- Angela Lalthanzuali; 4th Semester, M.A. Political Science, ICFAI University, Mizoram
Democracy ram engahpawh hian vote thlaktheihna hi chanvo mai ni lovin rorelna kalphung lungphum bul pui ber a ni. India ramah hian Right to Vote hian awmzia thuk tak a nei a, a constitution-a democracy thupuiber a lantir a ni.’Right to Vote’, ‘vote theihna dan’ tia hriat bawk hi ram mipuite hnena inthlanna kalpui danah an vote thlak a, an roreltu tur aiawh tur thlanchhuah theihna tura danpuiin a pek a ni. Mi puitling apiangin hnam chanvo siamtuah aw an neih theih nan a duan a ni.India ramah chuan Right to Vote hi a bul tanna chu Constitution-a thupek hrang hrangah a ni a, a bik takin Article 326 atanga 329 hnuaiah a awm a, Article 326 chuan a bik takin kum 18 chung lam, hnam, rinna, mipa leh hmeichhia, sakhaw hrang hrang thliar lovin, danin thil engemaw tih vanga a phalloh chu Vote thlaktheihna a pe a ni. India khua leh tui, kum 18 chung lam, danin a disqualified loh chuan a Right to Vote a hmang thei ang. Hei hian mi huapin mimal tin te chu an khawtlang leh sum leh pai din hmun thliar lovin, democracy kalphungah an thawhhlawk theihnan chakna pek a tum a ni. India rama vote thlak dan hi secret ballot system hmanga kalpui a ni. Vote thlak theiturte chuan vote thlakna hmun ruatbikah Electronic Voting Machine (EVM) hmangin emaw, ballot paper hmangin emaw hmangin vote an thlak thin a ni. Election Commission of India, autonomous constitutional thuneihna chuan inthlanna kalphung zawng zawng a enkawl a, dik tak leh langtlang takin a kalpui thin a ni.
India ramah hian Right to Vote hi Right dang te aia pawimawh zawk hiala ngaih a ni a, chuvangin Constitutional right a ni bawk a ni. Constitution-ah hian dikna bulpui (fundamental right) anga chiang taka sawi a nih loh laiin, Right to Equality, Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression leh Right to Life te ang chi fundamental rights framework (dikna chanvo bulpui) zau zawkah chuan a langsar hle. Chubakah, Constitution chuan he dikna hi mipui tin te hnenah a tichiang a, constitutional mandate a ni ta a ni.
Village/Local Council inthlanna pawh kan lo hmachawn leh ta reng mai a. Lushai Hills District (Village Councils) (Amendment) Act 2014 a Section 3 sub-section (7) hnuaia thuneihna pekah chuan Rule 3 sub-rule (1) leh Mizoram (Election to Village Councils) Rules, 2014, the State Election Commission, Mizoram a Rule 37 ah chuan Aizawl, Lunglei, Serchhip, Champhai, Mamit, Kolasib, Saitual, Khawzawl leh Hnahthial District chhunga Village Council Constituency zawng zawng te Village Council member te 12th February, 2025 (Nilaini) a thlang turin a ngen a ni.
He hunah hian eng ang mi nge kan vote dawn le? Village/Local Council inthlannaah hian thenawmte, hmelhriat tha te leh mahni chhungkhat laina te duhsakna a na thei khawp mai a, a that pawh a tha hle a, mahse heng inthlannaah hian keimahni tana ding tur anni tih hre rengin mahni hmelhriat tha te vote mai lova; pa rawn tlak ve tak an ni em? Thil reng reng dik taka ti mi an ni em? tih te chhut ve a tha hle a. Mihring hi kan mize diktak kan thup thiam em em thin a, tin, mi tha leh dik em em a kan ngaih te hi kan thlan tlin ve pawhin a hnuah kan rin ang hi an lo ni lo leh thin a, mahni hamthat nana tanghma hai thiam tak, zah pawh dawn lova thil dik lo a ni tih hriat em em tih mai hreh lo an lo ni leh mai zel a, chuvang chuan hruaitu thlan te hi sumdawnna ang ani a risk lak a ngai thin ani. Kan thil lei dawnah moile phone ani emaw pen ani emaw a that leh that lohna kan teh kual nasa thin a, kan veng kan ram hruaitu turte kan thlan dawn hian candidate te kha kan tana ding a kan buaina leh harsatna te min sut kian sak thei turin kan ring tawk em tih te teh kual ve phawt thin ila, electronics kan lei dawna a specification (hmanna) kan zir chian peih ang hian an mizia leh nundan te han zir chiang peih ila kum 5 chhunga min hruai turin an tling tawk em tih lo chhut ve te hi kan tih tur pawimawh tak a ni.
Tin, inthlan ni hrim hrim hian sawrkar hian chawlh a puang thin a, heng hun te hi a hmanna tur bera hmang lova lo hmang tangkai thiam bik an lo awm thin a. Nikum lamah pawh Aizawl Municipal Corporation (AMC) Ward-VI by-election kan hman zawh takah hmelhriat thate vote thlak lova class picnic a lo intihhlim nana hmang ta daih te an awm a tin thianhova rama lo kal ta daih te pawh an awm bawk a. Heng hun thate hi vote thlak lova thil dang tih nana hman hi a uiawm em em ani tih hria ila, zing hma tak atangin vote hi a thlak tan theih ani tih hriain hun insiamin vote kan thlak ve hram thin dawn nia. Kan hun a hlut ang bawk hian kan vote pakhat lek hian nasa takin a result-ah nghawng a nei thei ani tih hre reng bawk ila rokhawlhna a awm te anihloh chuan vote thlak ve hram thin bawk ila. Tin, tun hma te khan vote lei leh hralh te kha a hluar thin em em a, tun hnuah chuan a reh ta deuh emawni sawi a awm vak tawh lova, an ching tawh lo anih ring ta ila, kan vote neih hi India danpui hian Indian citizenship nei kum 18 tling tawh zawng zawng hnenah mi pakhat tan vote khat vek nei turin a duang a, kan vote neih hi nunna angin mi pakhat hnenah pakhat chiah pek kan ni a, a hlut zia hriain tumah hian hralh lo ila. He kan vote neih hi kan Right (dikna), kan ram leh hnam min hruai a min khaiding tura thlan ve theihna chanvo kan neih ve ani a, kan hralh anih chuan mahni dikna chanvo hralh kan ni dawn ani a chuvang chuan a hlutna hriain tuma hnenah hralh lo ila tin lei tumtu te pawh thlang reng reng lo bawk ila tichuan dik tak leh fel taka inthlan kan hmachhawn theih ngei i beisei ang.