- Naveen P Singh
FY 25 budget-ah hian agriculture leh allied sector tan cheng nuai 1.52 vel ruahman a ni. Kum tam tak chhung chu income-support measure hrang hrang hmanga India loneitute hmalam hun tihthar lehna tura hmalakna lian tham tak tak kalpui a ni. Tin, agriculture leh allied sector-te tana budget ruahman pawh kum tam tak chhung chu a pung chho zel a, heng kawngah hian technology lama hmasawnna tihhmasawn nan hmalakna pawh kalpui mek a ni.
- Ngaih Pawimawh
Pakhatnaah chuan, kum engemaw zat kalta chhung khan ei tur buhfai lei hmanga man puihna chu loneih thil thar chhuah man tlawm zawka awm theihna tura thil pawimawh tak a ni ta a ni. FY 25 budget-ah chuan umbrella scheme PM AASHA (Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay SanraksHan Abhiyan) hnuaia sum ruahman chu nuai 2.2 aṭangin nuai 6.4-ah a pung a ni. Hei hian man tlawm taka puihna pek te, ei tur buhfai hmanral tihtlem te, sumdawngte’n market-a an nghawng dan dik lo tihtlem te chu a tilang chiang hle. Hei bakah hian flagship central sector scheme viz., Crop Insurance, Interest Subvention, leh RKVY-a AIDF (Agriculture Infrastructure Development Fund) hnuaia umbrella provision-te chu an sum hman zat zaa 10-15-in a pung a ni.
Pahnihnaah chuan hmeichhiate hi agricultural labor force zaa 30 an ni a, economically active hmeichhia zaa 80 chuang chu agriculture lama thawk an ni a, chutihrualin mipa counterpart aiin zaa 20-30 in an hlawh tlem zawk a, 6% chauhvin institutional credit an hmu thei a ni. An sum lakluh chi hrang hrang leh an telna tur dik tak siam nan Rs. FY 25 budget-ah hian NAMO DRONE DIDI hnuaiah drone 15,000 pekna tur cheng vaibelchhe 500 siam a ni a, hei hian a bul berah chuan thingtlang hmeichhiate telna a Philip ang a, an economic status a tichak ang.
Pathumnaah chuan, FY 25 budget-a tarlan angin Comprehensive Review of Agricultural Research hi ruahmanna mamawh tak a ni.
Tunah hian apex body ICAR leh a institute-te bakah State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) te chuan agriculture research an thunun a ni. He dominance hi research problem tak tak chinfelna leh practical solution zawng tura collective scope tlemte a neih avangin zawhna a awm fo thin. Kum sawm kalta khan World Bank chuan “research leh extension emaw, heng service leh private sector inkara inzawmna a tlem lutuk” tih a lo sawi tawh a ni. Chuvangin, sorkar pawlte nen, challenge-based reward system (CBRS) hmanga private sector inrawlhna hian agricultural R&D-a private investment a tichak thei a ni. Food producer lian ber ni mah se, Agri R&D lama investment lamah chuan Ag. GDP leh FY 25 budget ruahmanna hi DARE (Department of Agricultural Research and Education) aiin a sang zawk tur a ni. GST council hnuaia independent central organization emaw body (Agricultural Development Council) chu loneitute’n nitin harsatna an tawhte chinfel dan tur dik taka inmil, enkawl leh thehdarh nan a pawimawh hle.
Palinaah chuan, agriculture lama productivity tihpun hian resource hman tangkai dan tihchangtlun hi a ngaih pawimawh a ngai a, a chhan chu loneih theihna ram 45% chuan tui 84% vel a hmang a, tui tamna ber thlai pathum—serthlum, buh leh buhfai—te chuan he tui 80% aia tam an hmang a ni . Hriat tur pawimawh tak chu kum sawm kalta chhung khan India ram thil siam chhuah hi China, United States leh Brazil aiin a pung chak zawk a ni. Productivity gains avanga surplus awmte enkawl turin infrastructure tha taka enkawl a pawimawh bawk. Climate vulnerabilities leh extreme weather events karah chuan Climate Resilient Crop Varieties (CRCVs) siam leh hman hi thlai thar chhuah pung zel tur venna atan ei leh in leh ei leh in lama himna tur a pawimawh hle. KVKs huam chhunga Climate Resilient Cluster (CRC) approach hi CRCVs hman a nih theihna tura hmalakna pawimawh tak a ni. Tin, thlai tharchhuahna lama hmasawnna nghet tak neih a pawimawh hle a, Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 17 zinga 11 chu agriculture leh a kaihhnawih sector-te hnathawh dan nen a inzawm tlat a ni.
Panganaah chuan, budget-a Bio-Input Resource Center (BIRC) din tumna hian agriculture-a organic input hmanna nasa takin a tipung thei a, chu chuan input subsidy-a innghahna a ti tlem thei a ni. PM Programme for Restoration, Awareness Generation, Nourishment, and Amelioration of Mother Earth (PM-PRANAM) hian state hrang hrangte chu chemical input tihtlem tura fuih a tum a ni. Mahse, inthlak danglamna thlen tur leh farm level-a BIRC-in input a pekte hman a nih theih nan fuih turin PM-PRANAM chhunga incentive mechanism bik, FPO leh cooperative-te thlawp chu ngaihtuah a ngai a ni. Tin, BIRC-te huam chhungah ran chaw ei tur pawh telh theihna tur thil tam tak a awm bawk.
Paruknaah chuan, kum 2023-24 chhunga ei leh bar inflation hmun thuma ṭhena hmun khat chu thlai man a nih vang a ni tih hriat a pawimawh a, a man pawh zaa 29.3-in a sang a ni. Tun hnaia thlai man a san chhoh zel avangin thlai supply chain tihhmasawn leh production leh consumption center pawimawh tak takte hriatchhuah hi a pawimawh hle. Hetiang approach hi budget FY 25-a tarlan hian consumer-te disposable income a tipung ang a, consumer-te rupee-a producer-te share a tipung bawk ang. Exclusive blended capital support measures hian Rs. Budget FY 25 hnuaia startup leh thingtlang lama farm produce value chain-a inhmangte sum pekna tur cheng vaibelchhe 62.5 pek chu thil pawimawh tak a ni tih a chiang hle.
- Siamthatna
Pakhatnaah chuan, India rama agriculture leh a kaihhnawih sector-a inthlak danglamna nasa tak thleng mek ngaihtuah chuan, loneitu tenau leh loneitu tlemte sum lakluhna tipung thei tur hmalakna kalpui a pawimawh hle. Traditional crops atanga thei, thlai leh a kaihhnawih enterprise man to tak tak thlenga chi hrang hrang siam hian an sum lakluh a tipung thei tih hi a chiang hle. Hetiang hmalakna hi FY 24 budget-ah telh tur a ni a, hei hian demand a tichhuak leh thei a, nakin lawkah economic growth a tichak thei a ni.
Pahnihnaah chuan, tuna thlai thar chhuah tihpunna tura puihna kalpui mekte hian resources a tichhe fo a, loneitute tan climate vulnerability a tipung fo bawk. Chutiang chuan Agro-Climatic Zones (AEZ) leh Regional Crop Planning concept hi ngaihtuah nawn leh a pawimawh hle. Hetiang approach hian hmun hrang hranga production pattern leh practice te nasa takin a nghawng thei a, a synergize thei bawk.
Pathumnaah chuan, loneih thil thar man dik tak hmuh theihna turin market siamthat a pawimawh hle. 15th Finance Commission chuan state hrang hranga agricultural marketing system tihchangtlunna tura hmalakna tur tulte fuih turin incentive pek a rawt a ni. Chuvangin, Agri hnuaia telh tur, marketing system tihchangtlunna tura state-te hmalakna atanga tehna tur indicator leh monitoring framework siam tura rawtna siam a ni. Infrastructure Fund (AIF) chuan Integrated Scheme for Agricultural Marketing (ISAM) a siam a, hei hi a hnuaia mi ang hian a ni.
FY25 budget ruahmanna leh hmalakna tur ruahmannate hian agriculture efficiency leh resilience tihchangtlunna kawngah inthlak danglamna nasa tak a thlen a, mahse R&D sum hman atanga a lan danin thil thar siamna lam ngaih pawimawh lohna a tlahniam hle. Khawvel boruak inthlak danglamna hian loneitu tenau leh loneitute chunga nghawng a neih tak tak chu hriain, budget hian heng mamawh hmanhmawhthlak tak takte hi a phuhruk theih nan ruahman a ni. Heng hmun pawimawh tak takte hi a ngaihtuah hian India chuan a agriculture lama inthlak danglamna chu tha takin a kalpui thei a, he sector-ah hian hun rei tak chhunga hmasawnna leh chhunzawm zelna a humhim thei bawk.
(Dr. Naveen P Singh, hi Member Official, Commission for Agricultural Cost and Prices CACP, MoAFW, New Delhi a ni a, a thuziak te hi ama ngaihdan a ni.)