- Dr. Lalramnghaki, ENT Surgeon, NPPCD, NHM
Nitin hian kan chhehvela thawm ri chi hrang hrang hian min tuam vel reng a, chung thawm lo chhuahna thenkhatte chu kan TV leh phone en te, in chhung khura kan electric bungraw hman te, motor tlan rite an ni a. Heng thawm ri kan sawite hian a na zawng chuan kan ri hriatna lam han nghawng chhe thei khawpa ring chu an ni lem lo. Amaherawhchu, thawm ri reng reng hi a rin lutuk emaw, ring lutuk lem lo pawh rei tak kan ngaihthlak emaw, vawi leh khata a rawn rin thut chuan kan beng ri hriatna atan a pawi thei a, bengngawnna hial a thlen thei thin a ni.
Tun tuma kan sawi tum Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL)- ri bengchheng nghawng bengngawnna hi khawvel mipui tam tak nitin nun leh eizawnna tibuaitu a ni a, ngaihmawh a hun tak zet a ni. America ramah chuan Industrial Revolution (1700-1800s) lai atang daih tawh khan natna pakhat zingah chhiar telin an lo buaipui hle tawh a, factory-ahte leh engine hmang khawla hnathawk thinte zingah a hluar em avangin ‘boilermaker’s disease’ tiin a hming hmasa an lo phuah phah tawh a ni. He bengngawnna, ri bengchheng avanga lo awm hi US mai ni lo khawvel pum huapa natna langsar tak a lo ni chhunzawm chho ta zel a ni.
NOISE-INDUCED HEARING LOSS (NIHL) CHUAN TUTE NGE A TIHBUAI?
Khawvela mihring awm zawng zawng, piang hlim atanga tar, naupang, thalaite leh puitling tu pawh ri hriatna beng nei tawh phawt chuan an dam chhung eng tik hunah pawh he harsatna hi an tawk thei a ni. CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA) in kum 2011-2012 inkara a zir chiannaah chuan puitling kum 70 hnuai lamah mihring maktaduai 40 vel chuan ri bengchheng avangin an beng ri hriatna lamah harsatna an nei niin an sawi. India ramah erawh hetiang taka a bika zir chianna mumal tak erawh a la awm lo thung. Mahse, a tam hle tura ngaih a ni.
NIHL CHU ENG VANG CHIAHA LO AWM NGE A NIH?
NIHL chu a tir lama kan sawi tawh ang khan vawi leh khatah thil ring tak entir nan bomb puak leh silai kah ri kan hriat thut emaw avangte in a thleng thei a, a nih loh chuan rei tak tak thawm (music/khawl ri) kan ngaihthlak chhunzawm char char avang pawhin a thleng thei a ni.
Intihhlimna (Recreational activities) lam bika NIHL thlentir thei chite chu silai nena ram kal te, target shooting te, earphone/headphone hmanga music ngaihthlak te, concert leh puipunna hmuna sound box ring tak tak ngaihthlakte hi a ni. Workshop (furniture / motor) a thawk te, Airport-a thawkte leh khawl hmanga rei tak tak hnathawk thinteah hian a hluar em em bawk a ni.
Ri rinzawng tehna atan hian decibel (dB) kan hmang a, 70 dB hnuai lam chin hi chu rei deuh ngaihthlak pawha pawi lo tur a ngaih a ni. Ri lo chhuahna leh kan awmna inkar (distance) te, kan ngaihthlak rei zawng (time of exposure to sound) te hian nasa takin awmzia a nei bawk a ni.
| Thaw ri (Breathing) | 10 dB | A him tawk a ngaih a ni. (Safe sound level). |
| Sana ri (Ticking watch) | 20 dB | |
| In chhung (Average room noise) | 30 – 50 dB | |
| Ti ti ( Normal conversation) | 60 dB | |
| Office chhung (Average Office Noise) | 70 dB | |
| Vacuum/thlawhna chhung | 80 dB | Rei tak ngaihthlak emaw ngaihthlak ngun tlut tlutin NIHL a thlen thei. |
| Khawpuia motor ri (motor chhung atangin) / Restaurant a music play ri | 85 dB | |
| Ring deuha inbiakna | 90 – 95 dB | |
| Sports khelhna hmun | 95 – 100 dB | |
| Concert-na a music ri / Ambulance siren ri | 120 dB | Thawk leh khatah bengngawn hlenna a thlen thei. |
| Thlawhna ri | 140 dB | |
| Silai puak ri | 140 – 160 dB |
RI BENGCHHENG CHUAN ENGTIN NGE KAN BENGAH NGHAWNG A NEIH ?
Ri ring thut kan ngaihthlak hian bengdar a ti pawp thei a, chu chuan bengngawnna a thlen thei (Temporary hearing loss). Bengdar pawp chu a thawm that leh theih a, amaha rawn insiam tha leh pawh a awm bawk. Beng ri hriatna nerve (hair cells of the inner ear) a tih chhiat tel hlauh erawh chuan permanent hearing loss (tihdam leh theih tawh loh bengngawnna) a thleng thei a ni. A awmzia chu kan ri hriatna enkawltu cell pakhat kha kan taksa hmun danga cell chhiate an insiam tha zung zung ang hian a insiam tha ve thei lova, dam chhung atan a chhe hlen tawh dawn tihna a ni.
Ri bengchheng hian bengngawnna (temporary / permanent) mai bakah hian kan taksaah harsatna dang a thlen thei a, chungte chu ‘Tinnitus’ kan tih, ri rawn chhuahna (source) awm miah si lova kan benga kiu / beng chhe ri lo awm hi a ni a. Kan sawi hmaih hauh loh tur chu kan beng chhung ril ber (inner ear) hian kan taksa balance na khawl hi a enkawl tel a, chu mi chu a lo tihchhiat tel hlauh chuan luhai leh nghet lo riaua inhriatna a thlen tel thei bawk.
NIHL CHU ENG TIN NGE KAN HRIATCHHUAH THEIH ANG?
Mizoramah chuan NPPCD (National Programme for Prevention and Control of Deafness) bultumin District Hospital tinah beng ri hriatna test theitu Audiologist / Audiometric Assistant-te an awm tawh a, anni hi pana beng test tir mai tur a ni.
NIHL LAKAH HIAN A INVEN THEIH EM?
NIHL hi bengngawnna chhan chi hrang hrang zinga ven theih awm chhun a ni.
Kan inven theih dan thenkhatte chu :
- Ri bengchhengin beng a ti ngawng thei tih hriat.
- Bengchhenna hmun a Earplug / Earmuff hman chin.
- A ri rinzawng kan ti zawi thei lo emaw ear plug / ear muff-te kan hmang thei lo a nih chuan, ri lo chhuahna hmun atanga kal hlat mai tur a ni.
- Naupang mahni a la inveng ve thei lote ven sak.
- Kan beng ri hriatna a tha lo deuh ni a kan hriat chuan beng entir vat a, test tir vat tur a ni.