- L. Sailo
Governance tih leh Administration tih hi English thu mal hran, awm ze hran pawh nei a ni chungin, ram kalsiam thilah hian kan ngaih pawlh vang nge, kan hman pawlh nasa thin hlein a lang. Good Governance-te kan sawi zing hle a. Chuta kan mit thla chu, a hun dik taka sawrkar office thlen leh haw-te, a hun chhungah chuan pelhe loa mahni thawhna hmuna taima taka thawhte, hun tiam chhunga quality tha taka hna thawh zawh hman ngei, tihte leh, a pumpuiah chuan ‘sawrkar hnathawh tha’ tihna-ah kan rilru-in a keuh deuh ber niin a lang a. Administration ve thung hi chu, office leh hnathawhna hmun danga inho-khawmna leh inthu-nunna kawng lam hi ni berin kan hria a ang a. Administration thiam kan tih pawh, khauh ber bur zawng aia hna-in a chhiat phah vak loh tawka dul leh zal reih rawiha hna kalpui thiam, a tul hunah chuan a tha lo lai pawh sawi mam thiam tak si hotu angte hi an ni tlangpui berin a hriat bawk.
Hetiang hi, ‘Governance’ tih leh, ‘Administration’ tihte kan hriathiam dan a nih tlangpui laiin, democracy ram kalsiam leh a inkaih-hruaina kawngah chuan a dik lo deuh awm mang e, a tih theih a. Hriat dan a inang lo hlawm mai thei a, mahse ram kalsiam chungchang thil-ahte kan hmang zingin, an awmze kan hriat chian tlan a pawimawh ka ti si a. A hre zawkte cho chhuah nan tal he’ng Governance tih leh Administration tihte hi, an awm zia leh an danglamna ni awma ka hriatte ka’n tarlang dawn teh ang.
Governance leh Administration-te hi, an danglamna tilang thei sawifiahna pakhat chuan, an pahnih hian a thuhmun emaw tih mai awl tak ni mahse, an danglamna chu (1) Governance chu ram dan (laws and policies) a tul anga vawn, vil leh ruahman (Governance is about formulating the laws, policies and acts)-te a tih laiin (2) Administration ve thung chu Governance atanga ram dan (laws and policies) siamte a taka lo kenkawh hna lam (Administration is about implementing the laws and policies enacted by the Governance) hi a ni, a ti bawk a. Dictionary-a a literal meaning nen chuan a dang deuh mai thei. Tin, Governance chu mipui mi thlante’n an thawk (Governance is done by the people’s elected representatives) a tih laiin, Administration chu exam paltlang Officials-te’n an khawih thung (Administration is done by the officials selected through set of exams) a ti bawk a. Heta tang hian, Governance chu kan ram thuneihna hmun thuma then, Legislature, Executive leh Judiciary zinga then khat Legislature lam hna sawina hi a ni a, Administration tih hi chu, a then khat dang Executive lam hna sawina hi a ni, ti ila a dik awm e.
Hemi chin hi sawi zau han tum ta ila. Kan hriat angin kan ram chu, Democratic republic ram a nih angin, mipui rorelna ram a ni a. Mipuiin ro kan rel em ni? Rel e! Eng tin? ‘Mipui rorel’ tih hi ‘Dan rorel’ tihna em ni? A nih chuan, engvangin?
India Independent tirh khan, ram pum mipui aiawha thlante awmna Constituent Assembly hmalakna hnuaiah, kan mi thiamte’n ram chhung hmun hrang hrang atanga Committee-te reports behchhanin kan ram nihphung, ziarang leh inrelbawl zel dan tur an duang lawk a. Hei hi Constituent Assembly-a mipui thlante chuan kum 3 deuh thaw sawi hoa, ngun thluka an zir a, an duh anga a tihdanglamnate siama an sawi ho hnu-ah, kan ram nihphung, ziarang leh inrelbawl zel dan tur atan an pawm a, chu chu Constitution (ram danpui) a lo ni ta a. Tichuan chu Constitution-a ram awm dan tur inziakte chu kan ram nihphung, ziarang leh inrelbawl zel DAN tur a lo nih tak avangin kan ram chu, Lal (Monarch) emaw, khawi lai pawl rorelna hnuai emaw ni loin, DAN RORELNA ram tur a lo ni ta a. Tin, chu ‘ram danpui – Constitution’ pawh, mipui aiawh kalkhawmte hmalakna atang leh an duh anga siam a nih avangin, he DAN RORELNA hi mipui duh dana ‘MIPUI RORELNA‘ a lo ni ta nghal bawk a. Heta tang hian kan ram hi mipuite siam ‘ram dan’ hmanga ‘Mipui rorelna ram’ a ni tih a chiang awm e. Tichuan he ram danpui chhunga ram kalphung leh a ziarang tur baka ram inrelbawl dan tur inziakte pawh chu ‘Mipui rorelna aw’ an lo ni ta a ni.
Tin, he ram danpui vek hian, he danpui enkawl, vil leh ram mamawh mila siam belh / tihdanglam zel hna (Governance tia kan hriat tak) hi, kan ram thuneihna pum hmun thuma then, Legislature, Executive leh Judiciaryte zinga then khat, Legislature (mipuite’n kan aiawha kan mi thlante awmna) lam kutah a dah a. Ti hian kan ram chu, a tirah pawh kan ram nihphung, awm dan tur leh ro inrel zel dan tur pawh, danpui duang lawk hmasa kan nih ang hian, tun hnu-ah zel pawh ram hmalakna tur pawimawh leh lian tham reng rengah, chumi atan dan awm sa hman tur kan neite a nih ngawt loh chuan, DAN siam hmasa zela hma la thin ram kan ni a; ram chhunghmalakna reng reng ‘ram dan’ (mipui rorel) ang zela kal tur a ni si a. Ti hian ‘ram dan’ hi ram kalsiam kawng tinrengah a bul tanna leh a hma tawngtu a nih zel thin avang hian, Legislature lam hi (an hnathawh Governance) avang hian ram hmahruaitu leh a sulsutu bawr an ni kan ti thei awm e.
Amaherawh chu he’ng ram dante lo enkawl a, lo vil leh, a tul anga siam belh, tihdanglamte hi, kan mi thlante hmangin mipui thuneihna a la ni zel kan tih lai hian, kan siam that leh tihdanglam duh lai chu a dan pumpui chhunga a ruhrel lian laite a nih leh nih loh azir zelin a tihdanglam duhtu mipui pawh kan tam a tul lo thei lo a. Keini Mizorama awmte chu India ram pum mipui awm zat ngaihtuahin kan tlem a, ram dan ruhrel lian laite chu keimahni maiin kan tidanglam pha hauh lo ang tih a chiang nghal a. Mahse ram danpui kalh lo leh a mil zawng zel chuan, kan state chhunga keimahni hman tur ‘ram dan’ chu keimahni duh dan milin kan insiam ve thei a. Mahse kan dan siam thar leh a awm sa kan tih danglam a englai mah hian ram danpui thu ken leh a tinzawn eng lai mah a kalh thiang lo thung a ni.
Tunah ADMINISTRATION lam hi lo sawi ve ta thung ila. Legislature hnuaiah ram awm dan tur, a kalphung tur leh a inrel bawl dan tur / a hmathlirte (RAM DAN) chu ramin nei mah ila, hei hi a taka ram kaihhruai nan-a kengkawhtu an awm a ngai a. Chu ‘ram dan’ a taka kenkawh hna chu ‘ADMINISTRATION’ kan tih hi a ni ta thung a ni. Administration hi kan ram danpui hian, kan ram thuneihna pum hmun thuma then, Legislature, Executive leh Judiciary-te zinga a then khat dang, Executive kutah a dah thung a. Executive head hi Governor a ni a. Executive hnuaiah hian inhlawhfa tam tak, mi thiam tak tak thlengin an awm teuh a. Anni hi Executive kutke, a taka Administration hna kengkawhtute an ni a. Mahse Executive-a thuneitu leh anmahni kaihruaitu chu, mipuite thlan mi 40 zing atanga mi 12 thlan chhuah, Chief Minister leh Minister dangte hi an ni. Governor pawh Executive lam thilah chuan anmahni thurawn anga kal a ni a. Executive hna hi kan ram nihphung tur leh kalphung tur baka a ro inrel dan tur, a hma thlirte nen ‘ram dana’ inziakte kha, kengkawha, he rama a tak chan tir hna a nih avangin, ram hausakna sum pawh hmanna hmun a ni a, thawktu pawh a duh hnem reng a ni. Heta thil chiang chu, kan Minister-te’n ‘ram dan’ a taka kengkawh a, ram tan hma an lak leh ram an kaihhruai kawngah, an mimal duh dan emaw, an party duh dan emaw-a kal lo a, mipui rorelna dan (ram dan) ang veka hma an lak a, an hnuaia inhlawhfa sawrkar hnathawk an kilkawina leh an kaihhruaina pawh ram dan ang vek a nih a ngai, tih hi a ni. Chu chu an dinhmun an luah chhan leh an tobul a ni si a. Executive hnuaia administration hna hi ‘ram dan’ ang veka a kal loh chuan, mipui rorelna hian ram leh mipui a thleng pha lo a, kan ram pawh mipui rorelna (Democracy ram) a ni lo tihna a ni. He’ng ram dan (laws)-in a sawi leh a tinzawn chhungah erawh hi chuan kan Ministers-te’n hma thar lak tul an tih emaw, nawr hmasak leh nawr nat an duh lamte, lian zawka hmalak an duh lamte, tih dan thlak an duh lai … etc-te erawh an nei thei teh meuh a ni.
Hei baka hriat atana pawimawh chu, Legislature lam hi an hna chan pual vangin ram kalsiam sulsutu bawr kan han ti na’ngin, kan ram thuneihna kengtu dang Executive leh Judiciary-te ai hian ama hna “Governance’ bikah tih loh chuan a thu bik lo a. A then tin hi anmahni hna chanpual chinah chuan thuneihna tawp nei vek an ni. Entir nan, Executive lamin kum tin State Budget an siam, Legislative Assembly (Legislature lam)-in a lo pass ngai tura Constitution-in a ruahman pawh hi, Legislature lam an thu bik vang lam aiin, he budget anga hmala turin a bul tan nan Dan siam phawt a ngaih vang ni zawkin a lang; Dan siam chu Legislature lam hna a ni si a.
State Budget-ah hian Minister tinte’n an chanpual mawhphurhna hnuaia ram hmasawnna tur hna ruahmanna an neih zawng zawng chu, a sum ngai zat tur nen rawn duang chhuakin Demand an rawn siam theuh a. Chu chu Legislative Assembly-ah, mipuite’n kan aiawha kan mithlante hmangin ram tan a tha kan ti em, a tul kan ti em, a awm kan ti em tihte sawi hoin, Minister tin demand-te chu an lo zirchiang ta a. A tha an tih chuan an pass a, a tha lo an tih chu a tihzui dan tur an rel thei bawk a. Tichuan session tawp lamah, chu’ng ruahmannate chu dan-a siam turin Appropriation Bill an pu lut ta a. Chu chu an pass chuan Appropriation Act (ram dan) a lo ni ta a. Hemi hnu hi chuan, chu Dan (Act) zulzui chuan Minister tin ruahmanna chu, a taka thawha sum pawh hman theih a ni ta chauh thin a ni.
Hetiang tho hian ram dan hma thlir hrang hrang hnuaia Executive lamin a taka an kenkawh tur, kawngpui sial tur emaw, tui lak tur emaw, Legislature lam hman tur Building sak tur pawh ni se, Executive lam hna a ni a, Legislature lam hian thu an va nei lo. Chutiang bawkin, Legislature lamah emaw, Executive lamah emaw, danin a sawi leh a tinzawn chungchangah ngaihdan inang a lo awmin, ram dan thlirna atangin a eng hi nge dik zawk, tih chian ngai awm se la, chu chu Judiciary lam hna a ni ve thung a. Judiciary lam thu remna leh an thu tihtluk chu, Legislature leh Executive lam tan pawh thu tawpa an pawm tur a ni ve bawk.