AMI ELAW?
- Rempuia R. Lutmang
Kan \awngah hian thumal pahnih te, ‘hnih chiah lo te pawh engtin emaw lam piala a rik dan dang ta deuh a awm \hin. Chung a rik dan danga chu \awng tuallenga kan hman dan a ni mai \hin bawk. Hetianga tih hi Mizo chauh ni loin mihring tih dan ve reng niin a lang.
“Che” tih thumal leh “a” tih thumal kan nei. Kan pi leh pute khan an lam liam puat a, thumal pahnih, lam rík hnih kha lam rîk khatah an chhuah a, “chia” a lo ni ta a. Hei hi \awng lêrha chhiar âwm tak a nih laiin Bible-ah meuh pawh an chhawm lut si. Rozama Chawngthu chuan, “‘Che a’ tih lam nuam lo hi hmanah chuan ‘chia’ an ti \hin a, tunah pawh \awng dik a la ni reng tho,” a ti a (Sutpui, “Mizo |awng Danglam Zel Dan Zirchianna”, 168-169). Ni e, a hmangtu mipui, a \awng neitu Mizo ngei khan an hmang tlat a, \awng dik a ni mai ‘ni. Eng hnam dang mahin ‘A dik lo’ an rawn ti thei lo a, a \awng neitute lahin lungsi takin an hmang bawk a, chu chu \awng dik a nihna a ni. Bible loah pawh an hmang nasa a, JFa kha a hma ng uar pawl tak a ni awm e.
Ka ngai che a.
Ka ngai chia.
Ka ko che a.
Ka ko chia.
Ka hrilh che a.
Ka hrilh chia.
“Em” tih leh “ni” tih kan nei leh a. Hmanlai chuan he thumal pahnih hi an lam kim fak fak a ni mai thei; kan hre phak lo, hmanlaiah kan awm lo tlat. Tunlaiah chuan (kan pian hma ata a ni daih ang) a thumal pahnih lam kim fak aiah kan lam pial a, “ami” kan ti ta deuh vek. “Ami” bakah a aia tawi lehchhawng “‘mi” tih te pawh kan hmang bawk.
I lo kal dawn lo em ni?
I lo kal dawn lo ami?
I lo kal dawn lo ‘mi?
A hmaa “che a” tih ‘lam a nuam lo’ tih ang chiah khan “em ni” han tih kim duat hi a nuam lo ve a, “ami” kan ti ta mai a ni, inthuruala ti ta dual kan ni lo, hunin a rawn her chhuahpui ve mai. “Chia” tih \awng dik a nih tluk zet khan “ami” tih pawh hi \awng dik a ni ve bawk.
|awng reng reng hi a thumal lam kima a rik dan tur ang zawng zawng tihrik kim vek hi a \awng neitute lam dan a ni ngai lo a; chutianga titute chu a \awng neitute ni loin an \awng rawn zir chawp, a neitute lam dan hre si lo, \awng pai tih dan a ni deuh zel. Mizo \awng hi lam rik lamah chuan a ri kim pâwl tak a ni mai thei; mahse, eng eng emawa a rik kim leh lutuk chuan kan \awng a pai daih thei.
“Em ni” tih châng chu nei bawk mah ila kan \awngkama “em ni” awmna zawng zawnga “em ni” tih vek ai chuan “ami” tih a fuh zawk \um a tam ta. |awng hi Mathe a nih loh ang bawkin a lam dan pawh a \obul thumal ang diak diaka lam a ni vek kher lo. Chung chu hrethiam loa, chhiarkawp chawh ang lek leka grammar hmanga han chawk ta mai te an awm mahna.
Sap \awngah “want to” tih a awm a, a nazawngah “want to” an tih vek peih lo; a tam zawkah “wanna” an ti daih. “Going to” tih pawh a kima lam châng nei mah se a nazawnga lam kim ziah chu an tih dan a ni lo, “gonna” an ti leh mai. “Ought to” pawh “oughtta”; “kind of” pawh “kinda”; “sort of” pawh “sorta”; a tam ang. Kan sawi tawh ang khan mihring zia ve reng a ni.
Hmanlai chuan “lo” hi lam a hahthlak an ti a nih loh vek pawhin a \hing an ti ve a ni ang, “law” tia lam leh ziah mai an uar hle. Lehkhabu lar deuh hat chinah kha chuan a awm deuh vek mai thei e; “dik law, hre law” tih ang chi hi a la inzep tiarh tuarh zel. Chu chu tun hma lam thil a ni.
Tunlaiah chuan “lo” chu kan lam \ha peih tawh. Chutih laiin “elo” hi kan lam \ha peih lo ve leh thung tlat, “elaw” kan ti ve hlauh. |awng dik tak vek tho a ni zel.
“I hre ve elo?”
“I hre ve elaw?”
“I hre ve ‘law?”
A hmasa ber anga lam khi an awm chuan tunlai mi an ni tawh lo tih an hriat theih. A pahnihna leh a pathumna khi chu tunlaia a \awng neitute \awng lam dan tlawnglawn a ni.
Tun hma chuan ‘ti elo’ ‘ni elo’ tih te pawh hi ‘tia lo’ ‘nia lo’ an ti \hin a, tunlai mi chuan ‘tia law’ ‘nia law’ kan ti ta zawk.
‘Nang i ni elo?’ (a thumal kim)
‘Nang i nia lo?’ (tun hma)
‘Nang i nia law?’ (tun hnu)
A chi dang tam tak a la awm ang a, kei mai chuan ka hre seng lo tawp. Kan han sawi tak kha inthuruala kan tihdanglam tak a ni lo a, hunin a her chhuahpui naran ve mai a ni. Hun a kal a kal ang a, a chi dang pawh a lo la chhuak zel ang. Chu chu \awng lam dan chet danglam dan a ni a, tu ma dan theih a ni lo a, \awng dik lo lah a ni hek lo. A hun laia mite’n a bi kima an lam chian fak fak ngai loh lo lam chiana lo lam kim thlap thlap hi “\awng dikna” lam ni loin “\awng paina” lam hawi a ni a; a \awng hmangtu dik takte tih dan ni loin \awng thiam lo, rawn zir mekte tih tur zawk a ni.
Grammar term kan hman pawhin kan lam pial tâk dana hi grammar hmanga sawi fiah thiam tur a ni a, grammar thiam tak tak chuan chutiang chu an thiam sa zel ang. |awng hi grammar aiin a awm hmasa zawk a, chu \awng inrem fel tak chu grammar hmangin an sawi fiah mai \hin. Mahni ngaih dan leh duh dan anga grammar term rem fel tê tê hnua \awngkam rem dik leh tum chu pa remhre lo pa tâl hah, pa remhre lo thingbul bâwk bei an tih ang deuh khan, hah thlawnna mai a ni.
“Eng \awng pawh ni se, a zir chianna lam grammar hi a hmang mektu, a \awng neitute \awng hman \hin danah a innghat a; mahni mi mal duh dana dân lo zamtute leh a zira zir thiam rualte thutlûknaa innghat a ni lo. (“The grammar of a language is shaped over time by the speakers of that language, not by self-appointed individuals or learned bodies.”—Bas Aarts, Department of English Language and Literature University College London; Oxford Modern English Grammar, 2011.)