- Lalnunmawia Pachuau
Environment & Forest humhalhna kawngah Mizoram pawh a ṭhangharh chho zel a, kan ram chhunga NGO te leh mi ṭhahnemngai ten Supreme Court leh National Green Tribunal-ah Mizoram chhunga ramngaw leh Environment humhalhna kawngah zualkona thu thlenin order ṭha tak tak an zu sualchhuak tawh ṭhin. Hei hian Mizoram sawrkar pawh kawng engkimah fimkhurna a pe chho ta a, a lawmawm hle.
Amaherawhchu, Environment & Forest Law kan tih te hi hmasawnna lo kal tur danna atana siam an ni lo a, Sustainable Development a thlen theihna tura siam an ni tih hi hre tel bawk ila. Mizoram chhunga Project lian tak tak lo kal tura harsatna kan tawh te hi ngun taka ngaihtuah a ngai a, Environment & Forest humhalh thupuia kan neih bur lai hian kan ram hmasawnna dâl tu leh mipui leh sawrkar tawrh let hrep theihna kawng hi ngun taka kan ngaihtuah tel ngai awm e.
Forest Clearance vanga Mizoram sawrkar chêtsual tawhna lo thlir ila:
Mizoramah Reserved Forest area engemawzat kan nei a, he’ng kan Reserved Forest area huamchhungah hian Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980-in a phût angin Forest Clearance nei lo chuan eng hna mah thawh phal a ni lo tih hi chu kan hre vek awm e. Hemi vang hian Tuirial Hydel Project-ah pawh a chîmpil tur ram pumpui (whole submergence area) kha Tuirial Reverine Reserved Forest (Tuirial RRF) huamchhung a ni tiin Mizoram Forest Department hnenah NEEPCO khan Forest Clearance an dilna ah Net Present Value (NPV) leh Compensatory Afforestation (CA) atan Vaibelchhe 24 chuang lai an pe a nih kha.
Hetih lai hian he Tuirial RRF huamchhungah hian Revenue Department leh VC lam ten Land Pass an lo issue ve ṭeuh mai si a, NEEPCO lakah Compensation an lo claim ve ta chat mai a. NEEPCO lam an lungawi thei ta lo a, “Project area hi Forest area in ti si a, Forest Department-ah Vaibelchhe 24 chuang kan pek tawh laiin ram neitu te hnenah hian Compensation kan pe double thei hleinem” an tih vang khan project a pamṭul ta tih kha kan hre vek awm e. Kum 2011, Congress ministry huna tharthawh (revive) a niha agreement an neihah compensation chu Mizoram Sawrkar pek tura inremna siam a ni ta a nih kha. Hemi vang hian Tuirial Hydel Project kaihhnawiha compensation chu Mizoram sawrkarin land owner te hnenah a pek a ngai ta a ni.
Tuirial Hydel Project chungchangah khan Forest Department khan Forest Clearance sum NPV leh CA atan Vaibelchhe 24 chuang an dawn lai khan an Department chu lawm viau in hlawk viau ah an inngai mai thei e. Khatih lai khan Mizoram sawrkar kha a hlawk reng reng lo. Mizoram sawrkarin Land owners te hnena compensation a pek let tur kha Vaibelchhe 100 chuang daih nia sawi a ni. Mipui sum tho kha land owner te hnenah Mizoram sawrkar khan a pêk let a ngai daih tho. Mizoram Sawrkar tan chuan hlêp aiah hloh (loss) hlang a ni..
Ram neitu te dikna chanvo (Constitutional Right) kan chhuhsak thei ngawt lo:
Reserved Forest area huamchhunga ram pass kan tih, Revenue Department-in a pekchhuah te hi Mizo District (Land Revenue) Act, 1956 kan tih te, Mizo District (Agricultural Land) Act, 1963, Mizoram (Land Revenue) Act, 2013 dan hnuaia pekchhuah te an ni. Village Council-in Lushai Hills (House Sites) Act, 1953 hnuaia a pekchhuah te an awm bawk. Autonomous District Council area-ah chuan an mahni Land Revenue Act hnuaiah pek chhuah an ni thung.
Revenue Land Pass neitu te hian dan ang thlapa chhiah (tax) an pek chuan “Right over the land” neiin an ram chhungah khan neitu chanvo, title/legal right an nei tihna a ni. Hetah hian an ram pass hi cancel sak an ni lo emaw, Court-in an ram hi Dan ni lova pek, awmze nei lo (null and void) a tihsak si loh chuan an legal right hi va chhuhsak ngawt theih an ni lo. Article 300A of Indian Constitution-ah chuan, “No person shall be deprived of his property save by authority of law” a tih tlat vangin India Danpui hian ram neitu te right hi a venghim tlat tih hi hriat a tha awm e.
Justices Indu Malhotra leh Ajay Rastogi te thutna Supreme Court Bench chuan, “Right to Property is a human right… The state cannot take possession of it without following due procedure of authority of law..” tiin January, 2020 khan a lo nemnghet nawn leh bawk. Hetiang hi ram neitu te dikna chanvo a nih vang hian ram neitu te hian Supreme Court thlengin an dikna chanvo hmuh tum hian an bei thin a, sawrkar tan namnul mai mai chi an ni lo tih hi hriat a ṭha awm e.
Mizoram Project lian NH 306 Vairengte to Sairang 4-Lane project buai mek te hi han thlir ila:
Kolasib tlangdung, Aizawl to Vairengte via Sairang khu RRF Notification (road side reserved notification) huam chhung a nih vangin tuna NH 306 4-Lane kal turah pawh hian Forest Clearance an demand leh mek tih sawi a awm a. NH 306 Vairengte to Sairang kawngkam khu mihring chênna hmun, in leh huan lo ram luahkhat vek hmun a ni tawh a. Revenue Department ten ram pass i.e., LSC, PP, Land Lease te an pe. Mahse tunah chuan ram neitu te Ram leh thlai te hi Forest Clearance hmanga chhuh luih an tum mek tihna a ni.
Hetiang hi thil awm dan a nih vang hian ram neitu te hian hun rei tak an lo inbenbelna in leh lo hlutna khu an hmu thei kher ang em tih zawhna a awm lo thei ta lo a. Kut bêngin an chhuahtir mai dawn nge, chhawmdawlna pe miah lovin an nêkchhuak zawk dawn? Forest Department lamin Forest Clearance an phût tlat si chuan Forest Clearance hmangin ram neitu te dikna chanvo an va chhuhsak lui dawn tihna a ni.
Tuirial Hydel project rambuai ang chiah khan rin lawk ang ngeiin NHIDCL lam ten, “Forest Department-ah Forest Clearance atan NPV leh CA sum kan pek chuan ram neitu hnenah land compensation kan pe thei tawh lo ang” tiin tan an khawh e an ti ve leh ta tlat mai si a. Hetiang a nih chuan land owner ten an right, land compensation an chán (loss) dawn tihna a ni. Mipui tawrhna a thlen hrep dawn ta tihna a ni.
Tunah hian Kolasib tlang dunga ram neitu te dikna chanvo hi Forest Clearance hmanga chhuhsak ni ta se, ram neitu hian ram leilung leh thlai hlutna chân khu an phal bik kher ang em? An ram leilung leh property hlutna claim-a an Constitutional Right venghim turin theihtawp an chhuahna kawngah Project pawh a pumṭul lo ang tih pawh a hlauhawm hlel ta lo ve..
Forest Department hian Road Side Reserved Forest area chin diktak hi an finfiah thei em?
Reverine Reserved Forest (RRF) Notification tia kan hriat lar kha 28th January, 1965 kuma District Council kan nih hun laia puan a ni tih kan hre vek awm e. Kha Notification khan Aizawl to Vairengte -via- Sairang kawng kam a huam tel a, hei hi Roadside Reserved forest area kan tih tak chu niin lui angin kawngpui alignment chu a nghet ve si lo a, hmasawnna hnathawh ruala a danglam ṭhin vangin kum 50 chhunga a danglamna ngaihtuah tel a ngai a ni.
Kum 1965 kuma Vairengte to Aizawl kawng hi a zau zawng te, alignment te a pangngai reng a nih tawh loh zia chu kan hre vek ang. Kawngpui pawh kum 1965 nena tehkhin chuan zau tak a ni tawh a, alignment pawh engemaw zat tihdanglam a nih tawh hnu hian Forest Department lam hian Road Side Reserved Forest area chin diktak, demarcation area hi chiang taka finfiahna leh boundary description felfai tak hi an nei em? Roadside reserved forest area chin diktak finfiahna record an neih loh chuan tuna Forest Clearance an demand hian khawi lai area chin nge a huam? Mahni area chin hre lova mimal rama Forest Clerance an va demand a nih chuan Dan dik lo hmangin mimal ram chhuhsak luih an tum tihna a ni.
Aizawl to Vairengte kawngkam hi hun rei tak ata mihring inbenbelna hmun leh huan leh thlai chinna hmun niin tunah chuan ramngaw, forest area tia chhal tur pawh a awm tawh bar lo a. Hetiang chiah hian Mamit District lamah Tut leh Langkaih ruam pawh khua leh tui ten an luahkhat thup tawh bawk.
Kum 1965 atanga vawiin ni thleng hian Forest Department hian an reserved forest area hi venhim leh humhalh hna an thawh hriat tur a awm loh lai karah hian Project lian lo kal dawnah Forest area ram an chuhna vang leh Forest Clearance-in a kentel sum lu an chuhna vangin Mizoram Lifeline ber kawngpui 4-Lane project hi pamtul thei dinhmunah a din phah ta a nih ber hi..
Ngaihtuah ngun a ngai e..
Ramngaw humhalhna kawnga kê kan pên lai hian ram mipui leh sawrkar-in kan tawrh let hrep theihna kawng te hi thlir tel ve tho a ngai a. Kum engemaw zat reserved forest area-a lo inbengbel tawh te hi Bûngpui anga zung kai nghetin an lo thanglian a, he’ng khua leh tui te dikna chanvo hi vawi leh khata Forest Clearance hmanga a zung chawpa kar phawhsak kan tumna hian mipui sang tamtak a ngawng theihna te hi thlir tel a a ngai a. Mizoram sawrkar ngeiin a tawrh leh theih dan hi kan hmuh phak a ngai.
Hun rei tak kan sawrkar lo hrawn tawh ten Reserved Forest area huamchhunga Land Pass i.e., LSC, PP, VC Pass, etc., tamtak an lo pek tawh te leh a chhunga khua leh tui sang tamtak lo inbengbel tawh te hi Dan anga hmalak a nih dawn chuan hnawhchhuah an ngai ngei ang. Mahse, Forest Department hian Reserved Forest area hi dan anga venhim hna hi kum 50 chuang a kalpui hriat tur a awm ngai loh vang hian reserved forest area palzutna (encroachment) pawh a nasa hle a, he encroachment nasa tak hi vawi leh khata chinfel nghal burh burh theih a nih lohzia chu a takin kan tawng chho ta a nih hi.
Kum rei tak Mizoram Sawrkar thil lo tihsual tawh leh chetsual tawhna te hai dera khua leh tui te dikna chanvo laksak zawnga hma lak vaka Forest Clearance demand bur bur te hi a dik ber em tih kan ngaihtuah a ngai a. Hemi piah lama pawimawh em em chu Forest Clearance dilna in a ken tel sum, CAMPA Fund-a lut te hi tangkai taka hman a ni reng em? He CAMPA Fund hmang hian Forest ram chhia te hi kan va compensate (tuam dam) leh em? Nge ho lam tak hian a lo ral mai mai thin zawk tih te pawh hi kan chîk ngun a ngai viau awm e..