- Laiu Fachhai
“Hnam Hnufualte leh Indian Socialism” tih thupui hi academic paper ziah tur ni ta sela chuan, political science leh history lama kan mithiamten sawi tur tam tak an nei ang. He article-ah erawh hi chuan a theory lam luh thuk leh sawi zau ka tum lo. Keini anga hnam tenau leh hnufualte tan chuan India anga socialist rama kan awm hi kan vanneizia keima mimal ngaih dan leh hmuh dan mawlmang deuhvin leh tawitein sawi ka tum a ni.
Mi tam tak chuan India hi democracy ziktluak ram niin an ngai a. Hei hi a dik lo. Socialist ram a ni. Nimahsela socialist ziktluak ram ni lovin, socialist secular democracy ram a ni. Constitution Preamble ngeiah India chu “SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC” ram a nihzia chiang takin a inziak a, khawvelin India a hmuh dan leh a hriat danah pawh socialist ram a ni (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_state).
Kan hriat theuh angin, socialism kalphungah chuan ram leilung leh a hausaknate neitu chu mipui an ni a, chutichuan socialism thiltum chu “social and economic equality” a ni. Social equality tih hian hnam tin, tawng tin, sakhua tin leh hmeichhia leh mipa te intluktlanna a kawk a, economic equality chu khawsak rêlbâwlnaa khua leh tui te intluktlanna a ni. Chuvangin mipui neihna, insem rualna, rethei chhanchhuah leh intluktlanna tih te hi socialist kalphunga thumal laimu berte chu an ni awm e. Hemi avang hian socialist ramah chuan mihausa leh mirethei dinhmun inthlau lutuk lo tura ngaih leh beisei a ni a, ram hruaitute pawhin hruaitu an nihna chu an chhungkua leh an vua leh vang te tihausakna atan an hman tur a ni lo.
A chunga kan sawi tak socialism kalphung leh thiltum te khi an tha hle a. Nimahsela tunlai khawvel leh India-in zalenna a hmuh vel lai khan socialism leh sakhaw zalenna awm lohna one-party dictatorial system te chu unau pianpui anga ngaihna a awm tlat avangin, socialist ram nih chu ram duhawm ber leh ram duhthusam ber anga ngaih a ni hran lo. Chutiang a nih si chuan hruaitu hmasate khan eng vangin nge India Constitutionah “socialist” tih hi tel kher a, socialist ram nih kher duh nge an nih ang le? India ram dinhmun enin socialist kalphung leh thiltum tam tak chu tha an ti a, nimahsela sakhaw zalenna awm lohna one-party dictatorial socialist kalphung ni lovin mipui rorelna leh sakhaw zalenna socialist secular democracy kalphung an thlang niin a lang.
Chutichuan Indiaah chuan eng party pawhin sawrkarna siam sela central leh state sawrkarte chuan socialist secular democracy policy kalpuiin India khua leh tui te social and economic intluktlanna an ngai pawimawh hle a, chumi atan chuan ruahmanna thate siamin budget pawh tam tak an dah thin. Hnam te zawk leh hnufual zawkte leh sakhua member tlem zawkte chu khua leh tui dangte dinhmuna an din ve theihna turin an tan quota, reservation, concession leh scholarship, etc te siam sak a ni. Khua leh tui te social welfare ngai pawimawhin damlote leh miretheite tanpuina leh chhawmdawlna program chi hrang hrang a nei a, essential commodities – buhfai, cooking gas, electricity, tui, etc – te subsidy a siam bawk. Chu chauh a ni lo. India hian theihna dang nei (differently-able) leh hmeichhia te humhimna leh an dinhmun chawikanna program te pawh a nei tha hle. Roreltute thlanna thlengah hmeichhia leh hnam te zawk leh sakhua member tlem zawk te tan reservation a awm leh zel a ni.
Heng hamthatna zawng zawng hi socialist democracy ram kan nih avanga kan hmuhte leh kan neihte a ni. Capitalist democracy ziktluak ram ni ta ila, hengtianga hnam hnuhfual, sakhua member tlem leh miretheite tan hamthatnate hi kan hmuh a rinawm lo. Chuvangin keini anga hnam tenau leh hnufualte tan chuan India anga socialist democracy rama kan awm hi kan vannei hle. Chutih rualin spisiala enkawl ngai hnam hnufual tribal nih reng erawh tum lo ila, tuna kan dinhmun hi thansan a, hmalam pan kan tum tur a ni.
Socialism kalphung hi Kristian zirtirna nen pawh a inzui tha hle. Isua kha thlarau chhandamtu a nih rualin tunlai khawvel atanga thlir chuan, a nun, a thiltih leh a zirtirna te ngaituahin social activist dik ber, tha ber leh chak ber a nihna lai a awm. AD kum zabi pakhatnaa din tawh Kristianna chu kum zabi 19-a din socialism aia upa zawk a ni a, chuvangin socialism policy hian Bible leh Kristian zirtirna tam tak a entawn ti ila kan sawi sual em em lo ang, socialism hmuchhuaktu Marx, Lenin, etc te kha Bible leh Kristian zirtirna hremi an nih hlawm avangin.
Kohhran a din tirh laia an khawsak inrelbawl dan kha Kristianna leh socialism inanna langsar ber pakhat chu a ni awm e: “An zîngah tu mah tlachham an awm lo. In emaw, ram emaw nei apiangin an hralh a, a man chu an rawn keng a. Tirhkohte hnênah an hlân a, an châkkhai daih theuhvin an insem thîn” (Tirhkohte 5.34-35). Nimahsela hetianga tih zel chu tlin reng a har a ni ang, monasticism ho tih lohah chuan a hnua kohhrante zingah hetiang ang ema titu hmuh tur an awm tawh lo. Eng pawh ni se, socialism kalphunga kan hmuh mipui neihna, insem rualna, rethei chhanchhuah leh intluktlanna te hi Kristian zirtirna laimu la ding rengte an ni.
Kristian zirtirna leh socialist policy inanna Bible bung leh changte tam tak zingah tlemte tarlang ila: “Leilung leh a chhûnga thil awmte hi Lalpa ta a ni a, khawvêl leh a chhûnga chêngte nên hian” (Sam 24.1 xref Exodus 19.5; Deuteronomy 10.14). “Hnam tin hlima lâwmin au se, hnam tinrêng chungthu chu dik taka rêlsakin, mi tin i kaihruai si thîn a” (Sam 67.4). “Juda leh Jentail, bawih leh bawih lo, mipa leh hmeichhia a awm chuang tawh lo, Isua Kristaah chuan in za-in pumkhat in ni” (Galatia 3.28). “Lalpa, retheite chu i tan thîn tih ka hria, pachhiate tân dik takin ro i rêl thîn” (Sam 140.12). “Mahni tâna sawi thei lo chu sawisak la, baihvaite pawh chhan rawh. Retheite leh pachhiate thu chu dik takin rêlsak thîn ang che” (Thufingte 31.8-9). “Ruai i theh hun chuan pachhia te, piangsual te, kebai te, mitdel te sâwm zâwk ang che; tichuan, malsâwmna i dawng ang, rulh vena tûr che an nei dâwn si lo va; mi felte thawhlehnaah chuan rulh leh i ni dâwn nia” (Luka 14.13-14). “Thil tha tih leh intanpui tawn hi theihnghilh suh u, chu chu Pathian lâwmzâwng inthawina chu a ni” (Hebrai 13.16; etc).
USA President lo ni tawh Harry Truman chuan, “Politician a nih avanga hausa min hmuh tir ula, rûkru ka hmuh tir ang che u” (“Show me a man that gets rich by being a politician, and I’ll show you a crook”) a ti a, eiru lova a chanvo dik tak chauh a dawn chuan politician tan chuan hausak theih a nih lohzia a sawi a ni. A dik hle. Tripura Chief Minister hlui Pu Manik Sarkar kha kum 20 lai Chief Minister lo nih tawh mahse a hausakpui lo (https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/tripura-chief-minister-has-rs-3-930-was-richer-in-2013-reveals-affidavit-1807371).
Kan ram politiciante pawh hian anmahni intihhauhsak tum loin an kaihhruai ram hi ram intodelh nih tir tum zawk a, ram hmasawnna tur leh miretheite dinhmun chawisanna tur programme te an duan tur a ni. Anmahni politiciante leh a ngheta sawrkar hnathawk an ei khawp hlawh te hlawh tipung lovin, an ei kham khawp hlawh loh, ni tin inhlawh kuthnathawktute hlawh leh casual leh contractual workers te hlawh an tipung zawk tur a ni. Kuthnathawktute thil siam, ran vulh leh thlai tharte market an ngaituah sak tur a ni a, sawrkar pawhin lei sakin a zuar chhawng thin tur a ni. Chungte chu socialist democracy rama hruaitute rilru put dan tur leh ram hruai dan tur dik leh tha chu a ni.
Mizorama cheng tam zawkte chu Kristiante kan nih hlawm avangin, India socialist democracy thurin zawmtute chauh ni lovin Christian socialist democracy thurin zawmtute kan ni tih kan hriat reng a tha hle. Kan ram hruaitute pawh Kristian an ni vek a, chuvangin hmathlir tha nei a, rorelna a dik chuan Mizoram hi tu mah tlakchham lo a, social leh economics-a ram mipuite intluktlanna ram ni turin kan siam thei a ni. Chu chu Mizoram anga socialist democracy rama Kristian ram hruaitute leh ramfate rilru put dan tur leh rawngbawl dan tur dik leh tha chu a ni e.