- Zoliansanga Tlau
Hindu sakhua chuan pian nawnna (Samsara) thurin an ring a. Mihring hi a thih hian a taksa chu thi mah se, a thlarau chu thi ve lo vin, a piang nawn leh thin tih an ring. An dam laia an thil tih a that leh a chhiat thuah an pian nawnnaah nghawng neiin an piang danglam thei a. Dam laia thil tha ti thin chuan a pian nawnnaah a pian hmasak aia din hmun tha zawkah a piang dawn tihna a ni a; Dam laia thil sual ti thin chuan a pian nawnnaah piangsual emaw rannungah emaw a piang nawn thei bawk. Hetiang deuh hian Dr. C. Lalawmpuia Vanchiau lehkhabu hmasa ber “Tapchhak Theory Essay & Criticism” kum 2011-a tih chhuah phek (Biliography nen) 211-a chhah chu tun hnai lawk khan chhut thar niin a piang thar/piang nawn leh ta a. A pian hmasak khan Mizo literature huangah nghawng a nei lian a, a bikin criticism lamah thawm a nei ring a. Hetianga a pian hmasak tuma nghawng tha a neih avang khan a pian nawnnaah pawh din hmun tha zawkah a awm a rinawm hle. A pianna hmasa atanga chhiara a kum 11-naah a piang nawn leh ta a; a tawp lama Sap tawng Poetry awm thin kha a pian nawnnaah erawh a awm tawh lo va, phek 183-a chhah chauh a ni ta a ni. A pian hmasaka a man cheng 100 ni thin kha a pian nawnnaah chuan cheng 250 a lo ni ta bawk a – din hmun tha zawkah chuan a awm tawh phawt mai.
He lehkhabu hi hlawm hnihah then niin: Literary Criticism leh Thematic Writing tiin. Literary Criticism huangah hian thupui paruk a chai a, chungte chu:
- “Indian Army Rape Us/Indian Army Take Our Flesh”
- Historical Truth: Mizo-te hi kan lo mawl reng emt
- Colonial Hangover: Tawia Thlahrang nge Kawla Thlahrangt
- ‘Ruam Rai Thuruk’ Ka Chhar
- An Sung Lad: Laldinkima Sailo
- Poetry Chu Poetry Ni Mai Rawh Se Thematic Writing huangah hian thupui pariat a chai a, chungte chu:
- Malcom X – The Ballot or The Bullet
- Pu Tom-a Hmangaihna Lehkhathawn
- Saptawng Hi Zah Viau Tur a Ni Emt
- Awi Ka Rei!!! Calcutta
- Dalit Drum: Garth Hewitt Nen Hyderabad-ah
- Tapchhak Theory: History Kan Hria, Literature Pawh Kan Hria
7.’_Ism + Nationalism = Utopianism[t]’ - MKH/Gay Literature – The Subbaltern Voice
A thu ziah thupui han en ringawt pawh hian Sap tawng leh Mizo tawng a inpawlh chiat tih kan hmuh ka ring a. Hemi chungchang hi hetiang hian ama’n a ziak, “mi thu ziah kara Saptawng thumal pahnih/khat lo tlazep thin hi thenkhat chuan ve berah kan nei a. Mahse, an veia-te hian siam ta nge an ti hlei lo va. Literature-ah chuan ziaktu a thu ber a, a dawtah chhiartute. Saptawng chawmpawlh chunga thu ziah hi eng nge a pawi viauna, tiin ka inzawt thin. Ziakpuii Pa’n, ‘Tawng zawng zawng anpui kan nei lo hi tlawm chia lak tur a ni lo va, khawvel zawng a khum theih loh va, mi hmuhchhuah sa duh duha kan hman theih tho hi hmang ila, kan creativity-in hma a sawn chak zawk a rinawm’ a tih hi hahdam taka tawmpui mai ka thlang ta zawk a ni” tiin. A thu vuak thlak hi i pawmpui emaw pawmpui lo emaw he lehkhabu avanga Dictionary i keua thil i hriat belh a nih chuan hma i sawn tihna a ni a, hma sawn chu thil tha tak a ni lo’m ni.
He lehkhabu “Tapchhak Theory” hming put chhan chu, “thliarkar rilru pu chunga literature leh huang danga ‘dan’ leh ‘tur’ kan tih tlur thin, ‘scholarly attitude’ ni bawk si lo sawina a ni.” a tih hi Mafaa khan “Mizo tawngin letling leh chhawng dawn ila chu ‘Pum Titi’ ka tih ka ring” a ti a. He lehkhabuin a tum ber chu, “Literature-ah thlir dan pakhat chauh a awm thei ngai lo” tih a ni bawk. A ziaktu hian, “Literature nih dan, poetry phuah dan tur, thu ziak dan, lehkhabu review dan, tur, dan , tur – theory leh concept pawh ni si lo mimal duh dan ‘Tapchhak Theory’ [Tukchawp criticism] lo inrawlh ve fo hi ka buaina ber chu a ni” tiin a thai lang hial! A thuhmahruai ringawt pawh ngaihtuah fe tam a awm a. Zalenna Ram leh Thuhlaril lehkhabu te’n literature an hrilh fiah chu a eng lam chauh nia hriain a thim lam pawh a awm thu hetiang hian a ziak, “Literature-ah ‘a eng lam’ leh ‘a thim lam’ dinhmun a intiat chiah” tiin. A ni khawp asin, Zoram buai literature hi Mizo tan chuan a engin a thlum teh chiam lo; mahse, kan chanchin a ni miau va, kan hriat ngei a tul si a nih hi!
Bung khatnaah hian C. Zama lehkhabu “Zoram A Tap” tih chu nghahchhanah hmangin ram buai laia India sipai thenkhatte chet dan bawraw tak tak min hlui a; mahse, lawmawm deuh chu heng mi sual leh pawngsual ching sipaite hi kah hlum an ni vek hian rilru na lutuk tur tlem chuan a thawi dam deuh. Indonaah chuan naupang, hmeichhia, leh tar chak lote’n an tuar nasa bik thin a, Mizoram buai lai pawhin hei hi a thleng dik a ni. Ram buai laia nu leh nula thenkhatte’n an retheih luat avanga eiin tur hlawh chhuak tura an lo inpumpek a nih pawhin an nunna chhanhim nan a ni ngei ang. “Tin, heng kan hmeichhiate hian thiam lohna pakhat mah an nei lo. A bulpui ber chu, rilru fim pawh pu hlei thei lova min bawl-tu plitics nu lutuk vang kha a ni…An tawrhna zo-zai kha thangtharte hian kan tuarpui ve tak zet a, khaw eng hmu theia kan awm chhan pawh mipui tawrhna vang chauh a ni. Eng dang vang mah ni lovin.” tih chu he lehkhabu ziaktu aw rawl a ni.
He lehkhabu hi postcolonial tarmit vuah chunga khawthlirna a nih avangin sap aia Mizo nep bik lohzia leh ropui zawk hial thu kan hmu hian rilru a khawih hle. Chu chu bung hnihnaah hian kan hmu a, kan Mizo lalte kha an lo mawl awzawng lo mai tih chu he lehkhabu ziaktu thu vuak thlak a ni. Tin, colonialist-te khan History-ah lan mawi tumin an lo beih nasatzia kan hmu bawk! Bung hnihna hi Lalhruaitluanga lehkhabu “Zoram Vartian” leh C. Lalnunchanga lehkhabu “Pasalthate Ni Hnuhnung” nghahchhanah hmangin Mizote kan mawl bik lohzia kan hmu a. Lehkhabu kan tarlan review-tute thu ziah thenkhat tar langin a sawi fiah tel bawk, Reader Response Criticism kan hmu pawh kan ti thei ang.
Bung thumnaah hian Lalzuithanga ‘Thlahrang’ chu postcolonial thlir dana a thlir hi a puiin a ngaihnawm hle. He lehkhabu ziaktu hian, “Kawla Thlahrang leh colonial-hangover inchuktuahna hi zir tham a tling a ni” a ti hial nghe nghe bawk.
Bung linaah C. Lalnunchanga lehkhabu “Ruam Rai Thuruk” a thlirnaah, “Lehkhabu tha leh ngaihnawm a nih avanga fak tur ka ni lova, a ziaktu ziak avanga fak tur pawh ka ni lem lo. A ZIAKTU in a ZIAK dan hi a ni lung-ti-awi ber zawk chu” tiin death of the author rim nam min hlui a. Thuhmahruai-a L.Keivom-in lehkhabu tha a sawi chu a duh khawp loh thu kan hmu a. He bungah erawh chuan “Tapchhak Theory” ziaktu lehkhabu tha tih ruangam kan hmu a, “Lehkhabu tha ziaktu chuan a ziahsak, a chhiartu tan hmun leh hun awl zau tak, ngaihtuah chhunzawm tur thiam takin min chhawpchhuahsak thin. Chu chuan amah leh chhiartute inkarah sawi fiah mai theih loh inlaichinna thuk tak a siam a, lehkhabu dang an ziah chhiar tumin kan fan kan fan tawh mai a ni” a tih bakah, “C. Lalnunchanga masterpiece ‘Ruam Rai Thuruk’ hi fiction ngaihnawm tawp, ahun lai (tun hi) leh hun lo kal tur atan pawha hahipa sawi tham tling, lehkhabu tha chungchuang a ni. Zotawnga thawnthu tuipui tawh lo leh chhiar ngai loten chhiar ve se tih hi ka duhsakna a ni. An rilru an thlak dawn tih ka chian avangin. Mahse, lehkhabu zirtir nei kher zawng thin, a tawpa dikna, felna, thatna, leh mawia ding chang lai hmuh tum tlat tan chuan phek buai kher a ngai lovang” a ti bawk.
Bung nganaah hian Laldinkima Sailo poetry-bu a thlir a. Postmodernist leh modernist te poem phuah dan min hlui a, a bengvarthlak hle. Hengho hi chuan rhyme scheme, metre tih velin a puar ve lo a, an zalen hle a ni ang.
Bung ruknaah hian Laltluangliana Khiangte lehkhabu “Mizo Hla leh Chham Hlate: Hla leh Chham Hlate Thlir Dan Thar” tih chu chik takin a bih chiang a. A ngaihnawm bakah a bengvarthlak hle. Hla leh Poetry thliar hran a harsat thu kan hmu a. Laltluangliana thu vuakthlak a sawi fiah bakah a duh khawp lohna lai kan hmu bawk.
Bung sawm pahnihah han kal ta dawr ila, History leh Literature danglamna min hlui a, tichuan, “Pa thenkhat inti fek-fawn deuh ten history leh literature an hriatpawl fo thin hi, comtemporary paltform atangin i pawm dam ang u. An thlir dan kan thiahsak thei dawn lo va, chuvangin an tel lo va kechheh zir hi kawng hahdam ber a ni” a ti.
Bung sawm pathumnaah hian Nationalism sawiin, “thliarkar rilru pu chunga mahni bil inhung khawm (integrity) duhna a hring a; a nau vei en in jingoism (mahni ram leh hnam tan hlurna), xenophobia (hnam dang leh ram dang mi hlauhna) leh chauvinism (mahni ram chhuang lutuka ram dang hmuhsitna)-te nen an inlaina hnai viauin a lang tel thei bawl” a ti a. Nationalism chawi nun tum chu duhthusam – utopian mai niin a ngai bawk.
Chip neuh neuh chuan chip tur a tam mai, lehkhabu hial khawr pum a tul hial zawk dawn avangin a tawp berah chuan, bung sawm palinaah hian MKH/Gay Literature min hrilhin Mizo thu leh hlaah leh Sap thu leh hlaa hetiang lam thil awm sawi fiahin a tar lang a, hetiang taka sawi fiahna leh zir chianna hi Mizo literature-a kan hmuh vawi khatna a ni hial mai thei. Hetiang lam hawi hi thu ziak thenkhata lang tel zauh a awm ngei ang; mahse, hetiang anga zir chianna ang hawi thu ziak hi chu Mizo huanga a vang ang.
‘Literature-ah thlir dan pakhat chauh a awm thei lo’ tih ziaktu lehkhabu piang nawn leh hi lo lei theuh u la, lo chhiar leh theuh bawk teh u.