- Mahmuaka Chhakchhuak
Chhura, Chhurbura hi a awm tak tak em, tu emaw thawnthu sawi thiam deuhin a sawi a, thil awm tak tak anga ngaih a ni mai zawk em nge amah hi a awm tak tak ni ang. Awm tak tak nisela khawi lam atanga rawn chawr chhuak nge, khawi hmunah nge a hun hnuhnung lam a hman tih zawhna tam takte hi Chhurbura chanchin sawi dawn chuan zawhna awm ngei ngei tur nia lang chu a ni.
Chhurbura chanchin hi kan hriat chian lehzual theihna atan a chunga zawhna awmte hi han chhang hmasa phawt ila a tha ang e. Chhurbura hi a awm tak tak ang tih hi a rin ngam a, an chhungkaw chanchin hi chiang taka sawi theih ni chiah lo mahsela a thlahte hian AD 1700 velah khan Hmar lama lut phei tawh anga sawi a ni. Tin, a fanu Lawileri chu Zahmuaka nupui atan Luseihoin an neihsak a, a fapa Lawia pawh Lawitlangah te a awm tawh a, Lawia nau Lalmichhinga thlah Khawlhringho te pawhin khua leh tlang an nei tih thu Mizo thlahtu lam chanchinah hriat a ni. (1) Chhura fate Lawitlanga leh Lawileri hi thawnthu dangah pawh hmuh tur a awm, (2) Zahmuaka phei chu kum 1573 vela pianga sawi a niin Zadeng, Thangluah, Rivung, Palian, Rokhum leh Thangur ho thlahtua sawi a niin a huhoa Mizorama thlang thla hnuhnung ber nia ngaih a ni bawk. (3) Hetiang a nih takah chuan tu pa thawnthu sawi mai mai emaw chu a ni hauh lo ang tih a rin ngam a, a awm tak tak a ni tih hi a pawm ngam a ni.
A nih leh a awm tak tak a nih chuan khawi lam chhuak nge, khawi apiang nge tih hi ngaihtuah leh a ngai a. Chumi hmunah chuan a piang e tih chian fakna chu hmuh tur awm lo mahsela Lamka lama cheng thin a nih hmel a, Lamkaah hian nupui pawh a neia hriat a ni. Chu a nupui hming chu Dawnchhingvungi a ni a, Lamka atanga Mizoram lama a rawn luh hma hian a nupui hi a then nge tih erawh chu hriat chian a ni lo nain Mizoram a rawn luh hnuah hi chuan Dawnchhingvungi ni loin Thairawnchhingi chu a nupui a ni si. Thairawnchhingi nen chuan fa pahnih an nei a, chung an fa pahnihte chu kan sawi rik tawh Lawithanga leh Lawileri te an ni.(4) Kan sawi tawh angin Chhura fanu Lawileri chu Zahmuaka nupui a ni a, Zahmuaka chu kum 1573 vela piang a nih chuan Chhura chu kum 1540 vel emawa piang a ni mai awm mange tih a rin theih. Tichuan, Chhura thlahte chuan AD 1700 vela Hmar lama an luh phei thu nen pawh chuan a lo inmil chho leh mai thei bawk a.
Kan hriat theuh angin Chhurbura hian Mizoramah hian sulhnu a ngah hle mai a, mimal zawnga sawi phei chuan sulhnu ngah ber a ni hial awm e. Lamka atang chuan Burma ramah chhoin Khampat Bungpui hmun velah khian awmhmun a khuar a. Chuta tang chuan Seipuiah a rawn lut thla a, Seipui atangin thlang rawn tla lehin Beltu, tuna Sailulak an tihah hian eng emaw chen chu a khawsa a ni. Sailulak ram chhunga ‘Mawngping Lui’ awm hi Chhura sulhnua ngaih a ni a, tun hma lamah chuan Mawngping khua pawh a awm ngei nia hriat a ni. Helai hmun hnaiah bawk hian ‘Pawih khai Li’ a awm bawk a, Sailulak atangin Puallawiah a insawn leh a, Puallawi atangin North Vanlaiphaiah, North Vanlaiphai khaw leilet zawl pawh hi Chhura vuak zawla sawi a ni. N. Vanlaiphaiah hian a khawsa rei ang reng viaua sawi a ni a, Pawihte a bum a, a sial a chhuhsakna hmun pawh kha helai hmun hi ni ngeia hriat a ni. N. Vanlaiphai ramah bawk hian ‘Chhura Se-kawi’ an tih lung lian pui pui leh a te deuhte sial bawk khawm ang maia bawk khawm tup hi a awm bawk. Sangau hming lo pianchhuah dan pawh hi Chhura chu N. Vanlaiphai atangin Thingsai Bualpui paltlangin Chhimtuipui a dai kai a, Sangau a thleng a, chulai hmunah chuan Savawm cher deuh mai hi a that a, a cher em avang chuan ‘Sa pawh a ni nek lo e, ngau ang mai alawm, Sangau a nih hi’ a ti a, chuta tang chuan Sangau hming hi he khua chuan an lo pu hlen ta nia sawi a ni.
Sangau atang hian khawthlang lam pan lehin Vartek a thleng a. Vartek tih hi a awmzia chu ‘Vartian’ tihna a ni e an ti. Pawihhoin ‘Chhura, engtik hunah nge i kal chhuah ang?’ tia an zawhna chu hmanhmawh deuhin ‘Vatek, vatek’ a ti a. Chutia Chhura’n rang deuh taka a sawi chu Pawihho chuan an hriat sual a, ‘Vartek’ a tihna emaw an tiin chuta tang chuan Vartek tih chu chulai hmun chuan alo pu ta a ni an ti. Vartek atang chuan Lawngtlaiah a kal leh a, Lawngtlai hming putchhan pawh hi hetiang hian sawi a ni – Lawngtlai ram bulah sawn Chhimtuipui a luang a, chu lui dungah chuan Pawihhoin lawng an lo kar a, an lawng chu Chhura chuan a man sak a, chutia Chhura’n Pawihho lawng a man sak avang chuan Pawih tawngin Lawng man sak chu ‘Lawngtlaih’ tihna a ni a, Chhura lawng manna an ti a ni. Tichuan, tun hnuah hian Lawngtlaih ti tawh loin Lawngtlai an lo ti ta zawk an ti. Lawngtlai atang hian N. Vanlaiphai lamah kir lehin Lungchhuanah, chuta tangin Lungpho leh Vanchengah. Vanchengah hian in leh lo neiin rei fe a cheng a, he khua hi Naa nena an inchhar tanna ni awm a ni. Naa nena lo an inven thleng a, Phungpuinu a manna hmun pawh kha helai hmun hi nia ngaih a ni a, Vancheng ramah hian Phungpuinu fate a rep pawh kha a awm.
Vancheng atangin Puiloah a insawn leh a, Puilo atang hian Senvawnah (Puilo atanga Senvawn hi chu hla tak a ni), Senvawn atang hian Hliappuiah, Hliappuiah hian a thlenin te’n Ai-um an lo hmehpui a, a tawlhthluk avangin Ai-um hming pawh a theihnghilh nghe nghe a nih kha. Chu a tawlh thlukna hmun pawh chu Hliappui ramah hian ala awm an ti a ni. Hliappui atang hian Sialkal tlangdung a zawh chhuak vek a, Hachhek tlangdung a zawh leh a, Ngaihban tlangdung hming put chhan pawh hi – Chhura’n ‘tunah chuan chhim lama ka ngaihte pawh a bang ta rum rum mai’ a lo tihna hmun a nih vang nia sawi a ni. Tichuan, Meitei ramah lutin Lalah an lo sawm a, kum sarih a lal kumah chuan ‘Zaushang’ an hmang a. Zaushang hi Meitei ho kut hmingthang tak a ni a, ni sarih lai awmni khama hman thin a ni.
He Zaushang-ah hian Chhura hoin ‘Nghengtawlah Saiawnah’ an ti a, mualah an insirsawn kual vel a. Chhura nuam ti lutuk chuan ban zai an rel thei ta lo a, zing leh zan chaw vawi tam tak a nghei phah a, Zupui nganbelin an inchhawp reng bawk a, an kutpui a han tiak meuhah chuan Chhura chu mawng tit-ek nuai khawpin a laiah an lo nek hlum der mai a ni awm e.(5) A thihna hmun tak hi Meihlang (Moirang) phai nia sawi a awm bawk.(6) Hei hi Chhurbura mimal chanchin tlangpui chu a ni. Lehkhabu dangah pawh Chhura hi Nghengtawlah thi anga sawi a ni tho mai. A chanchin sawina pakhatah thung chuan Champhai bul Ruantlangah an awm laiin Champhai zawl khi a vaw zawl leh a, a tum dan chuan Vanlaiphai let hnih laia zau vuak zawl a tum a. Nimahsela a vuak zawl zawh hmain a talhtum a vaw bung ta a, a talhtum bung lehlam chuan a chalah a per a, a thihpui ta nia sawi a ni. He a talhtum bung per hi Kawlkulh bul Vankal daiah a awm a, tunah chuan Vankal khawchhungah an dah tawhin keimah ngei pawhin ka hmu tawh nghe nghe. N. Vanlaiphai phei hi chun District Council din hnu thleng khan ‘Chhura Vanlaiphai’ tih a ni a, South Vanlaiphai pawh ‘Phunhnawma Vanlaiphai’ tih a ni reng thin bawk.(7)
Chhura thih chhan Nghengtawl chanchin hi mi tam tak tan chuan hriat loh theih tak tur a nih avangin tlemin han sawi zau leh lawk ila: Phalrai Kut tia sawi a ni bawkin mitinin an neih ang ang Zu leh sa nen mualah an chhuak khawm a, ta bik awm loin hlim takin an tlan za thin. Muallaiah chuan tumah silhfen inbel loin an awm a, mipa leh hmeichhia a kar thlakin an awm a, tlar khat leh tlar dang inhmatawnin an thu tlar put a – ‘Nghengtawlah, sai-awnah, thlengpui khup hnu thal leh thei lo, kei ka tiam dai duk. A che che sih hlawkah’ tiin an insawi dual dual mai a, Zu leh sa ei sen loh mualah chuan an inchhawp reng bawk avang chuan chhun zan zawmin mualah chuan hun an hmang thin. (8)
Le, tunah chuan a thil tawn leh a thawnthu danga thil thlengte hi han thlir leh thuak thuak ila: Nahaia nena hun an hman lai hian puanven an ching tih pawh a hriat theih a, (9) a fanu thih pawhin thlan pukah a rawlh bawk a, hei vang hian Lung ker kuakah mitthi an zalh thin tih pawh a hriat.(10) Heng bakah hian Chhura hian a tukhumah sam a zial ngoh bawk (11) avangin Duhlian chi a mi ngei a ni tih a hriat theih bawk.(12) Duhlian hnamah pawh Chhakchhuak hnam a ni em ni tih turin a nupui a ngam lo thei riau mai bawk a, a nupui khan a vin phar dawrh dawrh mai thin a nih kha. Kan hriat hmaih loh tur chu Nahaia nen hian unau an ni lo a, thian dun an niin Unau ang tak taka in en leh cheng tlang an ni a, Nahaia hi a fing zawkin a hriat nain Chhura hi a a hauh bik lo a, hmangaihna a ngah vangin Nahaia thu hi a awih thin mai zawk niin a lang. Chutianga Nahaia laka a awm chung chuan Nahaia’n Sekibuhchhuak a ruk sak chungchangah erawh Nahaia chungah a thinrim tak tak thung a nih kha.
Kan sawi tawh angin Chhura thawnthu hi thawnthu dang zawng aiin a ngaihnawm bik a, a chhan chu vawiin thleng pawha a sulhnu hmuh tur la awm vangin leh a thlahte pawh sawi theih tur an awm avang hian a thawnthu hi a ngaihnawm bik a ni. Chutih rualin a thawnthu tam tak erawh phuahchawp nia rin theihna tur chhan tam tak a awm thung bawk si a. Entirna atan; Mawngping khaw ho a bum dan leh Pawih sumdawng a bum dan leh Phungpuinu a man dante atang ringawt pawh hian thil tak tak nia rin theih lohna tur a awm deuh bawk si. An nupa inhauhna tawngkam tam takte pawh hi thil awihawm loh tak tak tur a awm bawk. Heng a thawnthu zinga a tak tak nia ngaih theih loh tur awmte avang hian Chhura thawnthu hi pawm loh vek tur tihna erawh a ni hauh chuang lo a, tu pa tawngkam thiam deuhin emaw a phuah belh pawh a ni mai thei a, tu tan pawh fiah theihna tur a awm hauh si loh avang hian a nih ang anga kan pawm ve mai chu a ngai ta a ni ber mai.
Chhura thawnthuahte hian vawiin thlenga zirtir nei thei tur thawnthu tha tak tak a inphum a, tumna a awm chuan kawng a awm chang ni loin hlawhtlinna pawh a awm tih lan fiah theihna tur pawh a awm. Khua tin hraichawi thinlai thawngtu an tih Phungpuinu chu mitinin an hlau a, a unaupa Nahaia ngei pawhin a hlau a nih kha. Nimahsela Chhura chuan hlau ve hauh loin (A ruk chuan alo hlau deuh pawh a ni mai thei a) Phungpuinu chu man tumin thang a kam a, a man ta reng a, mi zawng zawngin an hlauh Phungpuinu chuan Chhura chu a hlau zawk tlat mai a nih kha. He a Phung man lah hi Chhura chuan man fuh inti takin ‘Ka pian ahnu lama Phung ka vawi khat manna, Phungah pawh Phung naran mai ni lo Phung nuthlawi, Phung phuhrut lehnghal. Phung azawnga Phung ber mai, a pachal han ni zawk la ka va ti em’ (13) a tih khum a nih kha. Phungpuinu chuan ‘Tlan lang’ a ti a, Tuthlawh leh Hreipui hmanga intlan a tum chuan Chhura chuan a duh lo zel a, a tawpah a neih chhun leh a duhlai ngawih ngawih ‘Sekibuhchhuak’ chuan a intlan thei ta hram a ni.
Phungpuinu hi ramhuai lam chhungkua ni ngei tura ngaih a ni nain mihring taksa pu ang chuan a awm ve ngei ang a, thing kawrawngah an cheng a, ramsa angin hun an hmang thin ni angin a thawnthuah hian a lang bawk si. Tin, a tawng hman hi pawih tawng a ni lehnghal a, ‘Hawng lang ang maw, lang lo ang maw? Naua lu lu khuai lai chi’ tiin Pawih tawng ngeiin a rawn ti dut dut mai a. Chhura erawh chuan Mizo tawng pangngai takin a chhang tlat thung a. Phung hi ramhuai chhungkua lam nia sawi thin a nih laiin Sap tawnga Goblin hi chuan sam an nei loin a hriat bawk si a, kan thawnthu dangahte hian engtin chiah nge a lan tih erawh ka hre chiah lo a, a hrana la sawi atan khek rih ila a tha ang e. Tin, Sekibuhchhuak pawh hi thil awihawm loh, phuahchawp mai mai kan ti mai dawn nge ni ang a, thil ni ve theiah kan ngai zawk dawn tih pawh hi sawi tur tam tak a awm thei awm e. Thawnthu dangah hian a awm em, engtin nge Sekibuhchhuak hi an lo sawi ve thin tih erawh kei chuan ka sawi mai thei lo a ni.
Chhura thawnthua Mizote khawsak dan thil thenkhatte kan sawi tawh a, mimal leh chhungkua mai bakah khawtlang nun hriat theihna tur pawh a thawnthuah hian hmuh tur a awm. Khawtlang huapa sangha tlangvuak an neih thin thu kan hmu a, Phungpuinu vanga khawtlang huapa hlauthawng taka an awm thu pawh kan hmu. Tin, Bahra khur laih pawh an ching thin tih kan hre thei bawkin an hunlai hian Bel pawh a hlu hle ang tih pawh a rinawm. Mizo mipain nupui ngam loh an duh loh viau laiin Chhura chuan a nupui a ngam lo em em a, nimahsela fing takin a nupui chu zirtir let dan a thiam tlat thung si. A thawnthu reng rengah hian Chhura hi mi a ang taka a lan chang hi a tam viau nain a a tak tak lo tih erawh a hriat theih. Nahaia nena In an inthleng chungchangah ngei pawh Chhura hian Nahaia In hi sak a ngaih tho avangin keima In chu ka la sa leh mai ang tih thinlung nen zawk a thleng pui niin a lang. A duh tak tak chuan Nahaia ngei pawh an sial inthleng tumah a bum duh tho a nih kha.
A nupui mawlh hi Chhura hian thil a zirtir tam narawh e. A nupuiin a sen reng reng hlau ang che a tih chu a takin a dik loh zia a lantir a. Beng vawt apiang mitthi an ni kher lo tih pawh amah ngeiin atakin a lantir a nih kha. Tumkhat phei chu a nupui hnenah ‘I atmu, ka fin kawra ka tuam che avangin alawm thenawm khawvengte paw’n an zah phahna reng che’ (14) a ti hial a nih kha. A thawnthu dang reng rengah pawh Chhura hi an chhungkaw innghahna ber a nih zel bakah hmeichhe zawk tan ngei pawh innghahna tlak a ni zel bawk. Tin, Chhura hi mi zaidam tak leh midang hneh thei tak mi a ni tih a thawnthu hrang hrangah hian kan hmu thei a, Mawngping khaw hoin thah tuma an hual hut hut lai ngei pawhin ro a rel pui thei tlat zel mai. Amah an hlin behna tur chenin a sawipui a, a kawnga hlin chu pi pute sal man dan a ni hleinem a ti a, a hmuiah leh a hnarah a chelh tir thul, mi danglam tak zawng a ni. A tawp lamah erawh lipui chungah bawm tah chhungah khungin an khai a, chutianga an khai chung chuan Pawihte sumdawng chu ala bum leh thei tho a nih kha. A tawpah phei chuan amah mantu Mawngping khaw pa ho chu a bum let tawp a, lipuiah a thih tir vek a nih nghe nghe kha.
Kan sawi hmaih theih miah loh tur chu Chhura hi mahni intodelh tum tlat mi a ni a, midang neiha innghah duh ngai lo chi a ni. Phungpuinu a man tum khan intlanna atan ‘Hreipui khuai tu thei’ leh ‘Tuthlawh hlo thlo thei’ tihte chu Chhura khan alo neih vek thu a sawi a nih kha. Mizoin hnathawhna atana hmanraw dang reng reng pawh Chhura hian a neih vek a rinawm tlat a ni. In lamah pawh thenawmte ban duk duk chi a nih hmel chuang loh a, Thlangra, Em, Kho leh hmanraw dang reng reng pawh a neih vek a rinawm. Chutianga intodelh mi a nih tlat avang chuan alawm Nahaia ngei pawhin Chhura In tha tak chu a awh em em a, a thil neih dangte pawh a awh mai bakah a ruk sak hial a nih kha. Heng bakah hian khawtlang nun ti raltitu Phungpuinu man tur hian a inpe thei tlat hi a at vang chu a ni hauhin a rinawm loh. Mitin hlauh chu a man a, a man mai bakah vawi khat mah thawm nei leh lo turin a siam a, chu chauh la ni loin Sekibuhchhuak a neih phah bawk a nih kha. Nahaia lah chuan Sekibuhchhuak chu a lo awt em em lehnghal a.
Chhura sumdawng mi a nihna pawh hi sawi tur tam tak a awm: Bel a zuar a, Pawvawng (Pawvawng hi eng nge kei chuan ka hre mai thei lo) pawh a zuar a. Vaimim fang khatin Sepui a thleng tih pawh a thawnthuah hian kan hmuh avang hian sumdawnna lamah pawh a mit a del vak lo tih a chiang reng mai.(15) Heng bak pawh hi Chhura chanchinah hian sawi tur ala awm thei ang a, tun atan chuan heti chin hi ni rih mai sela Chhura hi mi ropui leh mi namai lo tak a ni tih a thawnthu hrang hrangahte hian a hriat a, entawn tur tam tak a thawnthuah hian a awm bawk a ni.
- References:
1.Mizote Thlang tlak Thu, C. Chhuanvawra. First Edition 2023, phek 162
2.Chhurbura, R.F. Irishs, Philosopher. First Edition 2006, phek 239
3.Mizo Aidentiti : Tlang Thlirna. L. Keivom. Seminar & Important Papers, Compiled by Tribal Research Institute. Art & Culture Government of Mizoram 2008, phek 1
4.Chhurbura, 308, 309
5.Chhurbura, 308 – 312
6.Zoram Khawvel 2, L. Keivom, Second Edition 1997, Phek 87
7.Chhurbura, 341
8.Chhurbura, 319
9.Chhurbura, 282
10.Chhurbura, 67
11.Chhurbura, 242
12.Mizote Thlang Tlak thu, 135.
13.Chhurbura, 109
14.Chhurbura, 166
15.Chhurbura Thawnthu Chhuizauna – Lalhmangaiha Chawngthu. Thu leh Hla September 2005 Issue, phek 12.