- Dr. Hannah Lalhlanpuii
‘The War I Witnessed’ tih hi kum 1966 Mizoram buai laia Aizawla chêng, Dr. Smriti Das in ama thil tawn ngêi a ziah a ni a, saptawng chuan ‘Memoir’ kan tih ang chi kha a ni. Memoir hi non-fiction chi khat, a ziaktuin ama chanchin leh thil tawn a ziahna a ni a. Autobiography te nen a danglamna chu a ziaktuin a nun pum pui ni lo, a nuna thil thleng thenkhat, tûl leh pawimawh a tih lai bikte la chhuaka a ziahna a ni. Tin, memoir hi chu a hming châwi chhan ‘memory’, kan hriat rengna a thil châm rengte behchhana ziah a nih avangin autobiography te leh historical writing dangte aiin a ziaktu rilru sûkthlêk (emotion), mi mal thil thlir dân (personal perspective) leh thil thlengin a nun a nghawng dante a langsâr thin hle a ni.
He lehkhabu pawh hi personal memoir tha tak a ni a, a lehkhabu subtitle-ah pawh hian ‘A Memoir of Childhood based on the time of Insurgency in Mizoram’ tiin a dah a ni. A ziaktu Dr. Smriti Das hi a hun lai hian hmeichhe naupang kum 12 mi a ni a. Mizoram buai tan kum 1966 khân Govt. Mizo High School-ah pâwl 7 a zir a, rambuai a zui tâk avangin zirna hi a chhunzawm thei ta lo a ni. A kum ngaihtuah chuan a thil tawn a hmachhawn dân leh a chhehvêl khawvêl a thlir dân hi a puiltingin a huaisen hle tih a hriat theih a; tin, a hriat rengna a hriam tha hle tih a hriat theih bawk.
A lehkhabu hi bung hrang hranga then a ni lêm lo va, a ziaktu hian thuhma phêk hnih khat lek hnuah a ziak tan nghâl mawp mawp a. Hei vâng hian a thil tawn hi titi paha min hrilh ang maiin a chhiar theih a, conversational tone a nei a ni. Chutih rual chuan mi mal chanchin leh thil tawn a nih avangin thil thlen dân indawt (chronological order) in a ziah avangin chhiar a nuamin a tluang êm êm bawk.
Kum 1966-a Mizoram, khatih laia Mizo District chu Assam sorkâr hnuaia district pakhat a ni a. Mautâm avang te, India sorkâr leh Assam sorkâr laka lungâwi lohna leh chhan dang hrang hrang avangin Pu Laldenga kaihhruaina hnuaiah Mizo National Famine Front chu Mizo National Front tia thlâkin India sorkâr atanga zalenna hmuh ngêi tumin nasa takin an bei a. Assam Rifles leh Indian Army-te nen an inbei a, chu inbeihna kârah chuan thlabâr takin nunâu pawi sawi lo leh civil mite hlau leh khûr chungin an awm a. Kan hriat theuh angin March ni 5, 1966-ah phei chuan Indian Air Force-ten Aizawl an bomb a nih kha.
He hun thim leh hreawm tak, Mizo history-a kan hun pawimawh berte zinga mi ni reng tawh tûr, rambuai lai chungchâng hi hmân atanga vawiin thlengin chanchin sawi hlawh leh ziah hlawh tak mai a ni a. Tûn hnaiah phei chuan zir mite leh ziak mi inpe tak takte zârah Rambuai Literature genre tha tak mai kan nei chho ta. Tûn kum 5 kal ta chhûng ringawt pawhin rambuai chungchâng lehkhabu thahnem tak a chhuak a. Mahni mi mal chanchin (autobiography) te, mi dang chanchin (biography) te, novel leh political account te; tin, academic writing te an ni tlângpui. Chutih rual chuan rambuai hun lai hi political event a nihna chen a awm avangin hêng rambuai chungchâng lehkhabu kan hmuh tawh hote hian political leaning, âwn lam an nei tlângpui a; mi tam tak chuan MNF narrative leh non-MNF narrative tih te pawhin kan thliar thin. Kan thil tawna zir te, kan political party thlir dâna zir tein khawi emaw zâwk zâwka âwn lam nei zâwnga hêng political event chungchâng ziah hi a awl êm êm a. A dik lohna leh sualna pawh a awm lêm lo a, literature tihausa tu tak pawh a ni.
The War I Witnessed hi rambuai literature kan neih tawhah chuan a danglam leh dangdâi ber pâwl a ni. A ziaktu Dr. Smriti Das te hi unau pasarih an ni a, in chhûngah pawh Mizo tawng an hmang nasa hle a, Mizo nun leh khawtlângah an inchiah hneh hle a ni âwm e. A pa Satish Chandra Dey hi kum 1920 khân Sylhet, tûna Bangladesh ni ta atang hian Aizawlah a rawn kal a, Aizawl-ah Suku Mary nen an innei a; a nute unau pawh hi Aizawla piang vek an ni. A putea te hian Mizo nula nupuiah an nei ve ve a, an thlah kal zêlte pawh Mizoramah an chêng chhunzawm a ni. A nu hian vânduaithlâk takin kum 5 mi lek a nih laiin a thihsan a, a pa hian an unau hian Aizawlah a enkawl sei lian ta a ni. Hei vâng hian a thuziak atang pawh hian a pa hi a ngai hlu a, a nunah hmun pawimawh tak a luah tih a hriat theih a ni. He lehkhabu ka chhiara ka hmuh dân leh kan thil zir chhuah thenkhatte lo târ lang ila:
- Hnam dangten Mizote leh Mizo khawtlâng a hmuh dân târ lanna a ni: He lehkhabu hi kum 1966 tir lam, rambuai intan tirh behchhana ziah ni mah se a phêk hmasa 30 bâwr vêlah hian rambuai intan tak tak hmaa Mizo khawtlâng nun leh Aizawla an chên vêl dân ngaihnawm takin a rawn ziak a. Chutah chuan he lehkhabu ziaktu hian Aizawl hi nuam a tiin Mizote a ngaina hle tih a hriat theih a. Ṭhenawm khawvêng ten a ram mi an nih lohna lai hre reng mah se an chhungkua hian an inti Mizo hle tih a hriat theih.
A thuziak atang hian 1960s a Mizo khawtlâng nun leh chên ho dân chiang takin a hmuh theih a. Chuta ka chhiar laia ka ngaihtuahna a lo lut chu khatih hun laia Aizawl nun râlmuanzia leh zalenzia kha a ni. Mautâm avanga ei leh bâr tlachhama an buai êm êm rualin a lehlam zâwnga ngaihtuah chuan Aizawl kha multicultural centre chi khat angin a thlir theih a. Kristiante Pathian Biak in te, Hindu temple te, Mosque leh Gurudwara thlengin a awm kim a, chutah chuan indipdâl loin hnam hrang hrangten anmahni Pathian theuh an bia a ni. Tin, khatih hun laia non-Mizo community kha ka rin ai daihin a lo changtlungin an lo zalên a, sumdâwnna leh sorkâr hna pawimawh hrang hrang thawkin an awm a. A ziaktu thu ziah hmangah hian a hun lai khân hnam hrang hrang khân inpawh tlâng leh inlungrual takin chi inthliarna leh indiriamna lian tham êm êm awm lovin an awm ho a nih hmel. Sakhaw hrang hrangin an hunpui pawimawh Krismas leh Kum thar te, Durga Puja te, Lashkhmi puja te, Holi leh Bihu festival thlengin an lâwm thin a ni âwm e.
Chutih rual chuan hemi hun laia politics leh social change hrang hrangin Mizo khawtlâng nun a rawn nghawng chhoh dân te kan hmu thei bawk a. Assamese tawng duh lohna avanga mipui lungâwi lo an pun khawm dân te, mautâm avanga Assam sorkâr laka lungâwi lohna an lantir dân te; tin, Pu Laldenga chanchin leh a rawn lâr chhoh dân te ngaihnawm takin a ziak a. Hei tak hi a lehkhabu tihlutu pawh niin ka hria. A ziaktu hi history scholar a nih angin Mizo political history a hre chiang a, chu chu a taka tawngtu a nih avangin ama thlirna leh experience atangin thil thlengte a rawn nemnghet a. Ama insawi dân takin ‘helpless witness’ a ni a, chu chuan a thuziak hi a ti âwihawm a, a ti hausa bawk a ni. Heng zawng zawng avang te hian he lehkhabu hi 1960s hun laia Mizo khawtlâng nun leh a inthlâk danglam dân min hrilh hretu a ni.
- Rambuai lai thlirna tlâng dang atangin: Kan hriat theuh angin rambuai lai chuan nun a hrehawm a, Mizote hun tawna la thim ber kan tih thin kha a ni. Rual u zâwkte titi atang te, an thuziak atang leh historical account atangin mipui tawrhna nasatzia pawh kan hre theuh âwm e. Mahse kan ngaihtuah ngai loh leh a chungchâng kan hriat khât deuh mai chu: ‘Khatih hun laia Mizo ni lo, hnam dang, Mizorama awmte kha engtin nge an awm ve le?’ tih hi a ni. He lehkhabu atanga chiang êm êm mai chu hnam dang, Aizawla hna leh sumdâwnna avanga awmte kha rambuai avang khân an tuar nasa hle a ni mai lo a, a ram leilung fa Mizote aiin an dinhmun kha a chhe zâwk a, double discrimination an tâwk nasa hle a ni. An tawrhna kha a thuah hnih bik kan ti thei ang a; a lehlam zâwnga thlir chuan an tawrhna khân rambuai kha national sentiment a pe ve bawk a ni. A ziaktu hi hmeichhe naupang narân a ni lo tih a lang chiang hle. A huaisen êm êm a, nachâng a hre bawk a; tin, Mizorama piang leh sei lian a nihna a hmang tangkai thiam viau bawk a ni.
A ziaktute chhungkua hi Aizawla hmun laili ber pâwl, Babutlânga an awm avangin buai tan tirh tê atangin thil thleng pawimawh hrang hrang mita hmutu leh a thâwm hre chiang berte zinga mi an ni a. Aizawla hnam dang awm ho chu MNF sipaiten Laipuitlâng PWD quarters-ah an khung khâwm a, hetah hian MNF sipaite dâwrtu ber leh thil thlithlâitu ber a ni a. Hei hian he lehkhabu ziaktu hi hmeichhe naupang narân a nih lohzia a lantir a; thawnthu ni ta se, a changtunu chêt hliah hliah a ni.
Aizawl bomb lai vêl a ziah dân phei hi chu a ram mi dik tak ang maiin a ziak a: ‘My beloved homeland’, ‘My world’, ‘My only home’, tih tawngkam, neitu nihna angin a ziak nasa hle. Tin, a ziaktu bâkah a pa pawh hian India sorkâr thil tih chu a demzia a sawi nasa hle a; Mizo pa irâwm chhuak ang maiin tawngkam a nei ngun. Boruak a daih deuh hnua an in lama an lêt leh hian Dr. Smriti Das hian a pa hnenah heti hian zawhna pawimawh deuh mai a zâwt a: ‘Ka pa, indona i hmuh tawh leh tûna keiin ka hmuh ve hi eng nge a danglamna? a ti. A pa chhânna chu: ‘The war I saw was one country trying to defeat another, to bring it under its rule. But the war you are seeing now is where a king fights its own people, using force against his own unarmed citizens. What kind of government does that?’ tih a ni.
He lehkhabu hi hmeichhe naupang kum 12 mi thil tawn chipchiar taka ziahna a nih mai bâkah, a pa thawhah avanga hrisêlna pan êm êm an buaipui dân te, a u fate nena chhangchhe chhungkua-a rambuai an tawrh dân te a nih avang hian civilian experience hi a rawn târ lang chiang hle a. Hetiang taka chiang leh rilru khawiha rambuai chungchânga miin an thil tawn an ziah hi a tam lo hle a, rambuai avanga mihring tawrhna tak tak a rawn phawchhuak tha hle a, rilru a khawih tak zet a ni. Sipai inkâp ri dum dum kâra an tlânchhiat dân te, chutiang kâra a pa dam lo an buaipui dân te, MNF sipaiin an khung khâwm laia râlti taka an awm dân te, Aizawl bomb a nih laia an awm dân te, ei leh in tûr mumal nei loa ni tam tak beidawng taka an nghah dân a ziah te hi a kimchang hle a. A chhiartu tân pawh a hmuna awm ve ang maiin lo mitthla ve zêl awl tak a ni a, Rambuai experience a tifiah leh zual êm êm a ni.
- Pafa inlaichinna: Kan sawi tâk ang khân he lehkhabu-a hming lang ngun êm êm mai, a ziaktu nuna hmun pawimawh tak changtu pakhat chu he lehkhabu ziaktu pa, ‘Baba’ hi a ni a; a pa chanchin hi lehkhabu hrana chhuah tham a tling! Punjabi pa Inder Singh-a nen kum 1920 khân Aizawl an rawn thleng a, Inder Singh-a hian lehkhathiam, mi fing a mamawh avangin sumdâwnna leh contract hna remchâng thawk tûrin Sylhet atangin a rawn hruai chho a ni âwm e. Footpath leh kawngpui siam hna an thawk dûn ta a, Aizawl leh Silchar inkalpawhna leh Sairang-Aizawl kawngpui, Mizoram tâna kawngpui pawimawh hmasa ber pâwl pahnih pawh hi anni pahnih sial a ni. A ziaktu sawi hmang chuan hetih hun lai hian Lushai Hills-ah hian kawngpui pângngâi a awm miah lo a, Mizoramin kawngpui tha kan neih theih nâna sûlsutu pawimawh tak pahnih an nihna lai hi kan hriatsak reng pawh a pawimawh hle.
A pa hi pa namai lo tak, ngaihtuahna hmang thiam leh thil thlir thui tak mi a ni tih a hriat theih a. Kum 1966-a ram a buai tirh khân a hrisêlna a pan hle a, hei vâng hian a lehkhabuah hian thil ropui tih a nei vak lo. Mahse a fanuin a chungchâng thu a ziah dânah hian fanau enkawl kawngah te, thil tha zirtir kawngah te, thutlûkna siam kawngah leh thil hrang hrangah pa fing tak, a chak that lai chuan mi taima leh mi dangte tâna inpe tak a ni tih a hriat theih a. Amah leh a faten he hun thim tak tâwn tlang thei tûra huaisenna leh chhelna an neihna chhan chu an pa nun atanga an thil zir chhuahte vâng a ni tih a chiang hle a. Mi mal tawrhna piah lamah chhungkaw inhmangaihna leh pafa inlaichinna ngaihnawm tak kan hmuhte hian he lehkhabu hi a tihlu zual êm êm a ni.
He lehkhabu hi Assamese-a ziah a ni a, chu chu Ra Acharya hian English-in a letling leh ta a, Rambuai Literature tihausatu a ni. Hmeichhe naupang thlirna atanga mihring tawrhna leh hrehawmna an tawn dân ziah chhuahna a nih avangin a thuziak hian han sawi mâm tumna leh zêp nei lêm loin a ziak a; Saptawng chuan ‘raw and unfiltered’ kan tih ang chi kha a ni. Tin, kum 1960s chho-a Mizo District awm dân leh Mizote nun thlirna tlâng dang atanga kan hmuh theihna pakhat a ni a, a hlu tak zet a ni. Mizoram leh Mizote chungchâng hnam dang thuziak kan neih tam zâwk hi colonial literature, political account leh missionary-te rawngbâwlna report a ni tlângpui thin. Hei vâng hian he lehkhabu hlutna leh danglamna êm êm chu: a thuziakte hi tawrhna kâra ziah a nih avangin emotional element leh sentimental value a nei a, rilru a khawih a, a ngaihnawm piah lamah Mizo hnam tân pawh a hlu tak zet a ni.