauh a ni lo a, heti zawnga zir ve lo te chu fel tak leh thiam taka Bible zir lo ni ah kan ngai tawh a ni.
(3) Prof. Geo Jackson; Pentateuch hi Mosia ziak vek atan chuan a U lutuk a, a ngaihna a awm lo.
(4) Prof. Peake; Gen. 1 – 11 thu tak takte hi Lasi thawnthu atanga lakchhuah an ni.
(5) Canon Streeter; Mithiam sawi kai chin chuan Isua chanchinah thu dik lo a awm tih thu hi Kristian-te chuan an hria a ni.
(6) C.A. Wells; Isua kha a taka awm ni loin Paula’n a mitthlaa a hmuhdan anga a dinchhuah mai a ni.(11)

References;

1. Watch Tower 2006
2. Rev. V. Lalzawnga, Kohhran Chanchin [Early Church History 1- 600 AD] 150-151 pages
3. Rev. R. Lalrinsanga, Kristian Thurin 4 page
4. Biakhmingthanga Chhangte, Bible Hriatzauna 37 page
5. Tawnluaia, Bible Chanchin 74 page
6. Biakhmingthanga Chhangte, Bible Hriatzauna 37 page
7. Upa H. Lalchungnunga, Bible General Knowledge 23 page
8. Biakhmingthanga Chhangte, Bible Hriatzauna 38 page
9. Rev. Lalfakzuala, Thuthlung Hlui Zirchianna 10 & 11 pages
10. He thu hi 1998 kuma Calvary Bible Institute, Shillong-a Pathianthu kan zir laia kan Principal-in min hrilh a ni
11. PC. Biaksiama, Bible leh Science – II 510 page