- Prof. Laldinpuia, Centre for Disaster Management, MZU
October ni 13 hi kumtin International Day for Disaster Risk Reduction (IDDRR) atan hman a ni a, thupui hrang hrang thlan thin a ni. United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) chuan kumin thupui atan ‘Resilience starts at home’ tih a thlang a. Chhiatrupna hrang hrang laka kan chenna in himna tur ngaihtuah hi ram himna thleng nghawng pha a ni a. Sorkar, khawtlang leh chhungkua ten mawhphurhna kan nei theuh a, kan hriat hnu tam tak awm mah se, inhrilh nawna inzirtir thar leh nan ni se.
Kan chenna leh khawsakna, hnathawhna hmun him nana sorkar mawhphurna hi a sang hle. Miin chenna leh hnathawhna hmun tur, in sakna tur hmun tur a duhin hmunhma a dil thin. In sak nan pawha hmun la hlauhawm theihna hmunah LSC a pek a, chhiah a lak bawk si chuan, a hmun neitu tan channa a ni thei. Inhmun lo ram in pek dawnin, hmun hma him lo leh tha lo te hi, mipui kuta a luh loh nana invenna dan emaw thu chhuah emaw siam a tul ta viau. Khawpui chhung chauh ni lo, town leh village hrang hrangah in sakna atana hmun himlo a awm a nih chuan, chhiatrupna a thlen loh nan, mipui himna atan dan siam a ngai. Hetiang ang hmun himlo leh tha lo ang chi te chhin chhiahin a tul anga thu chhuah siam hmasak te pawh a tul ngei ang.
Chhiatrupna hrang hrang a lo thlen chang hian, khawpui apiangin an tuar nasa thin. Hemi anih avang hian, Disaster Management (Amendmend) Act 2025-ah chuan State Capital leh khawpui lian, Municipal Corporation awmna hmunah chuan ‘Urban Disaster Management Authority (UDMA)’ awm tawh turin a ti ta a. Hemi kan neih hma pawh hian, Aizawl Municipal Corporation (AMC) leh Lunglei Municipal Council (LMC)-ah te chuan kan ph^k tawk ang, kan himna atan Building Regulations tha tak kan hmang mek a ni. AMC-ah phei chuan, Aizawl khawpui chhunga in sak kaihhnawih avanga leimin a thlen tlem theih nan, hmun hma laih dilna dan tia sawi theih, ‘Site Development & Slope Modification Regulations 2017’ (SD&SM) hman a ni bawk. Heng dante hi mipuiin kan zawm a, sorkar-in a keng kawh that zel chuan khawpui himna atana tangkai tak a ni. Thawktu lam indaih tawk loh avangin Local Council leh Village Council te hi, tun aiin endik kawngah leh hremna pek kawngah te thuneihna pek tam ni ta se, awmzia a nei zawk ang. Town leh village hrang hrangah concrete building hmanga insak kan intih hmuh zel a; in sak dan dik leh tha, him leh tlo tur kan hriat thin loh avangin, hetiang hmuna awmte tana kan zawm ve tur dan emaw inkaihhruaina emaw kan neih ve pawh a tul ta. Chhiatna thlenna hmun zela veng leh thalai te hi che chhuak hmasa an nih avangin, khawtlang hruaitute leh thalai zawkte puala inzirtirna neih fo te hi a tangkai a, sorkar lamin hma a la zel ang; kan thu zir thin anga ke kan pen ve pawh a ngai a ni.
Kan chenna him leh him loh thuah hian mawhphurhna tam tak kan nei. Khawpuia awm ve hrim hrim duh avang te, veng leh khua kan ngainat avangte pawh a ni thei, kan chenna in tur emaw, kan inluah tur emaw hi a hmun hma him tur aiin, a chenna in kha kan ngai pawimawh zawk thin. Rikrum thila lirthei luh theih miah lohna hmun pawh a tam ta a, heng ang hmunah phei chuan chhiatrupna avanga kan tawrh theihna a sang zual a. Hmun awih lutuk leh rem lo, kawr hnai lutuk te, lei chet tawhna hmun leh leivung paihna hmun angte hi kalsan thei ila. Khawpuiah chuan in kan sak dawnin leilung hre mi Geologist kan rawih a ngai a; a tha berah chuan in kan sak dawnah ni lovin, ram kan lei dawnin ruai thin ila, kan senso pawh a tlem ang, a him zawk bawk. Geological Society of Mizoram (GSM) inkhawmpuiin, AMC hnuaia SD&SM dan anga licensed geologist rawih man (base rate) atan Rs. 10,000/- nise tiin a rel a, hei hi kum 2021 atanga hman tan tawh a ni nghe nghe a. In hmun lei kan rilruk deuhna hmun kha endik turin sawm ta ila, hetiang zat hi sen a tul lo maithei; in sakna atana hmun him lo a lo nih phei chuan, nuai tam tak man hu kha engmah lovah a chang thei si a. Kan chenna hmun hma laih leh in sak thuah, mithiam kan ruai anih chuan, an thu i awih ang u.
Leimin tuar thin kan nih avangin, Sorkarin theihtawp chhuahin mipui himna atan SASCI hnuaiah District khawpui hrang hrangah tuiluankawr lian (Storm-drain project) a kalpui mek a. He hmalakna hi kan chenna in leh lo himna atan pawh tha tak a ni; kut thlak mekna te hi duan ang taka thawh a nih leh nih loh pawh, khawtlang hruaitu ten lo thlir thei ila. Chenna in leh lo kan chan tam berna hi tuiluankawr awmlo leh tha lo avanga thleng a ni; kawrpui hnai ber thleng thei ngei turin tuiluankawr lo siam ve te hi mipui mawhphurhna a ni. Sorkar ngaihpawimawh zawng tak a nih avangin, kan chenna in himna atana hetiang kawnga bul kan lo tan a nih phawt chuan, min pui turin a inpeih thin.
Chhiatna thleng tam ber zinga mi, kan ngaihthah thin chu electric current hi a ni awm e. Kan kawlphetha hman leh kan lak luh hi a inmil tur a ni a, kan eng chhit duh tam dan azirin kan connected load pawh tih san a tul ang. Kan eng chhit hi a sang leh hniamin a su fo thin, stabilizer hman ngai tawhlo khawl an tih pawh lei mah ila, kan ramah chuan, hman ngei ngei a ngai. Electric current kal sual laka invenna tur- MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker), etc. vuah ngei ngei tur a ni a; electric fit thei ve aiin, a zir chhuak- a thiam ngei rawih a him bawk. A rawihna atana senso tlem leh ngai lo thlan avangin, a siam thatna atan sum tam zawk sen a tul phah thei si a. Kan tih theih chuan, rooftop solar ang chi hman hi a tha, kawlphetha chhit man a hniam phah.
Kan himna atana pawimawh dang chu plumbing lam leh inthiarna khur hi a ni. Ruahtui dahkhawlna siam tel hi a inchhirawm loh a, tuidawn hman a tul avangin kan in sir vela leimin leh lei kalral tur kan veng pah nghal bawk. El-Nino avangin, kum 2027 ah phei chuan khawkheng thleng tur anga ngaih a ni a, tui khawlna neih that hi a pawimawh khawp mai. Pawn lam sang tak leh remlo hmunah pipe kan kal tir hian, a chhiat thu hlaah siam that ngaih chang a awm, chesual an awm fo. Siam that a ngaih pawha him thei tur anga inruahman lawk a tha. Mi tam zawkin septic tank khur lai lovin a bur kan hmang ta a, hei hi himna atan a tha. Vawk in leh ran vulh in nei ang chi te hi, a thli kalna tha tak kan siam thei anih loh chuan in leh a vel a ti thawleng a, a himlo thin. Assam-type building a kan insak ban te hi a thuk lo tlangpui a, lei kalral avangin a lo pawnlawi viau tawh thei, kan in enfiah fo dawn nia. Ban khur laih leh eng ilo laihna vung, kan in bul hnai maia kan theh thang thin hi a him lo. Kumin fur laia Aizawl khawpuia chhiatna tam tak thleng, mahni in rauhsan phah ngai hial te chu, hetianga kawmthlang lama lei vung lo theh thang, ruahtuiin a lak avanga thleng a ni. Fur lai chuan in bul hnaia kawngko leh awih tlana hnim to te hi ngaimawh lo ila; hetiang ang hmun an tihfai hnua ruahtui a liam chak tak avanga leimin thleng a awm bawk.
Kan chenna in leh a vel te hi chhiatrupna hrang hrang laka a him chuan, kan khawtlang leh ram a him dawn a. Lungrem tha tawk lo leh him lo nia kan hriat te, hnawlin tuiluankawr a hnawh leh thalo, tui relh ru thei te, tui kan lakna pipe leak ang te pawh kan hmuh chuan, kan khawtlang thuneitu te leh sorkar lama kan hotute hi hrilh hre zel thei ila. Social media kan hmang tangkai thiam tawh; hetiang anga hmun him lo leh vantlang tan pawha hlauhawm thei kan hmuh leh hriat chuan, a hmun hma dik tak tarlangin ti darh ta ila. A hun taka hma an lak theih nan, hetiang kawngah pawh hian tan i la thar zel ang u.
Sorkarin dan a keng kawh that avangin lirthei nei ten insurance kan ngai pawimawh ta a; chhiatna hrang hrang avangin, kan in leh lo kan chan thei si a, building insurance te pawh hi i uar zel ang u. Kan chenna in te hi kum 30 chung lam emaw a aia upa lo emaw anih tawh chuan, khawi emaw lai te hi thawm that a ngai thin. Tlem lai deuha concrete in sak ang chi te phei chu a ni leh zual a. A bikin, zirna in leh sorkar in hrang hrangte hi uluk leh chik zawka endik fo a tul ta. A tul ang zelin, chhiatna leh buaina kan tuar hma in i thawm tha ang u. Mithiamten kan ram hi chhiatrupna hrang hrang lakah a him lo ti mah se, chhungkaw tin ten kan himna atana tha kan thawh theuh chuan, an sawi ang chhiatna pawh lo thleng mah se, kan tuar nep thei ang.