- Dr. Vanlaltanpuia, Govt. Aizawl North College
Mei hian tangkaina tamtak nei mahse chhiatna a thlen hi a tam zawk fe awm e. Kangmei chhuak avanga In leh lo, neih zawng zawng meivapa chantir zat hi kumtin chhiar tham fe an awm ziah a, a tuartu tan chuan a na ngawt in a rinawm. Tin, ramngaw eng emaw zat a kang chhe ziah bawk a, a tuartu kan nih erawh kan in hriatloh avangin nâ tihna chang kan hre lem lo. Kangmei avangin kan In leh lo kan hloh ve kher lo mai thei, mahse ramkang avang hian kan ram tha tak tak erawh kum tinin kan chân duai duai a, kan ram hi a chhia/chereu zel tih erawh kan theihnghilh loh a tha awm e.
Ramngaw leh a kaihhnawih chungchang zirna lama India innghahna Forest Survey of India chuan ramchhung hmun kilkhawr ber thlenga ramngaw dinhmun an zirchianna bu thar ber State of Forest Report 2021 chu January thla, 2022 khan an ti chhuak leh ta a, Mizoram chuan zirchianna bu hmasa, kum 2019 kuma chhuak nen khaikhin in kum hnih chhung lekin ramngaw 186 sq.km lai a hloh hman a ni. North East State dangte pawn an ramngaw neih an hloh nasa hle bawk. India ram pum huapa ramngaw dinhmunin ziaawm lam a pan mek lai leh ramngaw khuh chin a zauh zel laiin Mizoram bikah chuan kum 2005 atang khan zirchianna neih apiangin (Kum khat dan zelah) ramngaw dinhmun a chhe zel tih tarlan a ni.
India ramah hian Fire Season an tih mai, kangmei chhuah duh hun bik a awm a, chu chu November atanga intan in June thla thleng, kumkhata thla 8 ngawt mai a awh a ni. Heng thlaah te hian kangmei chhuah nasat hun bik a awm a, February thlaah hian a la nasa lutuk lo a, March leh April thla hi a nasat hun a ni a, May thla ah chuan kangmei a ziaawm tawh thung. Ruahtui tlak danin kawngro thui takin a su bawk. Fur ruahtui kan dawn hun a tlai emaw a inthlak nasat poh leh kan ram hi kang thei dinhmunah a ding zual thei a ni.
Ram kan nasat hun (peak season) kan thleng chho leh dawn ta reng mai. Sorkar lama thuneitu tepawn thuchhuah mai bakah inzirtirna an kal chhohpui leh nasa tawh a. Heng te hian a tha zawngin awmzia nei se a duhawm tak zet a ni. Kum 2021 April thla tawp lamah Mizoram chhim lam ram a kang vak mai a, Lawngtlai District ah ringawt pawh khaw 16 lai a kang a, Lunglei khawpui pawh kangmei avangin an buai hle tih kan la hre theuh awm e. Tin, Mizoram hmun dangah pawh lian tham lutuk lo in ramkang a thleng nual bawk. Mizoramah a vawikhat nan Helicopter hmanga ram kang thelh a ngai hial a nih kha. Khatiang hun kha kan hma maiah hian thleng leh thei dinhmunah kan ding mek a, lo inven lawk hi sorkar department te kuta dah mai lovin kan zavaia mawhphurhna a ni tih kan hriat a tha awm e.
Mizoram in ruahtui kan hmuh hi a kiam hret hret zel a, kum kalta kum 30 chhunga ruahtui tla enin kum 1991-2000 chhunga ruahtui tla average hi 2541.1 mm a ni a, 2001-2010 chhunga average chu 2493.27 mm ah a kiam thla hret a, 2011-2020 chhunga average chu 2187.84 mm ah a tla thla dawrh bawk (Meteorological Data, Dept. of Economics and Statistics, Govt. of Mizoram). Hei bakah hian ruahtui tlak hun pawh nasa takin a danglam tih hretu kan ni awm e. Ruahtui kiam zel leh ruahtui tlak hun mumal lo hian a hrin chu ramngaw chhe zel leh kangmei chhuak hlauhawm chungchangah kan dinhmun a tichhe zual hle mai a. State of Forest Report 2021 in a tarlan danin Ramngaw dinhmun chhe zel piah lamah ram kang mai thei dinhmuna ding zat tarlangin kan ram hmun zaa thena hmun 2.03 (2.03%) chiah hi kan hlauhawm lo (Less fire prone) a ni a, kan hlauhawm zual bik (Highly fire prone – 18.91%, Very highly fire prone – 49.73%, Extremely fire prone – 26.28%) hi 92.92% lai kan nei a, kan hlauhawm dinhmuna ding tho, mahse tlema ziaawm deuh (Moderately fire prone) hi 3.05% kan nei bawk. Chumi awmzia chu kan ram hmun zaa thena hmun 98 vel (97.97%) lai hi kangmei lakah a him lo hle tihna a ni. Environment and Forest Department, Govt.of Mizoram Statistical Cell in an chhinchhiah dan chuan November 2020 atanga May 2021 chhung khan Mizoram hmun hrang hrangah kangmei chhuak hmun 4486-ah thlengin 141.53 sq.km lai a awh a ni. Heng bakah hian Desertification and Land Degradation Atlas, ISRO in an tih chhuahah chuan kum 2003-05 chhunga zirchianna ah 4.55% ( 958.73 sq.km) chiah ram leilung chhia/chereu (Degraded land) hmuh a ni a, a hnu kum 6 (2011-13) ah a let deuh thaw a tam hmuh niin, 8.89% (1874.53 sq.km) hmuh a ni leh a, 2018-19 ah meuh chuan 13.08% (2758.27 sq.km) lai a tling tawh thung.
Heng sorkar zirchianna dinhmun hrang hrang kan tarlan te hian ramkang nen inzawmna thuk tak an nei a, a ti zualkaitu leh ti ziaawm thei tu chu mihringte kan ni. Ei leh bar kan zawnna kawnga kan hmalakna hrang hrang leh hmasawnna kawng kan zawhte hian ramngaw leh leilung tichhe lo zawnga kalpui hret hret kan zir chhoh angai a, kan ram hi ramro, thâl laia kan hlauhawm em em, fur laia leilung luangral dul dul thei dinhmunah kan siam mek tih hriain mitin ten a hum him tura mawhphurhna kan neih hi kan hriat thar a tha hle awm e. Lo/Leipui hal dawna zawm turte zawm tha in, mei hmanga kuthlei sim bawk ila. Ram chhuahnaa eirawng bawlna mei te ti mit tha in, meizial bung paih hmaa tih hlum vek ching thar zel bawk ila. Ram kang hi amah a lo awm ve tawp ni lovin mihringte avanga awm a nih hriain kan ram humhim tura kawng khat tala ke pen turin kan in sawm a, hei lo hi ram dang kan nei lo a, lu nghahna tur hmun dang pawh kan nei hek lo tih hriain kumin chu ramkang vanga kan ram chhiatbelh tur veng turin insangmar theuh ang u.