- Mahmuaka Chhakchhuak
Colonial Administration tia sawi theih kum 1890 – 1947 chhungah khan Mizote nunphung a danglam nasa em em a. Kha Kumpinu awpna hnuaiah khan kan sakhaw rawngbawltute ngei pawhin khawvela thil tithei ber leh chak bera inngaihna thinlung nei chungin kan ram chhungah rawngbawlna an nei a nih kha. He lam hawi hian kan politician hmasa Ch. Saprawnga ngei pawhin a ziak a, midang dangte pawhin an ziak hlawm. India hmarchhak ngei pawh kan zavaiin mi awp a ni ber mai a; Garo Hills chu kum 1816 ah awp tanin an awp hmasa ber a, Arunachal Pradesh chu kum 1850 – 60 ah awp lehin Nagaland chu kum 1878 ah an awp tan bawkin Mizoram pawh kum 1889 ah min rawn awp tan a nih kha. Hetih chhungah hian Bawrhsap chi hrang hrang leh ze hrang hrang nei mi sawm thum chuang laiin min awpin, Kumpinu awpna hnuaia Bawrhsap hnuhnung ber chu Macdonald Sap niin kum 1947 June thlaah min chhuahsan a, India alo Independent takah chuan India sorkar hnuaia kan Bawrhsap hmasa ber atan LL. Peter chu niin Mizoram pum awp turin 1947 July thlaah a rawn thleng ve leh a ni.
A tirah khan Mizoram chu awp hlen min tum avangin chhim leh chhak atang mai niloin hmar lam atangtein thuang thumin min rawn run a, hmar lam atanga min rawn run tute phei chuan Aizawl tlangah kulh ‘Fort Aijal’ an rawn khuarin an awm chilh nghal nghe nghe a nih kha. Assam Province atanga rawn kal an nih avangin an ram lak hmar lam zawng chu Assam Province-ah beh tirin, Chief Commissioner enkawlna hnuaiah an dah a. Chutiang bawkin chhim lam atanga min rawn runtute pawh chuan Darzoah ‘Fort Tregear’ an siam a, Lunglei chu hmunpuia neiin min awp nghal bawk a. East Bengal atanga rawn kal an nih ang bawkin an ram lak chin zawng chu East Bengal-ah beh tirin Bengal Lieutenant Governor thuneihna hnuaiah dah a ni. Chutianga Mizoram thensawma awm chu kum 1898-ah Chin Lushai Conference-ah an khung khawm lehin Assam Chief Commissioner enkawlna hnuaiah a awmin a ram hming atan pawh LUSHAI HILLS DISTRICT vuah a ni.
Kum 57 min awp chhungah khan zalenna kan hlauh a, kan sakhaw biak dan thlengin tihdanglam a niin kan hnam zia rang (culture) thlengin nasa takin min thlak danglam sak a, min awptute (British) tihdan tam takte chu kan entawnin vawiin thlengin kan la entawn chhunzawm ta zel bawk a nih hi. Kum 1897-a North Lushai Hills leh South Lushai Hills-te suihfin a nih hmaa min awptu Bawrhsapte kha chu Political Officer tih an ni a, suihfin a nih hnuah erawh chuan Superintendent tih an ni ta thung a. Political Officer leh Superintendent hi keini chuan Bawrhsap tiin kan sawi ve ve a, Mizoram pumpui hi an awp vek a, Bawrhsap hnuhnung ber chuan kum 1947 June thlaah Mizoram min chhuahsan a ni. Hetiang bawk hian Zosap Missionary 62-te ngei pawh chuan Zoram chhung hmun hrang hrangah rawngbawlna an nei bawk a. Hmar lamah Missionary 37 in rawngbawlna an nei a, Zoram Chhim lamah Missionary 25-in rawngbawlna an nei thung.
Schedule District Act (XIV of 1874) angin British India hnuaia khung luh kan nihna pawh kum 1895 vel khan puan fel vek nghal a ni. Mizoram chu hmun hnihah thenin kum 1897 thleng khan Chhim lam chu Bengal Province lamah awmin, Hmar lam chu Assam Province lamah min dah a. Nimahsela a hnu lawk kum 1898 April ni khat chuan Assam Province lamah min khungkhawm leh ta a ni. Indian Penal Code (IPC) hi British India-a hman atan kum 1860-ah siam a ni a. Scheduled District Act 1874 (XIV of 1874)-a Section 5 thuneihna hmangin, IPC pawh chu kum 1898-ah Lushai Hills (Mizoram) an huamtir bawk. Kum 1912-a Bengal, Bihar, Orissa leh Assam ramri an siam khan Assam Province-ah keini Lushai Hills chu min beh ngheh tirin bial hnufual zual, mipui sawrkarna la nei phâk ve loa ngaih kan la nih avangin ‘Excluded Area’ ah min dah bik a.
Excluded Area tih hi chi hniha then a niin Partially Excluded (eng emaw chen chhung huam loh) tih leh Wholly Excluded (a pumpuia huam loh) tih a ni. Chung Partially Excluded Area tihte chu: Khasi and Jaintia Hills, Garo Hills, Mikir Hills te hi an ni a, Wholly Excluded Area huam chinte chu: Naga Hills, Manipur state leh Lushai Hills te hi an ni. (Source: THE EXCLUDED AREAS OF ASSAM – Sir. Robert Reid K.C.S.I., K.C.I.E). Tichuan Excluded Area chu Governor enkawlna hnuaia awm tura tih a ni a, Assam Governor chuan Bawrhsap (Superintendent) hmangin ro a rel thin a ni. Hetih laia Lushai Hills a Bawrhsap chu A.G. Mac. Call I.C.S a ni a, Oct. 21, 1931-ah Lushai Hills awp turin a rawn thleng a, Pa tawi lam deuh leh sa tha lam leh tawng duh deuh tak mi a ni.
Hetianga hneh taka min awp takah chuan min awptute hian an duh dan ang angin min hrual tih pawh a ni tih pawh hriat theih turin kan kut pawimawh leh hlut thin zawng zawngte pawh chu min thlauhthlak tir vek a. Zawlbuk culture ngei pawh min tih tawp sak bawk a. Khawtlangah lalin hneh taka rorelna fawng a chelh a, khawnbawlte nena kum 310 vel lai thuneihna an lo chelh tawhte chu min tihdanglam sakin a then min paih sak bawk a. Khatianga hnam dang chawhpawlh loh leh mahni hnam bila kum tam tak hun kan lo hman thin tawhna zawng zawng chu min rawn thlak danglam sak ta deuh vek a ni. He thil thlakthleng hi a tha lo e tihna erawh a ni kher chuang lo a, sakhuanna kawnga rahbi thar min rah tirte chu sawisel chi rual a ni lo ang. Chumi hnuah India-in rorelna hran a neih takah chuan kan Bawrhsapte ruahmanna chu tihdanglam a lo ni ta zelin Mizoram ngei pawh chu mumal lo tak leh kutbengin min chhuahsan a, khawtlang leh ram rorelnaah ngei pawh a bul atanga tan turin min hnutchhiah a nih kha.
Indiain zalenna a neih hma hian India ram chu Dominion pahnihah then a niin a zau zawk chu Hindu hoin an chang a, pakhat leh zawk chu Mosolman hoin an chang thung a. Kum 1947 atang erawh chuan Hindu ho chan hi a hming pangngai India tih chu chhawmin Mosolman chan lam, a zim zawk chu Pakistan tih hming an vuah a. Hetih rual hian India Map-a bet ve reng thin Burma pawh chu sahthlak fel a ni nghal a, East Bengal pawh an duhthlanna hmangin Pakistan lamah an bet a, Mizoram chu heng ram pathum inkarah hian tlazepin khawi ramah mah bet loin amalin a awm a ni. Heng ram pathumte hian an ram ro inrelna tur Danpui (Constitution) an duang nghal a, nimahsela Mizoram chu an Danpui huangchhungah chuan tute mah chuan an lo senglut tel hauh lo mai. Hetianga kan thenawm ram pathum – India, Pakistan leh Burma-te chuan an ram chhunga telvea min ngaih tak lohah chuan August 14, 1947 ah Bawrhsap L.L. Peter hoin Mizo mipui aiawhtute, Political aiawhte, Sipai bang aiawhte, Kohhran hrang hrang aiawhte, Young Lushai Association (YLA) aiawhte, Hmeichhe Tangrual Pawl aiawhte, an vaia mi 50-te chuan inkhawmna an neiin Mizoram awm dan tur chu ngaihtuahna an nei a nih nghe nghe kha.
Sawi kim sen a ni lo a, kum 57 chhung Kumpinu awpna hnuai kan awm leh India sorkar hnuaia Assam state chhunga District pakhat anga kan lo awm leh takah hian mizo mipuite chuan rahbi thar kan rap a, hma thar kan la a, khawtlangah leh ram rorelnaah thil thar kan hmachhawn mawlh mawlh mai a ni ber. Hetih hunlaia kan ram hruaitute lu kha a hai duh ngawtin a rinawm. Kum 310 chhung vel khawtlanga Lalin rorelna fawng an chelh reng thin chu kum 1954-ah tih tawp alo ni a, an aiah Village Council din alo nihah ngei pawh khan kan khawtlang nunphung chu a sawi nghing hle a nih kha.
Kum 1952-ah District Council hruaitu thlanna neih a niin hemi hma hian Mizoramah Political Party pahnih alo ding tawhin Mizo Union hi 6th April, 1946 ah a lo ding tawh a, United Mizo Freedom Organisation (UMFO, Zalen Pawl tih thin) pawh kum 1947 July 5th ah alo ding tawh bawk. Tichuan District Council hi Mizoram pumah seat 18 tura ruahman a niin seat 6 chu a ruata ruat tura tih a ni bawk a. Heng Party pahnihte hian chung seat 18-te chu an chuhin April. 5th 1952 ah Inthlanna neih a ni. Hetih lai hian Mizoram chu Cachar District nena Member of Parliament (MP) intawm tura tih a niin Mizoram bikah pawh MLA pathum thlang tura tih kan ni a. Chung MLA thlanna tur bial 3-te chu Mizoram pum bial turin Aizawl East Constituency, Aizawl West Constituency leh Lunglei Constituency-ahte then a ni.