- Dr. C. Lalrampana
A KAMKÊUNA
Mizote hi mahni dinhmun phu lova khawsak ching kan ni em ni? Chhungtinte hian kan thawh chhuah zat mil lova khawsak tihsana intihchangkãn kan ching hle niin a lang. Hei hi alawm, saptawnga-“Simple thinking high living” (Ngaihtuahna mâwl khawsak sang) an tih thin chu! Hei vang hian chhung tinte kan khawsak a harsat zual phahin thenawm khawveng, chhung khat laina leh neinung zawkte kan ban buai phah fo thin. Zirtirtu pakhat chuan “-Nu tling, patling, mahni hlawh zat hre reng si, thlatin thla tawp lam apianga pawisa puk tur zawng duk duk thinte hi mi ã berah ka ngai” a ti hmiah mai! Mahni sum lãkluh zah hre reng si a “kan indaih lo, kan harsa, chuti..khati..” kan tih chhung chuan mahni thawh chhuah zat aia sanga khawsak ching, midang behchhana nun tum kan ni tihna a ni. Hetiang bawk hian khawvel sorkar hrang hrang leh State/UT sorkar zingah pawh mahni dinhmun phu lo leka khawsak ching an awm thin avangin leiba an ngah phah hle thin a ni.
INNGHATTAWN KAN NI
Bible-ah chuan mi leiba engpawh rulh leh ngei ngei tur a ni tih a ni. Tin, mi suaksual chuan a puk a, ape leh thin lo va: Mi fel erawh chuan mi a khawngaih a, a pe zawk thin tih a ni bawk. Mihringte hi mahnia khawsa thei kan ni lo, midangte nena innghattawn kan ni. Mamawh inbantawn, inpetawn thin kan ni. Sum leh pai kan mamawha kan indaih loh changin pawisa kan inpuksakin kan inban tawn thin. Hetihlai hian mi thenkhat chuan pawisa ba, leiba an ngaihsak zui thin lova midang tan harsatna thlentu an ni thin. Tu ta pawh ni se, pek letleh tura puksak, batsak kan nih chuan neih remchan veleh pek letleh mai thin tur a ni. Sumdawng tan pawh hlawhchhamna leh beidawnna thlentu chu inbatsak kan uar lutuk vang leh ba rulh kan ngaihsak leh siloh vang a ni thin. Thenkhat phei chu zahna nei hauh lovin, leiba nei miah lo ang maiin an awm miah miah mai thin nia!
LOAN LAK HI?
Sum loan pek hi BC 3000 vel atang khan hmân lai Mesopotamia ramah a awm tih hriat theih a ni. Tûn lai Middle East-a awm, hmân lai Mesopotamia-ah hian pâwl hrang hrang tam tak an awm a, chung zingah chuan Sumerian, Babulon, Assuria, leh Persia mite pawh an tel a ni. Sorkar siam pawisa (Fiat money) hman a nih hma chuan heng hmân lai mite hian ei leh in chu an leiba rulhna atan an hmang thin.
Loan chi hrang hrang pariat kan hriat tur a awm, chungte chu: personal loan, auto loan, student loan, mortgage loan, home equity loan, credit-builder loan, debt consolidation loan leh payday loan leh a dang neuh neuhte an ni. Loan chihrang hrang petu hi Bank hrang hrangte an ni. Bank-te hi pawisa pung uma sumdawng an ni. A pung an ei zat a inang vek lo. Mirethei leh sumdawnna bultan duh si bultanna sum neilote khai chhuah nan leh sorkar policy tihhlawhtlin nan Bank-te hi an hluin an tangkai hle a ni. Sorkar meuh pawhin
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) khawvel pum huap hmasawnna cooperative Bank atangin pawisa an puk thin. IBRD hi member ram 189-te ta a ni a,. International financial institution a ni. Kum 1944-a din niin, a headquarters chu Washington, D.C., United States-ah a awm a; World Bank Group-a lending arm a ni. IBRD hian middle-income ram thang mekte hnenah loan a pe a ni.
IBRD hian retheihna tihziaawmna leh hmasawnna nghet tak tihhmasawn tumna ramte hnenah financial product leh policy advice a pe ?hin. IBRD hi member ram 189-in cooperative an neih a ni. India Loans bat zawng zawng hi Sep 2023 chhung khan US Dollar bn 1,828.265 a ni. Hei hi Jun 2023 chhunga US Dollar bn 1,707.107 aiin a tam zawk a ni.
India Total Loans data hi quarter tin update thin a ni a, Dec 1998 atanga Sep 2023 thleng khan averages 851.218 USD bn a ni a, observation 100 a awm. Data hi Sep 2023 khan a hmaa a sang ber 1,828.265 USD bn a tling a, Dec 1998 khan record hniam ber 82.701 USD bn a ni
India Total Loans data hi CEIC-ah active status a la ni reng a ni tih CEIC Data-in a report a ni.
Data hi World Trend Plus Global Economic Monitor – Table: Loan zawng zawng: USD: Quarterly hnuaiah dah a ni. Hong Kong hi leiba nei lo ram zinga mi a ni. An economy hian leiba leh GDP ratio a nei tlem ber a ni. Leiba nei lo tak tak ram a ni. Financial system mumal tak a nei a, foreign reserve lian tak tak a nei bawk. Mizoram sorkar pawh hian OMB atangin aum a puk thin. CM Pu Lalduhoma chuan “Sorkar hmasain sum Rs 3246.71 crore a puk laiin, tun sorkar chuan Rs 1992.3 crore puk a tum a, hei hi sorkar hmasa sum puk aiin Rs 1254.68 crore-in a tlem zawk dawn a ti a, sum puk belh zela kal chu a him loh avangin tun sorkar kum chu sum dinhmun siam that nana hmangin sorkar a insum dawn a, mipuite hriatthiamna pawh an ngen nghal a ni” a ti..
INDIA RAMA BANK AWM ZAT
Sum leh pai dinhmun thlirin India Bank-te hi chi hrang hrang 4-ah then a ni a, chungte chu Commercial Bank, Small Finance Bank, Payment Bank leh Co-operative Bank-te an ni. Commercial Bank-te chu Public sector bank leh Private sector bank-ah then belh a ni. India ramah hian commercial bank zawng zawng 91-in hna an thawk mek a ni. Public sector bank 12-te chu – State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Bank of Baroda, Bank of India, Central Bank of India, Canara Bank, Union Bank of India, Indian Overseas Bank, Punjab leh Sind Bank, Indian Bank, UCO-te leh Bank of Maharashtra-te an ni. Heng Bank hrang hrangte hian India ram state/UT hrang hrang leh ram pawn foreign thlengin Branch an nei thei a, ram hrang hrang retheihna dâwmkangtu an ni mek. State Bank of India hi India rama bank lian ber number 1 a ni a, sum neih tam zawngah erawh chuan HDFC Bank hi a chungnung ber a ni.
MIZORAMA BANK AWM ZAT
Mizoramah hian Mizoram Rural bank hian branch 100 a nei a, district 11 a huam bakah RD block 26 a huam a ni. State Bank Of India-in Mizoram chhungah branch 45 vel a nei a. Canara Bank in Mizoram chhungah branch 5 vel a nei bawk. Heng bakah hian MC Apex bank, MUCO Bank, AXIS bank, ICICI Bank, UCO Bank leh bank chihrang hrang engemawzat a awm a ni. Heng Bank-te hian Mizorama mirethei leh sumdawng bultanna nei lote leh in sakna nei lote loan pein an khai chhuak thin a, an tangkai hle.
A TLÃNGKAWMNA
Sorkar pawh hi chhungkaw lianpui ang a ni a. A sum thawh chhuahna hnãr hi mipuite chhiah pek khawm a ni. Mipui chhiah pek khawm chu awmze mumal taka enkawlin a ram mipuite thuam (develop) nan bawk a hmangleh thin. Chuvangin, ram mipuite leh Sorkar hi lãk hran theih loh innghattawn (interdependent) a nih avangin a ram mipui thawh chhuah Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) mil lo leka a khawsak chuan leibã (overdraft) a nei teuh thin. Nikuma kan leibã ?. 256.396 vbc bak kha kan la bat belh zel a nih hmel a, sorkar tan hian sutkian mai huphurhawm tak a ni. Kan bat tam em avangin kawngpui tha, lei verh, zirna tha, hriselna tha, traffic jam free city, smart parking, smart marketing system (SMS) tha, tui leh eng hniang hnãr kan nei thei lova ram mipuite’n kan tuar mek a ni.. Hetiang bawk hian mimal, chhungkua, pawl leh kohhran thlengin Bank hrang hrangah loan chihrang kan la a, rul thaleh duh lo tam tak an awm avangin loan chhemiah dahin Bank thuneitute’n Court lamah leh lok Adalat-ah case siamsakin chuta rul duh chuang lote chuan an dahkham inhmun lo ram chanin an lilamsak thin a, a uihawmin a zahthlak thin hle mai. Kei ngei pawh hian LIC, Personal loan, HBA, Auto loan, Home loan-te ka la ve tawh. Mahse, ka pek tlak vek zel avangin tun thlengin ka la damkhawchhuak ve hram hram a ni. Tunhnaia Champhai District Magistrate-in loan rul tha lo in 3 Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002 hmanga lilam tura a chhuhsak ngai tate kha a uihawmin a zahtlak takzet a, anmahni pawh an khawngaihthlak hle. Loan hi atir atanga khel lova rulh that a ngai thin. Rulh that loh chuan a pung nen a tawpah a inhnawh khawm a, rulh a harsa tawh thin a ni. Chuvangin, hnam fing leh changkangho ang hian loan rulh hi ngai pawimawh theuh ila Bank-ho pawhin loan an phalrai anga kan indaltawn lo ni mai tur? Chuvangin, Mizo mipuite hian Bank loan emaw, mimal leiba emaw pawh ni se tha tak hian rûlleh thlap thlap thin ila Bank emaw, mimal emaw pawhin an hlawk phah anga loan latute pawhin dahkham (mortgaged) kan chânin lilamsak kan ngai lovang. Hetiang êm êma loan chhemi tamna ram, mimal leiba rûl tha duh lo tamna ram, chawlhni serh tha, inkhawm tam, thawhtlawm thawh tha bawk si; Kristian 87.16% awmna ram si hian sim tur kan va ngah tehlul êm! Hawh u, Zoram mipuite u, Lalpa maichâm I dintharleh teh ang u.