- Mahmuaka Chhakchhuak
Mizoram Political History-a sawi hmaih rual loh thil pakhat awm chu Bawrhsap Macdonald in Ch. Saprawnga a ben thu hi a ni a, keini rual chuan lehkhabu leh rual u zawkte sawina atangin kan hre ve thei chauh a ni mai nain kan hmuh phak lehkhabu hrang hrang leh kan hriat dan te chu a lo in ang chiah lem bawk si loh avangin a dikna tak thlan thiam a har thin hle mai. Hemi hrechiang tur hian A beng reng em? Beng tak tak nisela enge a ben chhan ni ang? Tih leh Huatna vanga beng nge Thahnemngaihna vanga beng a nih? Tih atangte hian han sawifiah dawn teh ang.
MACDONALD SAP HIAN A BENG RENG EM?
Amah Ch. Saprawnga lehkhabu ziak – KA ZIN KAWNG kan chhiar chuan ‘Tichuan Aizawl hotute kohna angin, inthlan zawh veleh Aizawl panin kan chhuak a. Advisory Sub-Committee-a thu theh luh tur Mizo Union hotute lo buatsaih chu thlir hoin ni 16. 4. 1947-a kan thutkhawm lai chuan Bawrhsap chuan Vanthuama nen Police min rawn koh tir ta a. Bangla kawtzawl ka han thleng chu engmah sawi lo chuan min rawn beng ta thut mai a, ka bekah min rawn beng a. Ka tlu tur awn chu a veilamin min rawn beng leh a, ka kuta ka lo inveng leh hram thin chung pawhin ka beng chhung a na em em a, ka lu a hai hle bawk a. ‘Lo kal rawh u’ min ti a, kan zui lai chuan bangla chhungah sawisak min tum ni ngeiin ka ring a, ‘he pa hian min tihhlum duh hial dawn a ang mang e aw’ ka ti rilru a. A duh ang chuan min sawisa mai a ni ang chu tiin kan zui ringawt mai a.
Bangla luh dawn tepah chuan a lo lehhawi thut mai a, min beng leh dawn emaw ka ti a. Thinur em em chuan min han melh leh a. Ka kianga ding Vanthuama lukhum chu a han benthlaksak ve leh ta a. ‘I thiltih avang hian zahna i la tawk ang’ min ti a. Kei chuan ‘Ka pu, engpawh hi Pathian rawn chung zela ka tih vek an ni a. Chumi avang chuan ka chunga lo thleng chu engpawh ka huam ve a ni’ ka ti a. ‘Kal rawh u’ min ti a, kan haw ta a.’ tiin phek 134 – 135 ah kan hmu.
R. Vanlawma lehkhabu – KA RAM LEH KEI ah pawh ‘Saprawng, i thiltih hi i hria em? Mizoram hi dinhmun tha taka in awm ka duh a, British chhuah hnua in hnam a ral mai loh nan rawtna ka siam a, a aia tha zawk emaw a tlukpui emaw tal rawtna siam si loa, rawtna awmchhun siamna tur in va tikhawlo vek mai hi thil tha lo theihtawp a ni a; Mizo thangthar chuan i ruh ro hi i thlan atangin an la rawn phawrh ang a, an hal duh hialin ka ring a ni, lung in tantir tlak i ni a, mahsela ka tantir che chuan i bum theih ho tan chuan lallukhum tluk hial a ni thei dawn si a, lung ina khung tlak pawh i ni lo’ a ti a, a bekah hian a beng chawrh mai a ni, an ti. A kianga awm H. Vanthuama pawhin ‘Keipawh min beng ve e’ a tih avangin a dik ngei niin a lang’ tiin phek 181 ah kan hmu.
Hemi bakah hian R. Vanlawma vek hian a makpa Pastor Rualchhina, US lama awm chu Oct. 10, 2005 ah khan lehkha a zuk thawn a, chutah chuan heti hian a ziak kan hmu leh a ‘Saprawng, Mizo tan thil tha thei ang ber tur tih ka tum a, nangin tihchhiat zel ilo tum a ni maw, Lung ina khung thei che ka ni, mahsela khung tlak pawh i ni lo, ka beng zawk ang che’ a ti a, zak kau zawk khawpin a lo beng a ni’ tiin ZALEN CABIN tih lehkhabu phek 105 naah kan hmu bawk.
Hetiang hian Bawrhsap Macdonald chuan Ch. Saprawnga chu a beng ngei niin kan hmu a, a ben laia a tawngkam erawh R. Vanlawma ziakah hian thui deuh zawka hmuh a ni a, nimahsela hei pawh hi an ti tiin a ziak ringawt mai a, a chiang chiah em tih erawh hriat a ni tawh si loh avangin a rinthu mai a ziak a ni em tih hi zawhna awm thei a ni. Hemi a nih avang hian R. Vanlawma thuziak hi a pawm ngam ang ngem tih hriattheihna turin Pu B. Lalthangliana ziak dan hi han dahchhuak leh ila: ‘‘Mizo Union-a a thawhpui thin hotu hlui pathumte chuan a ziak dan (KA RAM LEH KEI tih lehkhabu sawina) chu pawm harsa an ti deuh a ni ang, nitin chanchinbuah a lo chhuak a, inhmuhkhawmin ziak ve an tum thu an tarlang a.
He thu ka chhiar hnua kan inhmuh leh chuan ka zawt ta ngat a. A ni chuan ‘E. ziak ve rawh se, a tha khawp ang chu. Hnam deuh khan Pu Bawnthanga (B. Poonte, District Research Officer) room-ah Pu Saprawnga nen kan inhmu mial a. Chutah chuan ‘Pu Vanlawm, i lehkhabu ziak thenkhat hi a dik chiah lo deuh lo maw? A thente phei hi chu ziak lan atan a tha dawn emaw ni le? A ti a. Chutah kei chuan, ’Pu Bawn, ka lehkhabu kha bu thum han phawrh la, kan han keu ang a, Pu Rawnga hian dik lo leh tha lo a tih lai chu han sawi sela, Phaisama Pastor dil tling loin ‘Ka taksaa a tling lo lai chu han sawi teh u, ka’n hlep thla hlak hlak teh ang’ a ti ang deuh khan, ka lehkhabua a dik lo lai apiang chu ka’n pawtthla hmiah hmiah teh ang’. Nangin thingpui chawi la, Judge-ah tang bawk ang che,’ ka ti a. Pu Rawnga chuan ka lehkhabu chu a keu a keu a, han sawi mai tur chu a hre si lo a. Keiin ‘Ziak atana tha lote engah nge kan hotute’n in tih thin reng reng a? te ka ti a. Pu Rawnga chuan ‘tunlai ka pum a tha chiah lo a, thingpui pawh ka in lo mai ang e’ a ti a, a haw ta mai a. Tunah an tum thar leh a nih chuan a lawmawm khawp ang chu’ a ti then mai a ni.’’ tiin ZALEN CABIN phek 38 – 39 ah a ziak kan hmu a.
Heti a nih chuan Pu R. Vanlawma hian thu dik tawk lo chu alo ziak chiah lo a ni mai awm mange a tih theih a. Hmaichhana Pu Ch. Saprawnga nen chiang taka an inbiakna thu Pu B. Lalthangliana ziak ang hian kan hmu bawk si avangin thangthar zawkte’n kan pawm dan dan ni mai se.
ENG NGE A BEN CHHAN?
Hei hi a pawimawh hle a, vawiin thleng pawha sawidan in anglo ala awm avangin chhui chian ngai lai tak pawh a ni. L. Keivom hian ‘Engvang nge Macdonald-a hi hetiang em ema Saprawnga chunga a thinrim mai le? Saprawnga pawhin engvanga hetiang taka Macdonald-a hi dodal mai reng a ni? Zofate thatna tur, hun lo la kal zela an inhumhimna leh an dinchhuahna tur kawngpui sial tumtuah an inngai ve ve a, an thu a inhmu si lo a, an inringhlel tawn a, an ki zum an chhuah ve ve a, zahngai duh bik an awm si lo a, an insi ta a ni ber mai. Saprawnga thiltih engkim mai kha mahni mimal tana chakai khawrh tumna vek angin a hmu a, a ter thei lo a ni ber e. Saprawnga ve thung chuan Macdonald-a kha British Empire atana thahnemngai em em tu, Mizoram chu Crown Colony-a dah tuma tan khawhtu leh Mizote chu rah beh reng tumtu ni tlatin a hmu a. Kum sawmruk chhung British rorelna hnuaia Mizoramin hma a sawn dan a enin a lungawi lo em em a, mipui pawh an beidawng tawpkhawk ve tawhin, chhuahna tur a nih phawt chuan thihchilh ngam pawh an awm ve hle tawhin a hria a. A hlauh ber chu Crown Colony-a Mizoram dah a ni. Crown Colony chu lal ngai lal rengna, beh ngai beh rengna ram niin a ngai tlat a. Tin, Macdonald-a thiltih engkim chu a kawng daltu ni thei turin a hmu a, thiahsak ngei a tum a ni’ tiin ZORAM KHAWVEL – 2 Phek 217 ah a ziak a.
KA ZIN KAWNG tih buah hian ‘Hetianga ka chunga a thinur hi ka hre thiam a. Crown Colony-a Zoram dah a tum tlat a. dah tlak a nih lohzia sawi tam ber pawl ka lo ni ve a. A conference hlawhchhamnaah mawh ka phur lian em em a. Amaherawhchu, keini duh loh vanga Crown Colony awm lo ta phei chu kan ni hauh lo a. Kumpinu sorkar bulpui lamah Attlee-a Prime Minister a nih tak avangin Attlee-an thu a sut leh vanga ni daih zawk a. Chutiang thu a awm ang tih Macdonald Sap pawhin hre bik hek lo. Engmah hre lo kan insu chiam mai hlawm lo niin’ tiin Ch. Saprawnga chuan a ziak leh a (phek 135 naah). R. Vanlawma erawh chuan Crown Colony lam sawi loin heti hian a sawi a ‘Sialsukah intawhkhawmna Inrinni April 5, 1947 Good Friday zawhin an nei a. Chutah chuanin Bawrhsapin Bial aiawh thlan tura a buatsaih kha boycott an va rel thlu ta.’ Tiin a ziak a (KA RAM LEH KEI. Phek 180). Hemi boycott an rel thluka vang hian Macdonald hian Ch. Saprawnga hi beng angin a sawi a. Oct. 10, 2005 nia lehkha a thawnnaah hian chiang takin hetiang hian a sawi bawk a, (a pawimawh lai ka han thurchhuak mai ang e) ‘British leh Japan chu an indo tak zel khan Japan chu an tlawm dawn tih a hriat theih tawh lai khan indo zawh hmain Pu Churchill chuan inthlanna a siam ta a. Nimahsela America chuan British chuan India chhuahsan ngei sela a tih avangin Pu Churchill chu a pui duh ta lo a, Pu Atlee-a Party kha a pui ta mai si a, chuvang chuan Churchill chu a tla ta a ni. Mahsela a aiawhtu Atlee chuan Churchill-a rawtna kha tha a tih zawng tak alo ni a, London Parliament-in The Indian Independence Act 1947 September thlaa a han pass pawh khan Chapter 30, 7© ah chuan Lushai Hills (Mizoram) chu Independence ni turin pass a ni ta.
Reife kan han sawi hnu chuan Macdonald chuan ‘Independent ringawt chu in hmu ta a, mahsela kan chhuah hnu hian India chuan sipai chaknain a la let leh mai thei che u a, a sawt vak lo mai thei a. Amaherawhchu, keini Scotland ram leh England kan inzawm dang anga, duh duh huna mahnia indang leh thei tura kan tih ang Scottish Pattern hi an pawm thei a nih chuan a tha ber ang. Chutiang chu tha kan ti ta a, kan hotute pawh chuan an lo remti a, a tukah chuan keipawh ka liamthla ve leh ta a, Assam-in Pakistan zawm lo tura chhan turin India kan zawm ang a, eng hunah pawh kan duh hun hunah Independent ni leh mai turin thu kan zuk thlung ta a, kan hlim haw viau mai.
Pu Macdonald chuan chutia Independent kan lo nih huna kan Constitution tur chu a duang a, Pu Zairema’n Mizo tawngin a dah a. Chu Constitution chu Mizoram Bial aiawhte nemngheh turin Bial inthlan vawi hnihna a siam dawn ta a. Chu chu Pu Ch. Saprawnga’n alo hriat chuan Assam C.M. Bordoloi hnenah a kal a, ‘Assam sorkar hian Mizo Lalte hi an ban phal ta sela, tuna Mizo Union hi a chhe nghal vek ang a, tichuan Assam-ah hian Congress sorkar a ding thei ang a, kei chu Minister-ah min siam ve ta che u’ a ti a. Chutiang ti tur chuan thu an thlung a, tichuan Pu Saprawnga chuan Sialsukah Mizoram Block Officer te ko khawmin Bawrhsapin Bial aiawh thlanna a koh chu boycott turin a sawm ta a. A tuka an lo hawng chu kan Bawrhsap chuan Pu Saprawnga chu a ko ta a, Pu Vanthuama’n a zui a, Bawrhsap In an va thlen chuan a ni chuan ‘Saprawng, Mizo tan thil tha thei ang ber tur tih ka tum a, nangin tihchhiat zel ilo tum a ni maw, Lung Ina khung thei che ka ni a, mahsela khung tlak pawh i ni lo, ka beng zawk ang che’ a ti a, zak kau zawk khawpin a lo beng ta a ni. (ZALEN CABIN. Page. 104 – 105).
He lehkhathawn hi kum 2005 a ziak a ni a, R. Vanlawma hian hun rei tawh tak thil mah nisela huai taka ala ziah ngam chhan hi a hriat chian vang leh thudik ngei nia a hriat vang a nih a rinawm.
HUAT VANGA BENG NGE THAHNEMNGAIHNA VANG ZAWK?
ARH. Macdonald ICS hi kum 1943- 1947 chhung Mizoramah a awmin sulhnu tam tak a nei hman a ni. Pu R. Vanlawma phei chuan America a zuk kal khan an In leh lo te tlawhin a fanu pawh a zuk hmu nghe nghe a. Macdonald Sap kha Bawrhsap kan neih tawh zawng zawng zinga a ngaih ropui ber a ni a, hlauhawm hmel tak ni mahsela nelawm tak leh mi reng reng hi hre tlang nghal ni mai awm leh thu lai zawng mi leh thubuai rem thiam tak angin a ngai a. Thawmhnaw nei manglo te hian a zin chhuakin hmeithai Inahte a thleng a, sa-um te pawh a ei ve mai thin. Kalkawnga pitar phur rit deuh a hmuhte hian amah ngeiin a chhawk thin a, harsatna tawkte hi ama tangka ngeiin a pui fo bawk tiin a sawi (KA RAM LEH KEI. Page 78).
He Scottish pachal Macdonald hi Pu Ch. Saprawnga ngei pawhin ‘a lian si a, a chet dan a thap bawk si a, Bawrhsap zawng zawngah Mizote hlauh ber a kai hial awm e’ tiin a sawi bawk (KA ZIN KAWNG. Page 112). Kum 1945 November thlaah Macdonald Sap hi Lunglei a zin laiin South Lushai High School Association President Ch. Saprawnga chuan High School din dilna lehkha a lo pe a. Nimahsela Bawrhsap chuan ‘He dilna thehluttu Saprawnga hi mizote ‘sap bawih an ni’ tia thu ni lo lo sawi ching mi a ni’ tih thu nen Assam Governor hnenah a thawn thla a. Chumi thuah nasa takin Bawrhsap nen chuan kan inbei a tiin a sawi bawk. Bawrhsap rorum tak mai kan han bitum chho chu pa hian pa kan ngaih vawng vawng ni hi a tam khawp mai tiin a sawi hial bawk a ni (KA ZIN KAWNG. Page 123). Hetiang hian thu neuh neuh chu an nei ngei mai tak nain anmahni kawng ve veah chuan thahnemngai tak leh nasa taka thawk an ni a. Vawi tam tak hmaichhanah an inhmu bawkin Mizoram tan an theihtawp an chhuah ve ve a ni.
Chutih lai chuan Macdonald Sapin Ch. Saprawnga a benna chhan hi thenkhatte chuan an inhuatsa hrim hrim vang a ni an ti ngei ang a, tanhmun pawh thui tak sawi tur an hre thei bawk ang. Amaherawhchu inhuatna lam hawi vanga inbeng erawh an ni chiahin a hriat loh a, thahnemngaihna vanga beng zawk niin a lang. Macdonald Sap hian British Parliament meuhin a pass vek tawh leh India ram hruaitute pawhin an remtih vek tawh hnu leh reiloteah Mizoram chhuahsana an haw tawh dawn bawk si avangin Mizorama Rorel khawl kan neih (Bial aiawh) thlanna neih tum an lo boycott takah chuan thahnemngaihna thinlung sosang insum zawh loh vang zawkin vawihnih lai a beng ta niin a lang.