- Davis Hriatpuia
Zingkar a ni a, lirthei chu ding leh veiah a tâwt hle a, zawlnei Isaia’n, “Kan za hian berâm angin kan vâk bo va; mahni kawng kawngah kan pêng theuh va,” a tih ang deuh khan anmahni kawng kawngah an peng theuh a. Nia, hei hi zing dar 8 chho vela Zawlkhawpui khawsak phung a ni. Tho tlai ho chuan in hmu hman leh pek lo ang. Zirlai an zirna in lam pana chhuakte chu ka hmu a, thenkhat sikul kal an ni a, a then college kal. Ka thlir reng a, filawsawfar ngaihtuahna ril pui nei angin ka ngaihtuahnate chu inti ril, mi hmuh lo ang hmu, mi ngaihtuah lo ang ngaihtuah bik nih tum takin a ni ka thlir ni. Mahse, mi ngaihtuah hnu vek, an sawi an sawi tawh chu ka ngaihtuah a ni tih ka inhre kur tho.
Heng puanvar sinte hi khawi atanga lo kal nge an nih tiin ka inbia a, heng mite hi zirna in fee sang tak tak, a neituin a pumhmawm, zirtirtu hlawh beitham tak pe si hmuna lut te leh sawrkar zirna in, posting that theihna tura hmelhriat nei thate thawhna hmuna lut te an ni tiin ka inchhang. Chu zirna inah chuan eng nge kan zir chhuah thin? Heng zirlaite hian khawvel tha zawk siam a nih theihna turin engti angin nge an thawh hlawk? An lehkha thiamna khan danglamna a siam em khawiah emaw tal? Heng hi zawhna pawimawh tak a ni.
Kan zirna in hian eng nge min zirtir? Topper nih dan, note by-heart dan, leh sawrkar hna hmuh dan chauh em ni min zirtir? Kan zirna in te hian kan khawtlang dinhmun dik tak min hmuhtir em? Intluktlanna hmuh tur a awm lo em le? Rorelna dik lo te, ram leh khawtlang tha mi tinin an dikna chanvo an hmuh lohte kan hre kur vek si. Mahse, chûng chu tih tak zeta veina a awm lo nge, han do a, han siam that tum zirlai hi an awm ang em tih pawh ngaihtuah ngai tak a ni si a. Tun thlenga kan khawtlangin a dah hniam ve ngawt, heng kawngpui siamtu tur te, in satu tur te, chaw chhun chhumtu tur te leh dinhmun hniam taka ding kan nih chhan hi min zirtir lo a ni teh chek ang chu. Kan zirna in te hian thuawihna min zirtir a, he thuawihna hi tuna kan system-in a mamawh ber a ni. System-in a mamawh ber chu, thuawih taka hna thawk tur, dik lohna hmu mah se ngawi tlat tur, leh an retheihna chu anmahni thiam loh vang emaw ti tlat tur zirlaite hi a ni.
Dan naranin zirna chu thim ata ênga min hruai chhuaktu, mihringte zalenna tura hmanraw pawimawh a ni, tiin kan sawi thin. Mahse, vawiinah chuan zirna hi mihring siam thatna a ni tawh lo. Sumdawnna hlawk, sikul neitute tana sum lak luhna khawl leh mi retheite rah behna hmanraw tha a ni ta.
- Privatization of Education Sawi ang: A Tlak Tlak Vanduaiah
Zep nak emaw, vawiina zirna kan tih hi mihring siam thatna leh finna rûn a ni tawh lo, thluak zawrhna bazar lian takah a chang tawh. Hlawk tum rana private sikulte hian kan khawtlang hi chhungril atangin a ei chhe mek a, a lang lamah mawi takin inchei mah se, a chhung erawh chu ui ruang tawih ang maia uih a ni tawh.
Neoliberalism khelmualah kan lut a, khawvela thaw thei tawh phawt leh ngawi renga lo awm ve mai mai chenin sumdawnna leh hlep zawnna hmanrua ni vek turin kalphung (system) leh tihdan duan saah kan tal nawk nawk a, a lukhâwng pawh sum leh paiah tehkhawng kan siam zel a, zirna chu boruak thianghlim kan hip luh ang maia mipuite tana thil hlu leh chanvo dik tak ni ngei tur a nih laiin he khelmuala mawngvawm ba ang char chara phusate hian chu dikna chanvo mi tinin an neih tur te, hriatna thiang an neihna tur te leh dinhmun tha zawka an din vena tur chu rawva tak leh mawi hnai takin, a dik lo a ni tih pawh hriat hleih theih lohin chhuhsakin an awm ta a ni. Chutiang zelin, zirna in chu dawrah an chantir a ni ta hawt a, zirlaite chu bungruaah. Chuti ang bawkin finna leh thiamna chu pawisaa lei theih thilah an chantir ta a ni. Vawiin kan kawtthler tinah he khelmuala phusa ber ber zinga mite din heng mimal sikul leh coaching centre thenkhatte hi finna pho chhuahna hmun an ni lo, an ip an hnawh puar nana kawtchhuah thar an hawn a ni ber mai.
Mi rethei, ni tin inhlawhfa leh thlan tui nena hringnun hmang loneitu fate ban phak chu sawrkar sikul a ni a, buaithlak nghal em em chu sawrkar sikul han tih a, chhe zawk tura ngaihna rilruah a inthlung fel sa diam hrim hrimte hi a dik hian a dik lo reng reng, phawt mai a! Inelna tualzawlah mi rethei fate chu an keah thir khaidiat vuahsak an ni a, mi hausa fate chu rûm vung tawlailir chak berah chuangin, “Tlan rual rawh u” an ti leh si hi a ni ber. Zirlaite thluak leh an naktuk hun thlengin, dan chimawm siamtuten an rap bet. Hman atangin zirlai naupang zirtirtu ni turin, “A pa hian min campaign pui nasa bawk a, a fanu hi chu zirtirtuah thun ve ang” tih vel hmang mai maiin qualification siam a ni thul. Hman atangin political appointment, duhsak zawng inthunna hmunah tak an chantir a, chumi hmuna zir chhuak zirlaite chu eng teh vak nge an thlen ang? A sur a sa hnuaiah, khuangruahpui pawh do hân thak thakin ka tum nge ruh sa ruh, ti khawpa zirna kalphung siam that tumna tak tak hi a la awm lo chhiava a, mi hnungah kawl ek kan thai kan thai mai zawng a nih hi.
Chuti ang inrelbawlna hnuaiah chuan, vawiina zirlaite hian eng rah nge an chhuah ang a, khawtlangah danglamna an thlen ang em? Anni hian creative thinking, analytical thinking, leh critical thinking te hi an zir chhuakin, an nei em? Chhânna chu tawi tê leh lungchhiatthlak tak a ni – nei lo.
Eng vangin nge an neih loh? Kan zirlai, thalai te hi an mawlin an thluak a chhe bik reng reng lo. He inrelbawlna kalphung hian heng ngaihtuahna hmang thei tur hian a chher chhuak duh lo a ni. Zirlaiten critical thinking neiin thil zawt chik thin ta se, vawiina sawrkar leh khawtlanga mi chungnung, mipui harh chhuah lohna chhawrbawktu mi tha anga langte tan an hlauhawm dawn lutuk. Zirlaiten critical thinking nei se, eng vangin nge mi hausa tlem têin ram sum leh pai zawng zawng an thunun a, a tam zawk kan retheih em em tiin thuneitute an zawt fiah ang a, chu chu roreltute tan chuan a hlauhawm, mipuite harh chhuahna (consciousness) leh inlungrualna a thlen dawn si a. Chu chu heng kalphung pusum tela teltuten an duh loh ber a ni. Chu vang chuan, thuawih taka hna thawk thin, zawhna zawt ngai lo hnathawktu ni turin kan kalphung hian a chher a. Thil by-heart tur tam tak heng puan var sinte hi pek an ni a, an ngaihtuahna zalen chu syllabus leh exam-in a phuar bet. He kalphung tha lo tak vawng nung tlattu (sawrkar chu sawi loha lum ni ta se) chu vawiina kan private zirna inte hi he kalphung hlawkpui inti taka chawm bawk a, hâwp bawktute an ni e.
- Kan Zirna In State hmanrua
Kan zirna kalphung hi eng nge a nih chiah tih kan hriat fiah nan French pa fing Louis Althusser-a Ideological State Apparatuses leh zirna in chungchang hi han sawi fiah tum chhin teh ang: Sawrkar emaw thuneitute emaw hian mipui thunun nan leh an dinhmun tha humhalh nan hriamhrei chi hnih an hmang thin. Pakhat chu tharum leh dan hmanga thununna (Repressive State Apparatus police, sipai, court) a ni a, a pahnihna chu tharum tel lo a, rilru leh ngaih dan thununna (Ideological State Apparatus) a ni. Hemi ISA zingah hian zirna in leh a kalphung (education system) hi a pawimawh berte zing a mi a ni. Pu Althusser-a thlirna tlangah chuan zirna in hi sumdawng hausa leh thuneituten ro an rel chhunzawm zel theih nana an hmanrua (apparatus) pawimawh ber a ni. Zirna in hian a langa mawiah chuan thil pakhat chiah min zirtir. Chu chu eizawnna atana kan mamawh tur thiam thil leh hriatna. Zirlaite chuan chhiar dan te, ziah dan te, belh leh paih te, leh fin thu ril te an zir. Hengte hi hna kan thawh theih nan leh khawtlanga kan tangkai theih nana pawimawh tak a ni. Mahse, hei hi zirna inin a tum ber a ni hauh lo. Heng thiamna min zirtir rual hian, a rûka zirna inin a tum lian zawk leh min zirtir chu nunphung leh khawsak dan tha a ni a. Hei hi thil dang a ni lo, thuneituten ruahmanna an lo siam sa tha taka zawm tur leh, chu kalphung chu dik bera ngaihna rilru put hi a ni.
Zirna in chuan a tum ber chu vawiina meng rei chunga mi rawk thin khawtlang mita mi zahawm leh mi tha anga langte thil siam leh eizawnna hnuaia hnathawktu tur (labour power) chher chhuah a ni. Heng hnathawktu turte hi an hnathawh tur ang zelin sikulah then hran an ni thin. Hnathawktu – manual worker turte, technician turte, engineer turte leh roreltu emaw hotu turte hi zirnaa an thlen chin a inang lo. Heng mite hian an hna tur theuhah awm dan tur an zir tel nghal zel a ni. Entir nan, hnathawk turte chuan thuawih dan, thuneitute thu hnial loa zawm dan, leh an dinhmuna lungawi dan an zir. Hotu ni turte erawh chuan hnathawktute thunun dan leh thu pek dan mawi an zir thung. Heti ang hian zirna in chuan mi tin chu an nih tur ang theuha awm turin a chher a, khawtlanga dinhmun inthliarna chu thil nih dan phung pangngai angin a pawmtir thin.
Zirna in hi a hlauhawmna leh a thawh hlawk em em chhan chu, a langah chuan zirna in tha, leh zirlaiten politik leh tui nu bet butin a chiah piah lohnaa an hma hun atana thiamna an zawnna hmun ang chauha a lan vang a ni. Mahse, zirna in hian zirlaite chu khawtlang mita mi zahawm leh mi tha anga langte ngaihdanah (ruling ideology) a chiah pil mek zawk a ni. Zirtirtute, zirlaibu te, leh sikul kalphung hrim hrim hian ruahman sa ang thlapin an thawk a, vawiina kan kalphung leh tihdan hi a dik ber a, hel loa kan zawm tur a ni tih min zirtir chhuak thin. Chuvangin, mipui nawlpui zirna in atanga zir chhuakte chu sawrkar leh thuneitute laka hel loa, thuawih taka an hnathawh tur theuha bung char char turin an inpeih at thin. Zirna in hi ‘Ideological State Apparatus’ pawimawh tak a nih chhan chu, tharum hmang loa mipuite rilru thununna hmanraw tha ber a nih vang a ni. Hmanlai chuan hnathawh dan hi a hmunah ngei inzirtir thin a ni a, mahse tunlai khawvelah chuan zirna in hmangin hnathawktu turte chu siam an ni ta zawk a ni.
Heng pu Althusser-a thu leh hla thiam ang anga ka’n sawi fiahna atang hian kan zirna in leh a kalphung hi han ngaihtuah zawm teh ang u le, thil ho tê anga kan ngaih thlengin han chik chet chet teh ang u khai.
- Zirna leh Zirna In siam that
Capitalism thlarau bawlhhlawh tak chuan zirlaite hi mimal hlawkna ûm turin a thunun tlat a. College leh university an chhuah hnuah hna an zawng a, sawrkar hna chu inphêk zawnin an inchuh a, an hmuh loh chuan beidawnna ruamah vur sen an zuar. A then sawrkar hna hmu te lahin, mipui rawngbawl leh khawtlang siam that aiin, corrupt system-ah khan lungawi takin an in-baptis nghal mai bawk a, thlâm bang phena Nehru rel an sawi ang chauh an ni bawk si. Hei hi zirna inin min pek chhuah dik tak chu a ni. Mi dangte nena inlaichinna nei tawh lo, mahni hmasialna khawvela chengte chu an ni. A hahthlak lai ber chu khawtlang (society) siam thatu tur ni a kan ngaihte ngei hian siam that chu sawi loh, a chhe lai ber ber thuam mawitute – status quo si ban vengtu rinawmah an tang zawk hlauh hi a ni.
Siam thatna dik tak kan duh a, zirlaite hi ngaihtuahna fim hmanga khawtlang (society)-a danglamna thlentu tura pawimawh pakhat chu kan zirna hi sumdawnna hmunpui a nihna (privatization and commodification) hi tihtawp a ngai ang. Zirna hi mi tin dikna chanvo (right) a ni a, fee man sang chawi theiten a tha tha an chang bik tur a ni lo. Zirna inte hi mipui sum (public funds) atanga tha taka enkawl tur a ni a, mi tin ban leh pan phak zirna tha kan siam tur a ni. Mimal zirna in thuneihna hi titawpin, sawrkar zirna in te hi a tha berah siam a ngai.
Chumi rual chuan syllabus te pawh khawih that a ngai awm e. By-heart system hi vawmbo vang vang a ngai bawk. Mahni thesis pawh ziak thiam lo PhD kan ngah lutuk ang, a buaithlak. Zirna chu khawtlanga dik lohna (social injustice) do lettu tur thluak siamna hmun a ni tur a ni. Zirna chuan mihring chu a dinhmun chhiatzia a hriattir a, chu dinhmun chhia chu a thlak danglam thei a ni tih a hriattir bawk tur a ni.
- Ka ti leh pek thin ang, Gramsci
Italian pa fing Antonio Gramsci-a Organic Intellectual hi han hrut kawi leh zeuh teh ang. Gramsci-a chuan mi thiam hi Traditional Intellectual leh Organic Intellectual, tiin chi hnihin a then. Traditional Intellectual chu mahni hmasialna leh dinhmun tha sa leh kalphung awm sa status quo an tih vawng nung tura hmanraw leklam ber an ni. Anni chu kalphung (system) awm sa thlawptu, anmahni nihna vawn nun nan kalphung dik lo a ni tih an hriat kur pawh an utawk tûr vawn tlat thin.
Mahse, Organic Intellectual chu an thiamna mipuite tana hmang, mi lian ina thu ni lo, mihring, mipuite zingah cheng, mipuite harsatna hmu a, puang chhuak thei leh mipuiten hriatna (consciousness) an neih theihna chawk tho tura mi inpe an ni. Organic intellectual chuan individualism a ralsai a, ‘Ka’ tih aiin ‘kan’ tih nunpuiin, mipuite Pharoa awp behna ata hruai chhuakin tuipui sen a kânpui thin. Anni chuan “He system hi a dik lo,” tih hi mipuite hnenah fiah takin an hrilh ngam a, hmasawnna leh hausakna chu khawtlang mita mi zahawm leh challangte (elite) kutah dah loin, mipui kutah a awm zawk tur a ni tih an thinlung phekah an ziak tlat.
Ni, tuna ka hmuh, heng puanvar sinte hi heti ang mi hi an ni dawn em, tih chu ka inzawt chhunzawm mawlh mawlh a, an nih ngei a ngaihziate thlengin ka ngaihtuah a.