- K. Remruatfela
Alexandrapore thingpui huan run a nih hun lai hian Serchhip hmunah Bengkhuaia farnu, Lalrumi a lal a. A lal hun chhung hi kum 1865 – 1880 bawr vela hriat a ni. Kum 15 chhung vel chu Serchhip khua hi a awp hmanin a lang. Lalrumi Serchhip hmuna a lal lai hi Bengkhuaia ropui vanglai tak a ni a. Sailam hmun atangin khaw sarih (7) lai a awp khawm a. Chung a khaw sarih (7) awp zingah chuan Kawlri Tlang pawh hi a tel a ni.
Kâwlri hmun hi a lal ram chhung a nih avangin Bengkhuaia hian khaw thar kaiin rei tak a awm chilh a.[ T. Sena Ralte, Bengkhuaia sal atangin zalenna ramah (Aizawl: RS Drug Store, 2011), 57 ] Bengkhuaia`n Kawlri hmun a luah lai hian Serchhip hmunah erawh a farnu Lalrumi a lal thung tih hi Serchhip pa ngeite pawh khan an lo hre fuh tawk lo thin niin a lang. Bengkhuaia hi engtiklaimahin Serchhip lal a ni ngai lo! Nimahsela, kan hriat tur chu Lalrumi hi nula mai a la nih avangin lalna leh thuneihna tak tak erawh a nutapa, Bengkhuaia hian a chang vek thung. Hetih hunlaia Lalrumi khua leh tui leh an thlah kal zelte chu tuna Serchhip mi te hi an ni hlawm a. Kawlri hmuna awm te ho erawh an thlah kal zelte chu tun thleng hian Sailamah an la awm hlawm thung a ni tih hi kan hriatchian a pawimawh hle.
Alexandrapore thingpui huan run anih hun laia Bengkhuaia pasaltha hmingthang tak an sawi thin chu Pasaltha Thanghleia a ni a. Sai 13 leh Savawm 5 lai a kaphlum a ni. A thlah kal zelte hi vawiin thleng hian Sailamah hian an la awm hlawm a. Nimahhsela, amah Pasaltha Thanghleia thlan erawh nikum lawk khan Kawlri hmunah hian hmuhchhuah a ni thung. Chu ringawt pawh chuan Zoluti lak let a nih laia Kawlri hmuna khua leh tuite chu tuna Sailam hmuna chengte hi an ni tih a finfiah chiang hle awm e!
James Winchester thata, a fanu Zoluti rawn hawntu Pasaltha Chawma erawh Serchhip lal, Lalrumi Pasaltha a ni thung a. A dam laia a inhmun hi vawiin thleng hian Serchhip khawhluiah hmuh theiha la humhalh a ni. A thlan erawh hmuh zawh a ni tawh lo. A u fapa leh a rokhawmtu, Dolenga thlan erawh Serchhip khawhluiah hian hmuh tur a la awm. Ni 27 January, 1871-a Alexandrapore thingpui huan run a nih tum khan Zoluti rual hian sal dang, a hnua Kawri an tih zui tak rawn hawn tel a ni a. Ani erawh lak let ni ve tawh lovin Serchhip tlangval Suakpuia chu pasalah a nei zui thuai a. A thlah kal zel te pawh vawiin thleng hian Serchhip Vengchungah thahnem tak an la awm.
Pasaltha Chawma thlahte hian Pasaltha Chawma in hmun chu Kawlri-ah awmin Zoluti chu thla 3 a kawl hnuah Bengkhuaia hnen Sailamah a va dah pheia tiin an ziak thin a.[ Pasaltha Chawma Chanchin by Lianhmingthanga, 2001 (Unpublished)] Chutiang chiah bawk chuan ziaktu dang dangte pawhin Pasaltha Chawma hi Kawlri-a awm thin angah an ziak chho ta zel a. Nimahsela, Pasaltha Chawma In hmun leh a rokhawmtu, Dolenga thlan te pawh Kawlri ni lo, Serchhip khawhluiah zawk vawiin thleng hian hmuh tur a la awm reng si a. Hei hian Mizo Historian leh Serchhip pa te mai bakah Zoluti man tu, Pasaltha Chawma laichin la kal zelte pawh hian Serchhip leh Kawlri hi an lo hriatpawlh nasa thin hle tih min hriat chhuah tir thei awm e.
Han sawi zel ila, Zoluti lak let lehna hmun chungchanga thu inchuh hi Zoluti la let leh tura sipai rual zinga rawn tel ve, ‘Luhshai Hills Survey Party’ te hian an chingfel chiang hle kan ti thei ang. Sipai rual, Right Column 1871 – 1872 ruala kal tel ve, Survey Party, Major MacDonald ho zinga mi, Capt. Tanner, EC Barret leh GH Cooke ten Lushai ram thenkhat an tehna ‘Chart of Triangulation’ map chu Survey General of India, Col. HL Thuillier`an a hnu lawkah a ti chhuak a. He Survey of India map-ah hian Sailam hi Sailam HT tiin an ziak a. (HT tih hi ‘Hill Tract’ emaw ‘Hill Top’ emaw tihna a ni ang.) Kawlri awmna hmun lai bawr erawh ‘Benkuya VL Mound’ tiin a thai lung kulh thung a.[ He ‘Chart of Triangulation’ Map hi Pu Lalfakzuala (MCS) in Mumbai Archive atangin a zu hai chhuak a. A zirchiang duh tan hmuh theih tura vawn that a ni.] (Hei hi a awmzia chu ‘Bengkhuaia awmna khua’ tihna a nih hmel.) He Survey of India Map “Chart of Triangulation” atang hian Zoluti lak let a nih hunlaia Bengkhuaia khua kha KAWLRI hi a ni tih a hriat theih a ni.
Eng vangin nge Mizo mipui thinlungah hian Bengkhuaia tih leh Sailam tih hi a inzawm tlat kan tih chuan Bengkhuaia ropui vanglai, sang khua a din tih hiala an sawi thin hunlai kha Bengkhuaia`n Sailam a awp lai a ni a. A lal ram zau zelin khaw sarih (7) lai a awp kawp a. Chung zingah chuan Kawlri hmun pawh hi a tel a ni tih kan tarlan tawh nghe nghe kha! Chuvangin, Bengkhuaia hi Mizo mipui thinlungah Sailam tih hian a fiah em em a. Engtikahmah nawh reh a ni tawh lo ang. Kawlri hmuna Mary Winchester lak let a nih hnu lawkah khan sap hovin phuba an rawn lak hlauvin Bengkhuaia chuan a khua leh tuite chu Sailamah a pem chhoh pui leh ta a. Chutia rei tak Kawlri hmun a ram hnuah Bengkhuaia fapa, Kamlova chuan Kawlri hmunah hian Bawk khawh turin a chho leh a. Nimahsela, Kamlova chuan rei a awm hmain kum 1897 velah khan Thenzawl hmunah tlang hran a zuk din leh ta daih a. Chutia, an lal berin a pem san takah chuan, Serchhip lal chuan Kawlri chu Serchhip tlang atangin a awm kawp ta a.[ Lalmuana, “Serchhip khaw chanchin”, in Entlang, edited by Thanghmingliana (Aizawl: Serchhip Vengchung Branch YMA, 1998), 19
] Khua leh tuite pawh in fin chhovin chuta tang chiah chuan tun hmaa Sailam ram chhung ni thin, Kawlri hmun chu Serchhip ram chhung a lo ni hlen ta a ni.
Kum 1900 hnulama kan pi pu ten an hriat theih chinah Kawlri hmun hi Serchhip ram chhung a lo nih tawh avang hian hun hmasa zawkah Kawlri hi Sailam lal ram chhung a lo ni thin tih hi Mizo Historian leh Serchhip Pa ngeite pawh hian an lo hre fuh thin lo niin a lang a. Kum 1872 hun lai history chhuinaa Serchhip leh Kawlri kan lo sawi pawlh a, Sailam kan lo sawi hran fo thin avangin a tul lovah kan lo buai mai mai thin ni te pawhin a lang. Zoluti lak let a nih hun lai kha chuan Serchhip leh Kawlri hi khua leh tui hran neiin khaw hrang daih a la ni a. Kawlri hmuna mihring lo awmte kha tuna Sailam mi tam tak te an ni a. Serchhip hmuna khua leh tuite erawh tuna Serchhip mi tam tak thlahtute hi an ni thung tih hi lo hre chiang fak tawh ila chuan he Zoluti lak let lehna inchuh hi a awm lo ang tih a rin theih.
Mingote erawh an lo ti khip khep deuh bik thin niin a lang a. Hnam dang zinga Zoluti lak let lehna hmuna a khaw hming nen ngeia chiang faka ziaktu hmasa ber chu kan Zosap Missionary, Pu Buanga kha a ni. Baptist Missionary Archive, London atangin Rev. Dr. C.L Hminga`n Pu Buanga ziak “The Whilom Head Hunter” chu kum 1976 khan a rawn hawn a. Chutah chuan Zoluti lak let leh a nih dan chu chiang takin a inziak a. Sailam ti-a khaikhawm tawp lovin, Sailam lal ram chhunga khuate a thliar sin zel a. KAWLRI hming pawh hi a ti lang thlap a ni. Hetiangin –
It was the month of January 1871, perched on the summits of the forest covered mountain ranges of Lushai land, the villages of the hardy hill folk lay bathed in the earm winter sunshine. In one of them, KAWLRI by name, close to the now well know Serchhip peak, the babel of human voices blending with the monotous sound of dirge-like song, sung to the accompainiment of gong and drum, proclaimed the fact that a big drinking party was in progress. At this gathering the final arrangement for a long project head-hunting expedition to the far off tea garden of Cacar were being discussed” (Kum1871- a Kawlri paho zing nilum ai chu hla lung-kuai sain an zu an in a. Thingpui huan run thu tawp an rel a ni.)
We must now return to mary, living in a happy contentment in the heart of the Lushai Hills at KAWLRI village while away in the far north eat and in the less remote south-west dusky British troops are hecking their painful way through the forest to effect her rescue, every step opposed by bands of hardy and determined hillmen. (Kawlri khua a Zoluti lungawi taka a awm chu la chhuak turin sap sipaite chu dodalna tam tak karah an kal a.)
The friendly chief of Rothangpuia and Subedar of the frontier battalion were chosen for the task. Rothangpuia turned up so unexpectedly at KAWLRI village that bright January day. He did not find it difficult to pursue the Chief Bengkhuaia that it would be wise of him to release Mary Winchester, and every other captives under his jurisdiction as quickly as possible. (Zoluti la let tur chuan Rothangpuia leh Subedar an ruat a. Rin loh takin Kawlri khuaah kalin Bengkhuaia chu tlang taka Zoluti leh sal man dangte chhuah mai chu a finthlak ber ang tiin an hmin thei a).[ Rev. JH Lorrain, The Whilom Head Hunters, (London: Baptist Missionary Society, 1946), 1,6,8 & 10.]
Hemi bakah hian Zoluti la lettu, Lt. Col. Thomas Lewin chuan a autobiography ‘A Fly on the Wheel’ tihah chuan hetiang hian a lo ziak bawk a:
On the 15th. The General sent out two reconnoitering parties: one under Major Macintyre, which returned after some hours with full information as to the roads and passes northwards; the second party, under Captain Battye, went east, and soon after sent back a messenger to the General, reporting of which was barred by large bodies of armed Lushais. Were they force the passage or not? The General ordered the party to return, and sent me down to parley with the enemy. I found the ford guarded by Benkuias men, that being the direct road to the Chiefs village. I bade them go and fetch their chiefs quickly, and that I would be personally responsible for their safety.[ Thomas Lewin, A Fly on the Wheel, (Calcutta: FIRMA KLM Pvt. Ltd, 1977), 281 & 282, Reprint
] (Thenzawl hmar lama kal (Sailam lam) Maj. Mac Intyre-a hote chu darkar reilo teah lo kirin thil awmzia an rawn report a. Thenzawl khawchhak (Kawlri) lama kal, Capt. Battey-a hote chu an zui ve ta zawk a. Capt. Battey-a pawlte chu an hnuai mel khat velah lui te a lo awm a., chu chu Bengkhuaia mi leh sa silai keng ten an lo veng a. An lalte chu ka hnena rawn hruai turin ka naute ka tir a, an sa himna pawh ka kutah a awm vek tih hriattir turin ka ti nghal bawk a.)
TH Lewin leh Bengkhuaia te inbiakremna anga Zoluti la let tura sipaiten puan in ah kaihna, parade an neih thinna hmun pawh ‘Vailam Kawn’[ Lalhmangaiha Chawngthu, Zofate Enna Bul, (Aizawl: KTP Serchhip Vengchung Branch, 1993), 5] tiin vawiin thleng hian a hmun hi la humhalh a ni. Bengkhuaia hi Sailam lal ropui a nih tlat avangin a sal man Zoluti an lak let lehna hmun sawi nana kan Mizo Historian leh ziaktu hmasa ten ‘Sailam’ ti-a an lo ziak hi a dik lo hran chuang lova. Zoluti lak let a nih hunlaia Kawlri hi Serchhip ram chhung ni lovin, Sailam ram chhung a ni a. Chumi hnu, kum 25-na velah Kawlri hmun hi Serchhip ram chhung a lo ni ta chauh a ni tih hi kan Ziak mi, Historian leh a hmun nghak, Serchhip mipuite ngei pawh hian an hrefiah chho zel a nih chuan he inhnialna tawp thei lova ngaih hi chinfel a ni ta tiin a sawi theih tawh awm e.
Reference:
T. Sena Ralte, Bengkhuaia sal atangin zalenna ramah (Aizawl: RS Drug Store, 2011), 57
Pasaltha Chawma Chanchin by Lianhmingthanga, 2001 (Unpublished)
He ‘Chart of Triangulation’ Map hi Pu Lalfakzuala (MCS) in Mumbai Archive atangin a zu hai chhuak a. A zirchiang duh tan hmuh theih tura vawn that a ni.
Lalmuana, “Serchhip khaw chanchin”, in Entlang, edited by Thanghmingliana (Aizawl: Serchhip Vengchung Branch YMA, 1998), 19
Rev. JH Lorrain, The Whilom Head Hunters, (London: Baptist Missionary Society, 1946), 1,6,8 & 10.
Thomas Lewin, A Fly on the Wheel, (Calcutta: FIRMA KLM Pvt. Ltd, 1977), 281 & 282, Reprint
Lalhmangaiha Chawngthu, Zofate Enna Bul, (Aizawl: KTP Serchhip Vengchung Branch, 1993), 5