- Zonunkima; 5th Semester, Department of Political Science, Government Aizawl West College
Kan hriat theuh angin India ram hi ‘Parliamentary democracy’ system, ‘Indirect Democracy’ an tih bawk hmang kan ni a. Democracy hmanna hmunah mipui ten an mawhphurhna leh chanvo an hriat thatnchuan ram rorelna a thain a kal dik thin. Abraham Lincoln-a’n democracy chu, “mipuite sorkar, mipuite siam leh mipuite ta” a lo ti thlâwt tawh a. Mipuite kutah thu neihna tak tak hi chu a awm a, an ai awha an thlante hnenah eng emaw hun chhung atan thu neihna an kawlin ram kahhruaina hna an thawk mai thin a ni.
Greek philosopher ropui Aristotle khan a hun laia ram inrelbawlna (constitution) 158-a zir chianna a neihah chuan ‘Polity’ a tih, tuna democracy nih phung ang deuh hi tha ber (best practicable) a ti hial a ni. Chutiang taka Ram inkaihhruaina tha chu hmang mah ila Sorkar tha/Ram tha zawk nei tur chuan a ti puitlingtu, chutiang ang nihtirtu an awm a ngai a, chutah tak chuan mipuite kan pawimawh a ni. Chester Bowles chuan,“Sorkarna hi politician-te pum hmawm tir vek atan chuan a lianin a pawimawh lu deuhin ka hria” a lo ti a. Mipuite hian sorkarna hi politician-te kuta dah vek mai lovin rorelna tha siam tura puih zui zel hi kan bat a ni. Sorkar tha nei tur hian Mipuite hian chanvo leh mawhphurhna kan nei nual a, chûngte chu i han enho dawn teh ang.
- Vote thlak
Mipui ten kan ai awha roreltu kan thlan theihna, inthlang ram kan ni a. Constitution article 236 chuan târ langin, india khua leh tui mi tu pawh, kum 18 tling tawh phawt chuan vote a thlak thei a ni. Ram changkang apiangah khua leh tui ten inthlanna hi ram hnuk khawih thil tak meuh a ni tih an hriat avangin an ngai pawimawh a, an ngaihlu a, an la thutak bawk thin. Mizoram pawh hi vote thlak thei zat atanga chhûta vote thlak thatna ber state zînga mi kan ni a. Vote thlak hi sorkar siamna kailâwn a ni a. Kan Chan vo, kan mawhphurna leh kan tih ngei ngei tur (duty) a ni a, kan ngai pawimawh tur a ni.
Party ‘feelings’ neih loh
“Kan party candidate atan Vawk pawh ni se, ka vote tho ang” tih ang rilru pu a, thlahtute atanga party Pakhat sahuai thing vawn tlat maina hian Sorkar tha a siam thei lo va. Sorkarna pawh lo siam se, “min thlang leh tho ang, keini lo thlan tur an nei lo” tih ang rilru an pu a, Ram thatna tur aiin an mahni tanghma haiin an thatna tur buaipuii ln an phili ruai thin. Ram aia party dah lalnaah Sorkar tha a awm thei lo.
Sorkar tha kan duh chuan party âwn nghet (party feelings) kan nei tur a ni lo va, party tinte an thil tum (Manifesto) kan zir chiangin, chu an thil tum chu hlen chhuah theih chi a ni emt kan tan tangkai viau ang emt Tihte kan ngaihtuah a ngai a. Tin, candidate-te pawh mi dik leh rinawm, mi tha satliah ringawt ni loin kan ai a awh zo tawk ang emt A ngaihna a hria ang emt A hna a tlin ang emt Tihte kan ngaihtuah ve ang a, chutiang mi an awm a nih chuan Party ‘feelings’ tel hauh lovin kan thlang mai tur a ni.
- Vote Hralh loh
Sorkar tha neihna tura pawimawh tak mai chu vote hralh loh hi a ni. Mahni chhiat leh tha hriatna pawh hmang thei lo khawpa sumin a bual ât, sum lo thil dang pawhina khua a hmuhtir theih loh, awlsam taka thlem thluk theih mi kan ni tur a ni lo. A Vote hralhtu chu a leitu anga hlemhle, mi pamham ang lek a ni a, an danglamna a awm lo. Joseph Marie de Maistre chuan, “hnam tinin mahni Phu tawk chiah sorkar an nei a ni” a ti. Sorkar tha duhin iak iak mah ila, keimahni’n kan zir loh Chuan zir lo a distinction-a pass tum ang vel a ni. Chuvangin ram siam that kan duh a, kan hmangaih tak tak anih chuan ‘party feelings’ ni lovin Ram hmangaihna feelings neih a, keimahni kan insiam that phawt a ngai a ni. US president hlui, John F Kennedy khan, ” ka ram hian eng nge mi tih sak theih ang tih inzawt loin, ka ram tan hian eng nge ka tih ve theih ang tih inzawt zawk rawh” tiin rilru dik pûa ram vei turin mipuite a lo fuih tawh a ni. Chuvangin rilru fim kan hmang tur a ni a, mi tha lo chu kan hnawl ngam tur a ni.
- Sorkar thu zawm
Dan hi mipuite himna tur leh hmasawnna tura siam a nih avângin Sorkar dan siam kan zâwm tur a ni a, an thu chhuak kan ngai pawimawh bawk tur a ni. Roreltute thu awih leh ram hmasawnna tura an hmalakna rinawm taka thawhpui tlat hi kan mawhphurhna pawimawh tak a ni. Leo Tolstoy chuan, “Dan zam mai hi chu a awlsam a, mahse, dan lekkawh tak hi a har” a ti a. Roreltu tha tak tak thlang chhuak thin mah ila, mipui ten an hmalakna kan thlawp si loh chuan an hlawhtling ngai lo vang. Chuvangin, Sorkar-in chhiah a siam tha taka pek te, a thil khapte Chaw lut lo tur leh Hralh chhuak lui lo tur te, in sak leh in hmun laih dan te, lirthei chung changah te leh dan te sep chi hrang hrangte hi zaha, tha taka zawm mai hi a tha a ni. Roreltuten min hruai an tumna lam ngai changa an thu zawm tura inpek hi mipuite mawhphurhna pawimawh tak a ni.
- Dikna leh rinawmna
Mipuite mawhphurhna pawimawh ber pakhat chu dikna leh rinawmna neih hi a ni âwm e. British Prime minister hlui, Winston Churchill-a chuan, “Khua leh tui dik leh rinawmte hi ramin a neih theih ro hlu berte an ni” a lo ti a. Eng hna pawh thawk ila, hna sang leh hniam, zahawm leh zahawm lo hi a awm hran lova, kan pawimawh vek a, ka thawh a in ang lo mai chauh a ni. Ei rukna leh hlem hletna hi a lang a pau chauha do lovin, kan nun chhung ril hian do se la. Pawisa chauh ni lo, ban hun hmaa ban te, hna Chawlh sek mai te, hmanraw háwn ruk duh maina te hi hmasawnna kawnga ram than mawh ti bâwktu a ni.
Greek philosopher ropui, Plato khan a duhthusam ram (ideal state)-ah chuan Dikna kan tih mai (justice), thil a nih dan tur ang taka a nihna hi a dah pawimawh em em a, state leh justice chu thil kalkawp tlat, then hran theih loh ni turin a duh a. Plato hian Society chu hmun 3-ah then hrangin- reason (lal, roreltu), spirit (ram venghimtu) leh appetite (thawk chhuaktu, kut hnathawk); heng class 3-te hian an tih tur theuh inti buai lo leh a danga va inhnamhnawih lo va, tha taka an tih theuh hian ‘justice’ chu a awm a ni a ti. Dikna leh rinawmna nen taima taka kan hnate kan thawh tlat theih chuan kan Economic a thang anga, ramin hma a sâwn anga, Sorkar a ti chak tel thei bawk ang.
- Tlawmngai pawl hrang hranga inhman
Khawtlâng (society)-a tlawmngai pawl awm hian ram a ti thlamuanga, Sorkar thá a ti chak thin. Heng kan tlawmngai pawl chi hrang hrang- YMA, MZP, MHIP, MUP leh a dang dangah pawh kan inhman theihna âwmah chuan kan inhmangin, thâ kan thawh ve tur a ni. Sorkar tih vek zel tura phût mai lo vin, ram neitu rilru puin khawtlâng tana tha tur chu kan ti ve tur a ni. Tin, Inthlanna thianghlim leh muanawm taka a thlen zel theih nana hma latu Mizoram People Forum (MPF) te, a kohhran mal anga hma laknaah pawh Synod Social Front leh a dangte pawh kan thlawp tlat tur a ni.
- Roreltute tul lovah kan ti buai sek tur a ni lo
MLA leh Minister-te kan phût dân hi inen fiah kan ngaiin ka hria. Eng emaw function awm hleka khual lian ni tura kan ‘bel’ chawt mai zel te hi a fuh ber lo. A lehlamah kan mamawh leh duh kan thlena, min ngaih sakna hun remchang a ni a. Amaherawhchu, khawtlang huapa mipuite rawngbawl tur an ni a, khawi lai ‘zirna in leh pawl’ hrang- hrang tena a na zawnga kan lo pawh pên sek tur an ni lo. Chuti lo chu, kan MLA te tul lovah an hun leh tha kan pawh pên saka, an hna a ti sâwt thin lo a ni.
Tuna Sorkarna chelhtu ZPM leader, Pu Lalduhoma khan Sorkarna fawng vuan tura lawm luh an nih khan, ni 100 chhunga an tih turah an tel nghe nghe a nih kha. Hei hian, ram hruaitute hi a na zawnga sâwma, tih buai sek an duh lo tih a hriat theih mai âwm e.
- Sorkar hmalakna kan en zui ve tur a ni.
Sorkar hmalakna hi mipui ten kan hriatpui a tul hle a, Sorkar pawh mipuite rawngbawl an nih avângin an hmalakna mipuite hriatah an puang zar tur a ni a, langtlang sorkar an ni ve tur a ni. An manifesto an bawh zui em, Budget (kum khat chhung atana sorkar inrelbawlna tura sum dah) hi a hmanna turah hman a ni ngei em tih te, sum puk teuh si, a hmanna tar lang leh si lo a ni em tih te, a tel lo pawha kan buai chuan lohna tur, thil tangkai tak ni lem loah sum an khawh ral mai mai em tih te, Mizoram ah hian Centrally sponsored schemes kan nghah ta hle a, heng te hi a hmanna tur dik taka hman a ni em tih hi kan finfiah fo a ngai.
Constitution article 19-na chuan kan duh zâwng sawi leh lantir theihna turin dikna chanvo min pe a, chumi hmang chuan Sorkar dik lohna leh kan duh khawp lohnate Chu chanchinbu, Tv, social media leh a dangte hmangin kan au chhuahpui thei a. Amaherawhchu, chu chuan belhchian a dawl tur a ni.
Sorkar hmalâkna mipuiin kan hriat duh angte kan hriat theih nan kum 2005 khan Right to Information Act, 2005 siam a ni a,, tunah chuan Mizoram Right to Information rules, 2010 hman mek a ni. RTI hian sorkar department te, agency te, corporation, NGO, company, kohhran etc. zinga sorkar atanga cheng nuai 1 aia tlem lo dawng tawhte a huam a ni. Information kan hriat duh angte chu State Public Information Officer (SPIO) leh State Assistant Public Information Officer (SAPIO)-ahte dilna theh luh theih a ni a, kan hriat duhte chu ni 30 ral hmain min rawn hrilh dawn a ni. Heng angte hi hman na chang kan hriat a, kan hman thiam chuan Sorkar hmalakna hriat chianna kawngah nasa takin min pui anga, a zawttu kan tam chuan Sorkar pawh a fimkhur anga, Kawng dik kan zawhtir thei dawn tihna a ni.
- Tlângkawmna
Sorkar tha kan duh chuan Mipuite hi kan pawimawh a ni tih hria ila, vote thlak ringawt hi kan mawhphurhna a ni lova, Sorkar thu zawm leh a tha lama hmalaknaah kan thlawp ve tlat tur a ni a. “kei chu Politics hi ka tui ve lo va” tih avanga engmah tih tum lo va lo ral khat thlîr mai tur a ni lo va. Ram inrelbawlna leh politics hi a inzawm tlat avângin Khawtlang (society)-a kan awm ve a nih chuan a thatna turin tha kan thawh ve tur a ni.
Sorkar tha neih hi kan Kristianna nen pawh a inrem em em a ni. “Kristiannain a tum Pakhat chu he leia Pathian Ram thlentir a ni a, Pathian ramah chuan rorelna tha a awm. Kristian-te ram chu rorelna tha awmna hmun a ni tûr a ni.” (p-203, Thingserh- II). Chuvangin, Pathian tih a, a rawngbawl chunga dikna nen kan tih tur theuhte mipuite’n kan tih chuan, Pathian Ram, Sorkar tha leh ram hmasawn tak kan ni thei ngei ang.