- R. Lalrinkima, Hidden Lodge: Chanmari, Aizawl
- Thuhma
Tun Ministry chuan rorel that an tum luatah khawi lai laiah emaw hian an in pal buai nawk nawk emaw tih mai tur hian engemaw hi hriat tur a awm zauh zauh thin a,thahnem lo ngaihpuina lamah thurawn han pe thei ziazang ka nih si loh avang hian tihian ralkhat atangin thu eng engemaw ka ziah hi ka tih phak tawk a ni miau a. Tunhma Zawlnei te khan Pathian hnen atanga an thu dawn kha Roreltute hriat turin an puang thin a. Tih loh tur an tih loh nan leh tih tur an tih ngei nante a ni awm e.Zawlnei thu chu zawm leh zawm loh chungchang an thu a ni mai. ‘Tih anih loh chuan in chhe vek ang’ tih lam hawi te kha a tam zawk a ni mai thei.
Chutiang deuh chuan ram ro in relna felfaina tur atana mamawh hmasak ber chu ‘system dik’ a ni a, chumi zawhah chu system dik chu tha taka zawm a ni leh mai. Chu ram ro in relna system tha tak zawm duh leh duh loh chu Roreltu kutah a awm mai thin ni awm tak a ni. Keini inthlang ramah ve thung chuan an intiam anga roreltute an khawsak loh miau chuan hun laklawhah mipuiin tih tur kan nei lo, ‘inthlan leh hunah’ tih a ni ngawt mai. MNF term hnuhnung berah Kamrul-a a lar em em a, chumi hnuah ‘unau te pawisa cheng nuaih 900 kawlsak in a zui leh a.An term a han zo chiah a, term tharah chuan khawvar lam arsi ang pharh an lo ni ta.
Inthlan dawn hnaiha mipui hnena ngaihdam dil hi ‘se bo hnua se kawng khar ang’ a ni chawk. Mizo Lal te inrelbawl lai pawh khan chunglam thu engmah an la hriat hma siin Lal fel leh rorel thiam leh Lal fel lo leh rorel thiam lo chu ram pum hriat an ni thin.
Thupuiah lut tawh ila:-
Finance Department Office Memorundum chu
No G/1374/2026-EC-FD Dt 27.7.2026 hmanga thuchhuah chu a ngai ang angin hetiang hi a ni:- Subject ah chuan : Guidelines for preparation of Estimates-Segregation of materials and Labour component tih a ni a. Chu Guidelines ah chuan hetiang hian a indawt danin ziah a ni leh a:-
- All estimates shall be prepared with materials and works component shown separately
- Materials component shall be estimated separately based on approved Rates,
- The work component shall be estimated separately based on the volume/quantum of works involved using applicable rate.
- The statutory 1% Labour Cess shall be shown separately in the estimate.The cess shall be borne and remitted to by the Contractor. No budgetary provision for the same shall be made in the departmental estimate.
- All estimate shall clearly segregate the material component, labour/work component and 1% labour cess payable by the Contractor so as to facilitate proper financial accounting,execution and monitoring of the work.
This issues with the approval of the competent authority
tih niin Vanlaldina Fanai,Commissioner & Secretary, Govt of Mizoram chuan hming a signed hnan a.
He thuchhuah hi duhlian tawngin dah tum chhin teh ang:-
(Mizoram pel loa Primary atang High school thlenga Mizo High school-a zir zo, Zoram chhung bawka Diploma in Civil Engineering zir zo leh, chumi hnu kum 6 chuang hnathawh hnua Graduate Engineer zira ram pawn chhuak ve chauh ka ni a, saptawng lamah hian insit na a sang viau nain huai tak siin ka han ti nawk nawk a nge)
- Estimate (hnathawhna tur atan sum ngai zat chhutna) siam reng rengah hmanraw hman tur zat (material component) leh tha(labour) ngai zat tur thliar hran tur(work component an tih awmzia hi labour tha ni turah ka ngai mai. Schedule of Rate leh Analysis of Rates sawifiahnaah a chiang ang)
- Hmanraw hman ngai tur zat man chu sawrkar approved rate ang hman tur a ni.
- Hnathawh nana tha(labour) ngai tur zat chhut lai hian hnathawh tur a tam dan a zirin rate hmanlai anga chhut tur a ni.( volume/quantum of work tih khi ka dah dike maw?)
- Loh theih lohin 1% Labour cess hi tarlan hran tur a ni.(hei hi estimate pum atanga 1% labour cess hi telh nghal niin estimate hnuailamah chiangtaka ziahlan a ni thin) He Cess hi Contractor ten an thehluh tur a ni a, hetiang cess hi a awmloh chuan estimate hi sanction loh tur a ni(tihna niin ka hria??)
- Estimate reng reng ah hmanraw hman tur te,labour tha man tur te(tah hian labour/work component a rawn ti ta chiah a!) leh labour cess 1%,Contractor pek tur te thliar hran fel vek tur a ni a, hei hian sum ziah fel,hnathawh chin hriatna leh hna monitor na-ah a puih rin a ni(ti angah ngai mai ang?)
- Engineer ten engtinnge Estimate an siam thin?
Khing thuchhuah te han en khi chuan thuchhuah siamtu hian estimate siam nana Schedule of Rates (SOR) hman thin hi a la hmu lo tih a rin theih awm e. Engineer zir anih chhan chu hna tlo, chak leh man tlawm designed chhuah a ni, a economic ruih asin. Entirnan, RCC building sak a ni dawn a, a satu/neitu chuan pawisa a ngah bawk a,foundation hlai tak leihnuai thuk tak ah a phum a. Building rih zawng zo em em ban lian pui pui patling pawm dawn dawn te pawh a phun thei, a tha lutuk, a senso erawh a sang viau. Mahse, Engineer te thupui ber hi chu vantlang rinloh deuhin ‘economy’ a ni daih avangin, chu buildinga mi cheng zat tur te, a chhawng zat tur te, bungraw hrang hrang che thei(moveable) leh che thei lo(immoveable) zawng zawng te hresa vekin Building rih zawng tur pumpui chu chhut thin a ni a. Chumin hnuah chu building rih zawng do zo tur foundation chhah zawng leh hlai zawng te chhut chhuah leh niin,ban leh beam lenzawng bakah slab chhah zawng turte mamawh ang chiah an chhut chhuak(designed) thin. Chumi hnuah he building atana senso ngai tur zawng zawng estimate an siam leh a, hei hi ‘Design & estimate’ chu a ni a, Architech ten a mawina tur angin an han cheibawl veleh a, chutiang chuan Engineer te leh Architech te an thawk ho thin(Design siamtu hian estimate hi a siam kher lo thei bawk).
Architech ten In nalh dan tur uluk takin an han plan a, a lem tur a han ziak a, hei hi ‘architechtural drawng’ niin hemi hnu hian foundation, ban, beam leh slab te lendan tur hrang hrang Civil /Structural Engineer ten an designed chhuah hnuah concrete hman tur chawhpawlh dan hrang hrang leh iron rod hman tur lenzawng bakah a hman dan tur(placement pattern) te chiang takin an ziakin an tarlang veleh a, hei hi ‘constructional/ engineering drawing’ a ni ve leh a, ‘Drawing is the language of Engineers’an tih phah reng a ni.
- Estimate siam tur chuan rate tanchhan an nei em?
Mizoram PWD hian Civil Works-Kawng laih/kawng siam hnate leh an kaihhnawih hrang hrang Side Drain etc te, Building Type chi hrang hrang-Shed, Assam Type, Semi-Permanent & Permanent buildings etc atan Scheduled of Rates(S.O.R) an siam thin a, hei hi hetiang lam hna thawk thin department te chuan Estimate siam na rate atan an hmang vek a. He SOR hi sawrkar pawmpui thlap niin thilman san chhoh dan azirin kum 4(li) danah thlir let leh niin sawrkarin tul a tih chuan a upgrade leh thin a ni. He SOR hian tanchhan(based) a nei leh a,chu chu ‘Analysis of Rates’ tih a ni a, he Analysis of Rates ah hian hnathawh tur hrang hrang tana hmanrua leh labour mamawh chhut dan, CPWD Analysis of Rates-2016 Vol-I kaihhruaina hman niin chung hmanrua leh labour rate te erawh chu he rate analysis hmangtu State hrang hrang ten anmahni State rate ang milin an dah mai thin.
He Analysis of Rates an chhut dan hna (item)pakhat Plain Cement Concrte(1:2:4)ah kan luhchilh ang (1 tih hi cement kg 1 tihna niin 2 leh 4 te hi balu leh rawra te kg-zat tihna a ni. PCC 1:2:4 ah chuan cement kg 1,balu kg 2 leh rawra kg 4 niin tunah hi chuan rawra sin ber 20/10mm hmang concrete kan en ang):-
PCC hi metre khata chhah, mere khat hlai leh metre khata zau (1.00mx1.00mx1.00m) = 1 cubic metre(cum) chhun tur a ni.
A. Material (hmanrua /bungrua) mamawh te-
Rawra/ stone aggregate (rawra hi a size a intiat rual vek tur a ni lo angin (i) 20mm a tam ber ang a,(ii) 10mm in a pawlh ang(hmanraw ngai zat hi cum-a dah a ni.
Phurh man/Carriage charge
iii) Coarse Sand (balu sin dip ni loin hraw deuh hraih tihna a ni) hei pawh hi hman zat tur cum-a dah a ni)
Carriage
iv) Cement (hei hi chu tone-a dah niin tonne khat chu 1000 kg niin, a bag ang chuan bag 20 tihna anih chu)
Carriage charge
B. Labour(Finance lamin work component an tih chu niah ngai ila)
Ist Class Mason, Unskilled,semi-skilled( per day a chhut tur niin nikhata hnathawktu ngai zat unit in dah a ni, hei hi labour rate-a puntir mai tur a ni)
Hire charge of Concrete Mixture (per day)
Hire charge of Vibrator (per day)
Sundries (Lumpsum niin kori a tu chiam lo a,engemaw hmaih palh thil tenau man phuhrukna a ni mai awm e)
Tichuan, khing hmanrua leh tha man te khi belh khawm a ni a(Total-1),chutatang chuan Water charge 1%(sum belhkhawm atanga lakin) belh leh a ni a Total-2=Total-1+1% of Total-1)Tichuan, water charge belh tel hnuah CPOH(Contractor’s Profit & Over Head) charge atan 15% belh leh(15% of Total-1) niin PCC,1.00 cubic metre khat chhun man pumpui chu a lo chhuak ta a ni.
[Eg : Total-1 = B(hna hrang hrang thawhna man)
Total-2 = Total-1+1% of Total-1(1% tui man telhin)
Final Total = Total-2 + 15% of Total-2] Hei hi PCC cubic metre khat chhunna man tur chu a ni.
He hna man analysed na hi form work tello a ni a, formwork chuan analysis hran a nei leh tih kan hriat a tha awm e. Formwork ah chuan thingphel man,tha man,perek man te pawh a tel leh ang.
Finance Office Memorundum siam chhan (zeldinna mai?)
a) Sl No 1&2 hi hman hman atanga hman tawh a ni a, Analysis of Rates hi Finance Department hian an la hmu lo tih a chiang, hmu in hria se la chuan he OM siam hi a tul loh zia an hria ang, an hmuh ngaihna tur pawh a vang viau reng a ni. Engineer/Diploma Engineer tam tak pawh estimate siam ngai lo an awm nual,hmu lo an la awm nual ang.
b) Sl No 3 khi an thuchhuah ang khian duhlian tawngin ka dah thiam chiah lo, ka risk vel mai mai. Analysis of Rates kan bihchianna ah khian labour ngaih dan tur chi 3(thum) a tarlang tawh a. Hnathawh tur a tam leh an thawk rei ang a, an thawh hlawh pawh approved labour rate ang a ni ang.
c) Labour cess 1% hi compulsory-a dah tur tih thuchhuak a awm atangin estimate siam apiangin estimate value atanga 1% dah thin hian materials cost a huam ve tlat avangin Labour part chauh atana dah hran zel anih dawn tawh avangin Labour Cess hi a tlahniam raih ang.
d) Labour Cess hi works item hrang hrang atanga Labour Welfare chan tur, Mizoram Building & Other Construction Workers Welfare Board (MBOCWWB) hnena thehluh thin a ni (ka hnathawh ve lai kha chuan Challan siamin keimahni, Department lamin Contractor bill atanga kan deduct kha Treasury ah kan deposit sak thin, tunah engtinnge kal pui anih ka hre ve ta lo?)
e) Tuteemaw sawrkarin Labour contract thawh tir tum ta se, hmanrua erawh midang supply tir tum thung se, material leh labour part thenhran hi a hman tangkai theih viau na ang a, hna lam changtu leh bungraw supply tute an thawh ho that hle a ngai ang (hmanraw supply tuin a supply miau loh chuan labour in eng hna nge an lo thawh teh reng ang ni?) Tin, hna/labour lam changtu khan an hnathawh man (lobour/work component) atang khan labour cess an theh lut ang tih a nih ber awm e.
Tichuan tihian han khar dawn ta ila-Engineers te tan chuan he OM hi Finance Department hian Estimate siam anih dan phung hre loa an lo kal rei zia tihlanna niin a zahthlak lam mah mah kan ti vek awm e. Rate analysis hi Leiverh (Tunneling works)hnaah chuan CPWD ni lo in Central Irrigation Board ten Guidelines hran an nei a, chumi tlawhchhan chuan Rate analysis siam niin item a tam em em a, rate analysed tur a tam thei hle. Chuvangin, P&ED pawh hian SOR hran neiin chu SOR-a rate an hman lo chhu chhuahna ‘Analysis of Rates’ sawrkar approved thlap an nei hrang a ni.
Kalphung awmsa han tih danglam duhna kan neih chuan eng eng nge a nih tih hi zirchian fo a tha awm e. He Office Memorundum lo irh chhuah dan leh a chhan leh vang hi sawrkar sum inrelbawlnaa inremchemna lam hawi emaw quality control tha tak neih theihna tur emaw zawng a tangkaina tur hi kei ka thiam leh hriatna a tlem bawk a, ka ngaihtuah thiam phak lo a ni e.