- Dr. C. Lalrampana
- A KAMKÊUNA
Chengdu, China-a Shishi High School hi BCE 143 – 141 atang khan hawn a ni a, khawvela sikul awm tawh zinga upa ber a ni. High school emaw secondary school hi Han lalram hunlaia Chinese sikul din hmasak berna hmunah sak a ni a, chuvangin Shishi hi BCE 143 – 141-a din a ni. Kum 859 AD-a din, Morocco khawpui Fez-a University of al-Qarawiyyin chu UNESCO chuan a pawmpui a , degree pe thei university awm tawh zinga upa ber a ni. University of al-Qarawiyyin Université Al Quara uiyine), Al-Karaouine emaw Al Quaraouiyine emaw tih pawh a ni a, Morocco khawpui Fez-a awm university a ni. Formal school hriat hmasak ber chu Aigupta Middle Kingdom-ah Mentuhotep II (2061-2010 BC)-a treasurer Kheti kaihhruaina hnuaiah siam a ni. Mesopotamia ramah chuan cuneiform script logographic system hmasa ber thiam tur chuan kum tam tak a ngai a ni. Kum 857–859 AD khan Fatima al-Fihri chuan mosque atan a din a, chumi hnuah Islamic Golden Age-a thlarau lam leh zirna hmunpui ber pawl a lo ni ta a ni. Kum 1963 khan Morocco-ah tunlai state university system-ah dah a ni a, kum hnih hnuah official-in “University of Al Quaraouiyine” tia thlak a ni. Mosque building ngei pawh hi Moroccan leh Islamic architecture hlui, Morocco chanchin hun hrang hranga element hrang hrang awmna complex pawimawh tak a ni bawk. St George’s Anglo- Indian Higher Secondary School hi kum 1715 khan Military (a hnuah Madras) Male Orphan Asylum tia din a ni a, khawvela sikul upa ber pawl leh India rama sikul upa ber a ni. Kum 1088 vela zirtirna hna thawh tanna leh kum zabi 12-na tawp lama university atana buatsaih, Italy khawpui Bologna-a University of Bologna hi khawvela university hlui ber leh upa ber a ni a, zirna sang zawk leh degree nei hmasa ber award pe thei institute a ni. Mizoramah chuan High School hmasa ber Mizo High School hi kum 1944 February thla khan Zarkawtah hawn a ni a. Class VII-ah zirlai 56 an awm a, headmaster Rev. David Evan Jones-a hnuaiah an awm a ni. Kum 1941 chhiarpui (Census of India) thleng khan mizoram hian India rama ziak leh chhiar thiamna dinhmun sang ber (36%) a nei tawh a ni.
- LEHKHATHIAM HMASA BER
Thuziak bul tanna hi a bo tawh avangin khawvela ziak leh chhiar thiam hmasa ber tu nge tih chu hriat chian theih a ni lo. Khawvel hmun hrang hrangah ziakna kalphung chu mahni inrintawkna neiin a lo piang chhuak a, ziak lama hmasawnna chu kum sang tam tak chhunga thil thleng, zawi zawia lo awm ta chu a ni. Thuziak dan hriat hmasak ber chu Sumerian cuneiform a ni a, BCE 3500 vel khan Mesopotamia ramah a lo chhuak a. Brahmagupta hi Mathematician leh astronomer a ni a, kum 597-668 AD inkar khan India hmarchhak Bhinmal khawpuiah a khawsa a. Brahmagupta hian astronomer, Mathematics lama inhmang tak angin inngai mah se, tunlai hian Mathematics lama a thawhhlawk avangin hriat a hlawh ber a ni. Mizoramah chuan Thingpui Huan Tlang, Chandmary (“Tea Garden”), a hnuah MacDonald Hill tia hming vuah, Zarkawt-ah sap missionary-te’n camp an siam a. Roman script hmangin Mizo hawrawp siam hna an thawk nghal a. Thla hnih leh a chanve chauh an awm hnuah Savidge-a chuan sikul hmasa ber chu April 1, 1894-ah a din tan ta a, sikul naupang hmasa ber leh awmchhun chu Suaka leh Thangphungate an ni. Anni hi Mizo zinga lehkha zir hmasaber leh thiam hmasaber chu an ni awm e. Kum 1944 khan mipui thawhlawm hmangin Aizawl-ah High School hmasa ber hi din a ni a. High School hawn a nih khan tlangram, tuna Mizoram tia koh hian zirna lama hmasawnna kawngah hun thar a lo chuangkai ve ta a ni.
- LEHKHATHIAMTE PA CHU TUNGE NI?
Khawvela lehkha Zirna nei hmasa ber chu Brahma, thil siamtu pathian a ni an ti. Brahma hi mi fing leh mi fel tak anga tarlan a ni a, Hindu sakhaw thu thianghlim Vedas-te chu a siam niin an sawi bawk. Vedas hi thuziak zau tak leh buaithlak tak, thupui hrang hrang, philosophy, sakhua leh science-te pawh huam tel a ni. “Brahma hi B.C.E 500 vel atanga C.E. 500 thlenga Hindu sakhaw pathian lian ber pawl Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva leh Pathiannu ropui tak a ni. Vedic siamtu pathian Prajapati nena inzawm anga ngaih Brahma hi rangkachak rulhut atanga lo piang niin lei leh a chhunga thil awm zawng zawng a siam a ni” an ti. Keini Kristiante Pathian nung erawh a bul leh a tawp hriat phak loh khawpa ril a ni. Brahma BCE 500 awm hma daiha awm tawh, a bul leh a tawp pawh hriat phak loh khawpa ril leh ropui chu Pathiannung YHWH (Yahweh), engkimtitheia a ni. US mi Horace Mann hi Zirna Pa tia hriat chu a ni. A hnuah kum 1837 khan Massachusetts Board of Education USA din thar a nih khan Secretary atan thlan a ni a, chutah chuan ‘major educational reform ’ a siam a ni. School concept leh theory a ring nghet tlat a. Khawvel mihring zawng zawng hian tawng kan nei vek a, tawng hi a tlem berah kum 150,000 atanga kum 200,000 vela upa a nih a rinawm. Mihring hmasate zingah thil awm lo leh entîrna neia thil awm dân finfiahnain a thlawp a, red-ochre-a lemziak ang chite hi entirna tha tak chu a ni. Khawvela lehkha Zirna nei hmasa ber chu Brahma tih ni mah se lehkhathiamte pa erawh chu Horace Mann hi a ni.
- ZIRNA AWMZIA
Zirna hi hriatna pek emaw, neih emaw, ngaihtuahna leh rorelna thiltihtheihna tihhmasawn, mahni emaw, mi dangte emaw chu nun puitling atân finna lama inbuatsaihna thiltih emaw, kalphung emaw. hriatna emaw thiamna bik pek emaw, neih emaw, hnathawhna atana hman ang chi thiltih emaw, kalphung emaw a ni. Zirna hi hriatna, thiamna leh mizia inthlunzawmna a ni a, chi hrang hrang a awm a ni. Formal education hi institutional framework hnuaia mi a ni. Mahatma Gandhi ngaihdan chuan Zirna hi naupang leh mihring taksa, rilru leh thlarau lama thil tha ber berte zawn chhuahna a ni. “Zirna hi cumulative a ni ngai lo va, naupangte chu an talent hriatchhuah leh tihchak, thiamna tihhmasawn leh anmahni rilru tihhmasawn tura puih a, anmahni version tha ber siam tumna kalpui zel a ni. Zirna hian taksa, rilru, leh nungchang lama hmasawnna a huam a. Zirna thil tum ber hi kan hlen kim vek thei lo. Zirna hi mi rethei berte duhzawng chhanna tur khawpa nasa taka tihdanglam (revolutionize) tur a ni a, mahni hmasialtute duhzawng chhanna ai chuan. Mipui nihna hriatthiamna lama zirna hi rinawm leh taima taka kan vawn a ngai a ni. Zirna bulpui hian naupangte, khawpui emaw, thingtlang khua emaw pawh ni se, India rama thil tha ber leh daih rei thei zawng ber nen a thlunzawm a ni. Zirna hi training hnuaia naupangte mihring nihna famkim hlenchhuahna art a ni. Literacy hi a takah chuan zirna a ni lo. Literacy hi zirna tawpna a ni lo va, a bul tanna pawh a ni lo. Ziak leh chhiar thiamna zirtîrna chuan kut themthiam zirtîrna chu a zui tûr a ni. Zirna dik tak chu a chhehvel dinhmun nen a inmil tur a ni a, chuti lo chuan hmasawnna hrisel tak a ni lo. Democracy hlimawm tak a nih theih nan eng nge kan mamawh tak tak tih ngaihtuah a ngai a ni.” a ti. Tunlaia kan zirna bul (elementary education) hian Gandhiji ngaihdan ang hi a phawk pha tawh lo hle niin a lang.
- ZIRNA CHHIAT CHHAN
Kum 1941 chhiarpui neih lai pawha India ram puma ziak leh chhiar thiam tamna bet 36% lo ni tawh leh tun chhiarpui hnuhnung ber pawha literacy rate 91.58% ni mek bawk; India ram pum huapa ziak leh chhiar thiam tam berna dawttu ni mek si hi engvangin nge kan zirna (education system) hi a chhiat êm êm reng mai le? Ministry thar apiangin ‘Zirna siamthat (education reform) a ngai tia an aupui ziah chu le? Enge a chhan ni thei âwm I han bihchiang teh ang.
- SIKUL HAWN PHAL RAI
Mizoram chhungah mizo medium/English medium sikul hawng turin tehfung (criteria) fel tak a awm. Chu hna chu Directorate of School Education-in a kut ken a; Sikul endiktuten a hmunah kalchilhin sikul hawn diltute an endik thin a, an hmuh dan (finding) dik tak an thehlut thin. Sikul endiktute hmuh dan atanga phalna pek phute chauh sikul hawn phalna pek tur a nih laiin thuneitu sang atangin tehfung (criteria) pha hauh lo pawh lehkha te (chit) hmanga “Rawn tihsak vat teh u” an tih chuan phalna pek a ngaihleh mai thin ni awm tak a ni. English Medium Sikul phei chu tehna hrang hrangah an tling lo nasa thei hle a; mahse, phalna an hmu awlsam phian thin nia sawi a awm. Tin, thingtlang khaw lama sikul din thar tam tak pawh hian tehfung pha lo chunga phalna an hmuh thin avangin zirnaah nghawng (impact) a nei thin a ni. Heng avangte hian zirna lamah zirna tha quality aiin a tama intam chhuah quantity lamah a khalh lut a; zirna tha a awm thei lo a ni. Tu huat thu ni suh se, saptawng sikul phei hi chuan in tinah lutin zirlai ngah loh hlauvin ‘House 2 house campaign’ hial neiin hma an la thin a; an zirlaite suggestion an pe fuh thei viau thin niawma sawite a awm. Zirna tha beisei chu harsa tak a nih hmel. Hetianga sikul hawn phalna phalrai lutuk thin hian zirtirtu training nei mumal lo a hring chhuak teuh a, hei hian zirna tha a thlen mawh hle thin a ni.
TEXT BOOK & BAZAR NOTE : Mizote hi rilru hmanmawh, engpawh ti ila, zawh zung zung duh mi kan ni a. Zirtirnaah pawh hian zirlaite aiin zirtirtute an hmanhmawh zawk thin a; kumpui lingleta zir tur zirlaibu tha tak, kan rinpui ber tur a awm reng laiin zir zung zunga course zawh zawhpui vat duhna avangin zirlaiten zirbu an zir tan dawn chauh tihah Bazar notebook, mi sumdawnna lei turin an hrilh thin a; hei hian zirna a tichhe nasa hle. Zirbu (textbook) pangngaiah zirlaiten hriattur pawimaawh tam tak an nei a; uluk takin zirtirin, anmahni ngei hmangin note-te samtir thin zawk se byheart system kalsanin hriatthiamna (understanding) nei turin zirtir zawk se zirna tha leh rintlak a chhuak ngei ang. Hnamdang kan tluk loh fona chhan pawh hriatthiamna tel lova note vawn atanga exam an hmachhawn thin avangin zirlaiten an zawlpui an pha lo thin a ni. Education Minister lo ni ve ta ila, ka tihtur hmasa ber chu bazar note khawn khawmtir a, paiih bo a ni ang. Bazar note hian thiamna a keng tlem hle. Zirlai bu chhunga mi hi bel takin thiam theuh se zirlai chhawrnaawm tak kan chher chhuak ngei ang.
COURSE/CURRICULUM/SYLLABUS: Sorkar hi scheme, project & program leh development hrang hrangah a che muang thei hle a. Sum ruahman felsa pawh ni se, a zikmar chhung a rei thin em avangin development tam tak pawh a hun (time frame) chhungah pawh a khung fel hlei thei thin lo. Kan zirna chhiat nachhan pawh Course/ Curriculum/Syllabus thlak dawnin inbuatsaih lawkna mumal awm lovin zirlaite leh zirtirtu, nu leh pate nawhchih takin a nawr rum rum thin a; zrtirtute pwhin zan kal takin zirlaite an kaihruai thin. Hei hian inbuatsaihlawkna (preparedness) a zuankahlen thin avangin zirna a nghawng chhe nasa thei hle. Kum 1996 atanga NEHU University-in PUC a tihtawp tum pawh khan a hma kum 5 kal ta 1990 vel atang khan NEHU khan Mizoram Sorkar a rawn hriattir lawk daih tawh nia sawi a awm. Mahse, Mizoram sorkar a inbuatsaih duh loh avangin chawplehchilhin zing leh tlai HSS class hawna phuahchawpa kalpui rum rum a ngai a nih kha! Chutiang bawkin Education Act, 2009 angin 23rd march 2011 khan Congress Ministry khan Continuous and Comprehensive Education (CCE) a rawn introduced thut a, zrtirtute tuai hriam lawkna a awm si lova, a design leh system a danglam zar bawk si, Zorampum kan van buai tehlul em! Nu leh pa leh zirtirtu an tap chuah chuah kha ni berin a lang. Chutah Education Reform Commission an din a; a bu chhahpui nen a hmawr an bawk a; an sorkar nawnleh chung pawh khan an hmang zui lem hlei lova an thulkhung vel ta mai mai emawni? MNF Ministry a lo dingleh a, Reform Commission Report chu a hmangzui duh chuang bawk si lo. Zirtirtu ngah vak kha zirna siamthatna emaw a ti a, MR Teacher, SEDP Teacher a la teuh a; Aikal la tam ber department a la ni zui a. Tunah mipui sorkar a lo ding a, Casual Teacher a la leh teuh a, mahni hna zawm duh lo engemawzat an awmleh a, tihdan thar an sawi rileh ret ret tawh bawk a; Sakawlh number hrilhfiahna lam nge min zirpui dawn nge, PMJVK sum hman tam dan min zirtir dawn lah hriat va ni hek suh. Kan ram zirna hi chu Ministry thar apiang hian an suasam ta ni berin a lang. Kawng tin renga Inbuatsaih lawkna awm hmasa lo chuan Sorkar hian course/curriculum/syllabus-te hi thlak tawh lul suh se, kan ram hi an hmangaih takzet a nih chuan engkim fim tak leh fimkhur taka ngaihtuah fel hmasain zirna hi kalpui tawh mawlh teh se. CCE kalpui thut khan HS/HSS & College, university level thleng a nghawng mek a, competitive exam chihrang hrang pawh paltlang thei an tlem tial tial a ni tih kan pawm thiam a ngai ta.
SIKUL ENDIK: Tun hma chuan Sikul endiktu (School Inspector)-te’n an bial chhung theuha sikulte a hmunah tlawhin uluk takin an vilin an endik thin. Mahse, kum 20 liam ta vel atang khan Sikul endiktute’n sikul an endik khat ta hle. Hemi kawngah pawh hian Zoram mipui, MZP/MSU leh NGO pawhin sikul inspector-te an dem nasa thin. Mahse, hei hian chhan tam tak a nei. Pakhatnaah chuan kum 2000-2001 khan SSA a lo lut a; SSA staff BRCC leh CRCC-te khan tun thlengin sikul tinah kalin sikul an tlawh chamchi thin avang leh an mamawh (physical needs) an tihsak zung zung a; zirlaibu a thlawnin an sem bawk a; sikul endiktu tan tihtur dang vak a awm lo niin lang. A danglehah chuan Director/DEO/SDEO level hrang hrang ang zelin MS/HS teacher leh SDEO/CEO junior zawkte SSA Officers SPD/ASPD/DPC/DDPC-ahte dah an ni a; State dangah chuan heng mawhphurhnate hi sikul inspector-te hian an zawl tawk ang zelin an kengkawh nghal mai a, harsatna a awm lo. Mizoramah erawh MNF Ministry khan a tihsual laklawh avangin Director/DEO/SDEO etc-te pre-eminent nasa takin a tihniam a, anni tan phur taka sikul tlawha fan a tih hleih theih loh niin a lang. Tin, tunhma angin sikul endiktute zin veivahna lirthei pek an ni tawh lova Sorkarin Govt. vehicle a privatised vek avangin an tan bial fan a harsa hle thin a ni. Hei bakah hian sikul endiktute report theh luh hi lipuia hreifang tla ang vang vangin a pil bo thin a; hei hian inspector-teah phurna a titlahniam niin a lang. Hetih lai hian Minister leh MLA-te sikul tlawh report thehluh erawh rang mangkhenga bawhzuia tihhlawhtlin deuh zel a ni si thin.
THUNEIHNA SEMZAI: Tun hma hun engemaw chen kha chu Education Department chhungah thuneihna semzai a ni thin. Abikin zirtirtu leh non-teaching staff-te pawh Director/DEO/SDEO-te’n a tul dan azir zelin an bial chhung (Jurisdiction)-ah chuan thawktute an sawn kual mai thei thin a. Mahse, kum 2013 Congress Ministry atang khan Department tinah Concerned Minister-te thu lo chuan hnathawktute sawn (transfer & posting)-ah thuneihna an nei ta lova, Department pakhata Director-a thu IAS Officer pakhat chuan.”Ka MR peon pawh ka sawn thei tawh lo, a hmingin ka thu ve mai mai a ni.” a ti. School Education-ah phei chuan zirtirtu transfer & posting tul leh siamrem ngai chu a chhunga thawk Officer-te’n an hrechiang vek zawk. Hetih lai hian Minister apiangin Transfer & posting hi an rawn tuipui em em zel lehnghal a. Sikul enkawltu Department Officer-te’n thuneihna an neih tawh lohzia an hmuhin mipui leh an hnuaia thawk teaching staff & non-teaching staff-te’n an zah lova, engah vak an ngai hek lo. Sikul an tlawh pawhin a then phei chuan an lo dawngsawng tha duh lo fo thin niin a lang. He thuneihna inchhuhsak avang hian zirna hian nasa takin a tuar mek a ni. Bial tina Education Officer-ten local transfer takngial pawh an khawih theih tawh loh avangin an dignity a tlahniam hle bawk. He thuneihna inchhuhsakna tha lo tak hi MNF Ministry khan a rawn chhunzawm zel a; tuna mipui Sorkar ZPM Ministry pawh hian a la chhunzawm zel niin a lang. Thuneihna hi semzai leh a nih hma chuan zirna hian thanlen aiin tlak hniam lam a pan tial tial dawn niin a hriat theih.
- A TLANGKAWMNA
Zorama Zirna tlakchhiat chhan hi sawi tur a van tam tehlul em! Sawi vek sen a ni lo. Zirna tha nei tur chuan infrastructure facility, teaching & learning material hrang hrang, modernization ilo a pawimawh vek. Hengho erawh hi chu a tlangpuiin Samagra Shiksha Abhyan zarah kan tlachham vak tawh bik lo, modern technology nen phuisui takin zirlaiten a takin an nunpui deuh vek tawh. Tin, heng thil tha leh changkang tak tak hi ngahin hnianghnar viau mah ila, Zirnain a tum bulpui ber chu Zirlaite mipui tlinga chherchhuaha awmze nei leh hmantlaka siam hi a ni. Chuvangin, zirna tha kan duh tak tak chuan sikul viltu Department Officers-te hi tunhma ang khan huneihna peletleh ngam ila, an hnuaia thawk mi luhlul leh hrem ngaite chunga kut an thlak ve theih nan leh an thunun theih nan awmze neiin siam ni se, tin, zirlaite zirlaibu a hun taka peihfelsak leh bazar note paih bo ngam, aikal tihtawp ngam, zitirtute zingah thlatin transfer dil ching hrem ngam, syllabus/curriculum/course thlak dawna inbuatsaihna tha neih lawk leh teaching methode dik leh principle of Education dik hman tangkai bakah sikul inthununna (school discipline) vawn that te, zirna hnuaia service associaation hrang hrang hruaitute sikul chhuahsan tam lutukte hi thunun ni se, zirtirtu period insiamremtawn zing lutuk te, log book vawn leh vawn lohte leh lesson plan buatsaih anga zrtir hram hramte nen sawi tur a van tam em. Chuvangin, Mizoram sorkar, mipui sorkar, hian uluk takin ngaihtuahna thar siamin hma la se kan rama zirna hian awmzia a nei ngei ang. Engpawhnise, mipui sorkar hi i lo ngaichang phawt teh ang u hmiang?