- Mahmuaka Chhakchhuak
Leilung chanchina hun hrang hrang leh chung huna thil thleng pawimawh tak takte sawina atan chuan historical period tiin then a ni a, khawvela cheng mihringte hmasawnna pawh fiah leh chiang takin hetiang hian kan hre thei ang:
Stone Age; Mihring nunphung hriat hmasak ber niin Lunghrim hman hunlai sawina atan hman a ni. He hun hi hun thumah then a ni lehin: Paleolithic (Old Stone Age), Mesolithic (Middle Stone Age) leh Neolithic (New Stone Age) tihtea then leh a ni a. Paleolithic hun hi kum maktaduai 2.5 vel kalta atanga intan niin BCE 10,000 vel thleng a awh a, hetih hunlai hian mihring hmasate chu ramsa mantu- gatherer tih an ni. Lung chu tangkai takin hmanraw chi hrang hranga hman a ni thin.
Mesolithic (Middle Stone Age) hun erawh chu BCE 10,000 vel atanga BCE 5,000 vel huamin hetih hunlai hian hmanraw siam danah hmasawnna nasa tak awmin mihringte chuan ramsa man leh ei tur khawlkhawm dante an lo thiam chho zel bawk a.
Neolithic (New Stone Age) hunlai hi kum 12,000 vel kalta atang khan intanin BCE 3,000 vel thleng a awh a. He hunah hian hmasawnna neiin lo neih leh ran vulh lama inthlak danglamna thlengin bel siamna kawngah leh lung hmanraw thianghlim zawk siam dan pawh an lo thiam chho ta zel a.
Bronze Age; Hmanrua leh ralthuam atana Beonze hman hunlai a ni a, mihring chanchina bronze hman lar tak hunlai a ni. A tlangpuiin BCE 3,300 atanga BCE 1,200 vel inkar a awhin hmun hrang hrangah erawh a hun chhung hi a inang vek thei lo. Bronze Age-ah hian civilization hmasa ber Mesopotamian, Aigupta, Indus valley leh Aegean civilization te chu alo thang lian a, chu chu agriculture, sumdawnna leh khawpui lama thil thar siam a nih avangin a lo thang lian chak hle.
Iron Age; Mihring thiamna chuan tlema hmasawn hretin Thir chu ralthuam atan leh hmanraw dang atana hman thiam alo ni a, a hunchhungah chuan BCE 1200 vel atanga Common Era intan thlengin a huam thei ang a, nimahsela hmun hrang hrangah a inang vek thei lo ang. Hetih hunlai hian hmun hrang hangah thir lakchhuah leh thir hmanga hmanraw siam chhuah chu hmasawnna langsar tak a ni a, tunlai hun thleng hian he hun (Iron Age) hian pawimawhna tam tak a nei bawk a ni.
Middle Age; Hei hi Medieval Period tia hriat a ni bawk a. Kum zabi 5-na atanga kum zabi 15-na tawp lam thleng khan a huamin Kristianna lo chhuahna leh nation-state lo chhuahna te a huam thei bawk ang. Western Roman Empire tlahniam leh feudalism lo chhuahna a niin thuneihna chu lalte leh pasalthate chuan insem darhin he hunah hian nunphung mai bakah sum leh pail eh politics lamah inthlak danglamna a thleng nasa em em a ni. Chutah chuan kristianna paw halo darhzau phah zel bawkin hmasawnna pawh a thleng chho reng bawk a.
Industrial Age; Kum zabi 18-na tawp lam atang khan mechanized manufacturing process alo chhuah thleng khan a huam a. He hun hi Industrial Revolution tia hriat lar a ni bawkin chu chuan sum leh pai lama inthlak danglamna nasa tak a thlen a ni. Agrarian leh handicraft based economy atanga industry leh machine manufacturing lamah thil inthlak danglam awmin hmasawnna pawimawh tak tak steam power siam chhuahte, textile samna mechanization te leh rel kawng ang chi te pawh huam vekin hmasawnna chu hmuh theihin nasa takin a thang a ni.
Information Age; Hei hi tunlai hun tih a niin digital technology hmanna zau tak, a bik takin computer leh internet hmanna leh thu inthlengna rang tak takte a kawk a. Khawtlang nunah kawng hrang hrangin inbiakpawhnaahte, zirnaahte, sumdawnnaahte leh intihhlimna leh rorelna hmunahte nasa takin danglamna a thlen. He hmasawnna avang hian khawvel letliama chengte nen pawh rang tak takin kan lo inbiak pawh theih phah bawkin chu chu a sawi awlsamna atan ‘Global Village’ tih a ni.
Hetianga khawvel hmasawnna chi hrang hrang kan han sawi hian kimchang takin sawi lo mah ila, kan hmasawn dan leh kan hmasawnna lo danglam dante fiah takin kan hriat theih a rinawm. A bik takin tunlai hun ‘Information Age’ kan tihah hian kan rilru leh thinlung ngei pawh hi a hmanhmawh kan ti dawn nge, a nghak thei lo thin a. Entirna atan TV leh Social media site khawilai emawa kan thil hmuh chu naktuk maia a tak hmuh nghal kan duh mai thin. Chutiang zelin indona ngei pawh live-a thlir theih chang alo tam ta bawkin engkim mai hi mahni awmhmun atanga hmuh leh hriat vek kan tum tawh thin. Naktuk chanchinbua lo chhuak tur kan nghak hman lo a, Radio-a thupuan phei chu kan ngaithla taima ta lo hle mai.
Inbiakpawhna a that ang bawkin inkalpawhna pawh alo awlsam zel bawk a, nikhat thilthuah vai ram hla tak tak pawh kan thleng zung zung ta mai bawk a. Tunhmaa Silchar kal chhung aiin tunah chuan Delhi mai pawh niloin Bangkok khawpui kal chhung alo rei ta lo daih zawk maite hi khawvel hmasawnna langsar tak kan ti thei ang. Kum 1994 vela Biak hlatna hmunpui, Aizawl atanga America biak kha a buaithlak tehlul nen tunah chuan mahni khum laizawl atangin khawvel letliam amite nen pawh duh hun hunah kan inbe thei ta mai pawh hi hmasawnna ropui tak a ni a. Tunhma deuha mahni Ina lane line Telephone hmanga khaw dang a biak theih loh laia PCO (Public Call Office) atang khera kan han biate leh Subscriber Trunk Dialing (STD) Code number kan vawn thinte kha ala rei lo tehlul nen tunah chuan PCO mamawh loin kan lo awm ta a, tawngkam mai niloin video call thlengin kan duh duh kan be thei ta te hi hmasawnna hriatreng tawh tur a ni.
Hetiang khawvelah hian kan chen avangin keimahni ngei pawh hian khawvel hmasawn ruala hma kan sawn ve zel theihna turin kan inbuatsaih reng fo a pawimawh. Lunghriam hman hunlai anga incheina pawh ngaihsak lo taka kan awm reng a rem tawh lo a, kan tunhun ang zela kan inher rem thiam a tul thin. Kan naupan laiin (La rei lo hle mahsela) ka pa hian bel lian tak tak, khap riat bel tiat vel hi sawm dawn lai a dah tha thin a, a hman pawh kan hmang tangkai thin viau bawk tak nain tunah chuan bel lian chu hmanna alo tam lem tawh lo a, a hnawk tan ta mai. Chutiang bawkin Vawk hriak leh Ar thaute ngei pawh kan hmang lar tawh lem lo viau mai a, a aia damdawi tha a awm tawh vang a ni. Nakin lawkah phei chuan thangthar rawn chhuak lehte chuan tuikawt (Tel tin emaw bucket hmanga tui kawh) pawh hi an la hre lo thuaiin a rinawm.