- Zoliansanga Tlau
Science chu
‘Science’ tih hi latin tawng ‘Scientia’ tih atanga lak – hriatna, thiamna (Knowledge) tihna niin, “Awmze nei taka thil zirna huang eng pawh, emaw, thil eng emaw, nihna hriat tuma, tih chhinna, ngun taka zir chianna leh thutawp siama a hmawrbawkna hmanga thil eng emaw, tisa khawvel leh kalphung emaw nihnate chungchanga sawifiahna rintlak neih” (The Hutchinson, Dictonary of Science, 1995, p. 523) tih a ni a. A. Sawihlira paw’n, “Science zirnain a tum pakhat chu chik tak leh uluk taka thil ngaihtuah thinna hi a ni a. Hemi nei thei tur hian kawng a awm a, chu chu a lam tawiin EOD an vuah a, E chu Experiment tihna a ni a, tiha tih chhinna hi a ni a, O chu Observation a ni a, ngun taka thil thlir leh en chianna a ni a, tin, D chu Deduction tihna a ni, thutawp sawina leh thil nih dan sawi chhuahna hi a ni” (A. Sawihlira, Finna Kailawn, Third Print – 2014, p. 7) tiin a ziak bawk. Dr. P.C. Biaksiama khan “Science chu thil dik tak hmuh theih a tarlang a, chawh chhuah theih, finfiah theih thil zirna hi a ni” a tih leh “Science chu thu dik zawn chhuahna a ni” (Bible leh Science – Vol – I, Revised and Enlarged 2007, p.2 & 3) a ti a. Dr. Krista Roluahpuia pawhin, “Engkim, mita kan hmuh theih leh theih loh, kan suangtuahna khawvel zawng zawng siamtu hi Pathian a nih miau avangin chumi zirchianna science pawh hi ringtute’n kan ngaihven a pawimawh ka tia” (Science leh Kristianna a indo em?, December, 2024, p.11) a tih hian science chuan, “Engkim, mita kan hmuh theih leh theih loh, kan suangtuahna khawvel zawng zawng” a zir chiang a ni tih a hriat theih. Dr. P.C. Biaksiama vek khan “Kan taksa hriatna chi nga ten an hriat a, an hmuh a, an tem atanga an tarlan theih chinte chu…a tawi zawngin science chu hmuh theih thilah a innghat thung” (BS, p. 4) a tih chu K. Lalchhandama’n a pawmpui lo hle a ni ang, “A hming chauh tal pawha science huanga baptisma changtlak lo, science-a hmethai chem bila bil tih tichiang tur tawk fangin, ‘ Kan taksa hriatna chi nga ten an hriat a, an hmuh a, an tem atanga an tarlan theih chinte chu…a tawi zawngin science chu hmuh theih thilah a innghat thung’ (p. 4) tiin zirtirna bulthum a’n hawng phawt a, a zirlaite chu an fail chiang ngawt ang. Tunge atom hmu tawh? Tunge quark lo hrual mum? Tunge hydrogen bond lo zai chat? Tunge DNA lo phiar chhin tawh? ban han phar huk teh u. Tumah reng an awm lo, pakhat te mah. Science chuan hmuh theih leh theih loh te, finfiahna leh tanchhan (evidence) ziktluak tak hmangin a chhui chhuak mai a ni” a ti a (Science Vision 7(3), July – September, 2007, 90-95: Bible leh Science Bihchianna Hmasa). Prof. Zaithanzauva Pachuau pawhin “Science chuan khawvela thil awm, eng emaw dan (law) mumal takin a thunun chu hypothesis, experiment, data, evidence, modified hypothesis, theory, prediction, explanation leh a dangte hmangin sawifiah a tum a” (Hringnun Zawhna Ril: Pathian a awm nge awm lo?, 2015, p.27) tiin a sawi bawk.
Rev. Dr. Ramengliana chuan science nihphung (philosophy of science) chungchang sawiin, ‘Rational Realism’ chuan, “Scientific law te hi thudik emaw, thudik anga pawm theih hnai ber emaw a ni a; Science chuan thutak zawngin, leilung leh khawvel hi a nihna anga puanchhuah a tum mai a ni”. ‘Rational Nonrealism’ chuan,”Science hian thil nih dan dik tak a phawrh chhuak zo bik lo va, a thil sawi ang diak diak hi a nih dan a ni chuang lo, a landan hnai ber a sawi mai a ni” tih leh ‘Nonrational Nonrealism’ chuan, “Science pawh hi ngaihdanin a kaihhruai a ni a, theory inkalhte hi suihrem theih a ni lo va, tan bik nei lo va ngaih Science thuneihna pawh hi a buaipuitu pawl (Scientific community) thua kal deuh mai a ni”(Hringnun Zawhna Ril: Pathian a awm nge awm lo?, 2015, p.49 & 50) a ti a. J.P. Moreland-a chuan scientism sawiin, (Science chu thil nihna dik tak hriatna hnar awmchhun leh tisa khawvel leh kalphung pawh science hmang chauha hriat dik theih nia pawmna), Strong scientism chuan ” Science pawnah thudik a awm thei lo va, a lo awm a nih pawhin thudik a ni tih pawmna tur chhan a awm lo” tih leh weak scientism chuan,”Science pawnah thudik a awm a remti a, science hmang kher lo pawhin chhia leh tha hriatna fim hmanga thil thenkhat dika pawm theih a ni” tih rinna leh pawmna a awm thu a sawi (If God Made the Universe Who Made God?, Reprint – 2009, p.189). Dr. Krista Roluahpuia pawh khan Science innghahna Mathematics chungchang sawiin, “…mathematics pawh hi dik lo ve thei, kan mita kan hmuh zawng zawng a rintlak loh ang chiah hian a rintlak bur lo tihna a nih chu. Mahse, kan mitin, kan bengin thudik famkim (truth) kan tih chu kan hre thei tho si a ni. Chutiang chiah chuan mathematics pawh hi Pathianin khua rel kal phng a din dan leh ruahman dan va hriat chian nan, leh Amah pawl nan kan hmang dawn tihna a nih chu. I mita Pathian thu i chhiarin Pathian i pawl thin, i benga Pathian fakna hlate i nghahthlak khan i danglam thin. Chutiang chuan mathematics hmanga Pathian thilsiam ropuizia i hriat thiam khan, Amah nen inpawlna thianghlim i nei ve tihna a ni” (p. 196) a ti bawk.
Literature chu
‘Literature’ tih thumal hi Latin tawng ‘littera’ atanga lak niin lehkhathawn tihna a ni a. Chuta tang chuan ‘literatus’ a lo piang leh a, lehkha thiam, lehkha lama hriatna tihna a ni a, chuta tang chuan ‘litteratura’ a lo piang chhawng leh a, hawrawp hmanga thuziak leh tawng dik zirna tih lam hawi niin, French tawng ‘litterature’ tih nena zawmin Saptawng thumal ‘literature’ tih chu kum zabi 14-na atang khan sengluh tan niin, kum zabi 19-na atanga awmze neia hman tan a ni awm e (Dr. Laltluangliana Khiangte, Thuhlaril: Literary Trends & Mizo Literature, chhut li-na – 2006, p.11).
JF Laldailova chuan literature chu, “thu leh hla phuah mawi, tawng chi khata thu phuah zawng zawng, thil chi khat chanchin thlur bingna kawnga thuziak awm zawng zawng” (English – Lushai Dictionary, 15th Reprint – 2005, p.311) tiin a hrilhfiah a. Siamkima chuan, “Literature chu thu eng pawh, mihring nun nena inlaichinna nei chi, hun rei tak chhung hlutna nei tura fel fai leh tha taka ziak hi a ni…Literature chu mihring ngaihtuah chhuah leh siam chhuah thil mawi (man-made beauty) zinga pakhat a ni” (Zalenna Ram, Fourth Edition -2016, p.2) tiin a ziak bawk a. Dr. Laltluangliana Khiangte chuan, “Literature (Thu-leh-hla/Thuhlaril) chu mihring rilru leh ngaihtuahna, lunglen zawng leh vei zawng thu eng pawh hringnun nena inlaichinna nei, awmze kumhlun nei tur chia mawi taka thuziak hi a ni” (p.12) a ti a, hei hi ‘Pure Literature’ hrilhfiahna a nih thu a ziak bawk. Amah vek hian General taka literature hrilhfiahna sawi telin, “Eng thu pawh ziaka awm reng reng, ziak dan leh a chhung thu awm dan pawh thlei dang chuang lovin, eng chanchin leh eng chungchang emaw leh eng thil emaw pawh ziaka dah tawh phawt chu literature tiin a sawi mai theih” (p.12) a ti a. Hei hi H. Laldinmawia chuan, “Applied Literature” tia sawi a nih thu a ziak.
Mahse, Dr. C. Lalawmpuia Vanchiau chuan Siamkima leh Dr. Laltluangliana te’n literature an hrilhfiahna chu duh khawp lovin, Dr. Laltluangliana hrilhfiahna phei khi chu amah leh amah inkalh deuhin a hre hial a. “Heng ‘min tinguitu te, lungngaihna leh mangan rukna te’ hi kan ‘chhui zau leh chhui thuk apiangin [k]an hlimpui lehzual’ thei meuh em?…Literature kan hrilhfiahin a mawina, a duhawmna, a thatna, kan la binga, a lehlama ‘thil awm tel ve’ hlamchhiah thakin kan romanticised ta thin a. A chang leh uar takin Christian literature pawh ni lo kan Christianised thul. Hei hian mi tam tak a hmina, literature hi kawng khat chauh nein an ngai tawh thin.A tir phat atanga literature kan hrilhfiahin a duhawmna lam chauh kan la vawng a, a hnukhawiah a thim lam kan pawt lut leh lo thei si lo va. Hei hi ennawn a ngai khawp mai. Literature-ah ‘a eng lam’ leh ‘a thim lam’ dinhmun a intiat chiah…A thlum chauh hi literature a ni bik ngawt lo” a ti a. Siamkima thuvuakthlak pawh, “nger lam neiin sir khat chauh a sentimentalised avang hian, a famkim lohna lai a lang nghal bawk…Chuti anga ‘literature chu mihring ngaihtuah chhuah leh siam chhuah’ a nih si chuan a ngaihtuah chhuaktu, chu mihring dinhmun chhe lutuka ding mek – siam thar ngai, beidawng, ngui, hlim lo – a dinhmun khirh khan tak mai, ‘man-made beauty’ ni lo zawng chu ziakin dah ila literature a ni ve thei tho dawn lawm ni? Literature-in kut dinglam a neih si chuan kut vei lam pawh neih ve awm tak” (Tapchhak Theory: Essay & Criticism, 2011, p. 20 -23) tiin a ziak bawk.
Science leh Literature chu
Subjectivism an tih “thil nihna aia a hretuin a hriat dana sawi” a awm a. Hei mi thuep chiah objectivism an tih “a hretu hriatna ni lo va, thil ama nihna atanga sawi” (Dictionary of Theological Terms, 2017, p. 257) a awm bawk. H. Laldinmawia chuan, “Science subject-ah chuan thil (object) hian nihphung nghet tak a nei a, chu thil chu a thlirtu (subject) a danglam pawhin nghet takin a dinhmunah a ding reng mai thin. Chutih lai chuan art subject-ah chuan thil (object) nihna hi amah (object) aiin, a thlirtu (subject)-ah a in nghat nasa zawk a, a object ngai reng pawh a thlirtu thlir dan a zirin a danglam fo thin a ni…science chu objective hle a, literature chu a subjective thung a ni” (Literature Lamtluang: Classical to Compemporary Literary Theory and Criticism: An Introduction, Third Edition – 2020, p.21) a ti. Prof Zaithanzauva Pachuau chuan, “Science hian thlir dan pawm bik a nei lo va, chumi khami thlir dan chu pawm tur a ni a tingai lo va; mihringin kan thlir dan kan lo neihsa kha Science-ah kan seng lut zawk thin a ni. Genetics zirna lama lar tak, atheist ni bawk, Richard C. Lewontin-a chuan materialism hi miin thupuiah an neih tawh chuan Science hian thuawih harsa leh dik hlel deuh pawh sawi mah se, a lamah an tang zel tih a sawi” (Hringnun Zawhna Ril, p.52 & 24 – 25) a ti a. Science hi a tlangpuiin objective niin a ngaih theih a; mahse, objective hlang chu a ni lo, subjective a nihna lai pawh a awm tel tih kan hriat a tha ang. Dr. C. Lalawmpuia Vanchiau khan Zikpuii pa thuziak, “Pawihchhia intih te, Chawngthu lungken er ur mai, intih te, Khiangte lulawkho intih emaw, Ralte vahai la ang mai, bengchheng intih te leh tawng huatthlala tak tak chu an lo ching a ni. Kan nunphung a lo nih miau si chuan kan literature-ah chuan a chuang ve ngei tur a ni. Chuti a nih loh chuan kan literature a kim thei lo vang” tih chungchang a sawinaah, “Hei hian literary content-a inhnialna awm fo ‘subjective’ leh ‘objective’ chungchang a hril thui hle” (Tapchhak Theory, p.22) a ti a. Literature pawh hi a tlangpuiin subjective a ni a; mahse, objective pawh a ni tel tho tih a hriat theih.
Dr. KC Vannghaka chuan, “Science tawngkam chu chik tak leh ngun taka thil ngaihtuahna (thought)-ah a innghat ber a; chutih laiin literature chu phurna (emotion)-ah a innghat ve thung a…amaherawhchu science hi ngaihtuahna (thought)-ah lawng lawngah a innghat pumhlum lo va, phurna (emotion)-ah thui tak a innghat ve tho va, literature angin phurna hian hmun a chang tam lo mai chauh a ni. Chutiangin literature pawh hi phurnaah chauh innghat a ni lo va, ngun taka thil ngaihtuahnaah hian a innghat ve tho va, ngaihtuahna tak tak tel lovin literature hi a piang ngawt bik lo. A thu kalpui danah phurna hian hmun a chang tam deuh zawk tihna mai a ni bawk” (Literature Zunzam, 2014, p. 159) tiin a ziak a. “Science tawngkam” tiha “tawngkam” tih lo tel hian a tibuai deuh tlat a. Literature tawngkam pawh chik tak leh ngun taka thil ngaihtuahna (thought)-ah a innghat bve dawn tho lo’m ni. Thil eng pawh ti dawn ila ngaihtuahna hman a ngai a, thil nihna tak hre tur leh, literature tha, thu ziak tur pawhin ngaihtuahna hman ngei ngei a ngai tih kan hre theuh ang. Chu ngaihtuahna chuan phurna min pe chawp thei a, phurna avangin ngaihtuahna kan nei thei bawk. ‘Emotion’ hrilhfiahna hi kan buaina ber zawk a ni ang, “phurna” tih aiin, “thinlunga vei dan, thinlung deh dan” (JF Laldailova, p. 176) tih ni ta zawk se, ’emotion’ hrilhfiahna a phawchhuak zawk mai thei. Dr. C. Lalawmpuia Vanchiau-in, “Romanticism ziarang thenkhat chu;
i) Civilization [hnam fing/nihna] aiin nature [leilung dan kalhmang, thilsiam],
ii) Reason [chhia leh tha hriatna, rilru fimna] aiin imagination [ngaihtuahna, suangtuahna],
iv) Logic [chhia leh tha hriatnaa thil chhut thiamna] aiin emotion/feeling [thinlunga hnathawh vei],
v) Science [finna, thiamna] aiin intuition [rilrua thil zawmze hmuh tlang thiamna]…A tawi zawnga sawi chuan ‘reason’, ‘logic’ leh ‘science’ hi ‘thought’ atanga piang a ni” (Tualchher Criticism, p. 113) a tih angin Dr. KC. Vannghaka literature sawi khi, ‘literature’ chhunga ‘Romanticism’ a nih hmel hle.
H. Laldinmawia chuan, “Science chuan thutak (reality) leh suangtuahna (imagination) a thliar hrang a, idea leh concept chu reality a nih theihna a zawng… literature chuan reality leh imagination hi a kal kawppui a, hmuh theih loh, a tak awm lo thlengin a leng. Science chuan thil nihna a chhui a, a finfiah a, literature chuan a lan dan bak a luh chilh thuk meuh lo” (Literature Lamtluang, p. 21 & 22) a ti a. Dr. KC Vannghaka pawhin, “Literature erawh chuan heng science lam atanga thil zir chhuahnate hi mausam chuang hauh lovin thil hi a lan dan ang atangin a mawizia leh a hlutzia a tar lang ve thung thin. Leilunga thilnung chi hrang hrangte hi eng vanga lo awm nge, nge atana tangkai nge a nih lam chhui ve si se lovin chumiin mihirng nun a tihhlimna lam kha a tar lang mai thin a ni.” (Literature Kawngpui, 2010, p.25 & 26) a tibawk.