- Laiu Fachhai
Saptawnga clan, ethnicity leh race an tih hi Mizo tawngah chuan thliar hrang lem loin “hnam” tiin kan chawhpawlh vekin a lang a (Sailo hnam, Paite hnam, Mizo hnam, Vai hnam, Sap hnam, etc), chuvangin a changah chuan sawi tum a thelh hun a awm thin. Pu J.F. Dailoa pawhin race, ethnic/ethnicity leh clan te hi thliar hrang loin “hnam, chi, thlah” tiin inangkhatin a dah vek a ni. Hemi chungchangah hian kan mithiamten an ziak tawh ngei ang a, he article-ah hian tawi tein han tuihnih leh ila a ningawm lutuk loh ang chu maw.
Khawvel ram hrang hranga clan, ethnicity leh race awm dan tlangpuiah chuan race lian pakhat chhungah ethnic group-te a awm a, ethnic group pakhat chhungah chuan clan-te a awm leh a, clan pakhat chhungah sub-clan leh family te a awm a ni. Mithiamten khawvela race an thenhran dan a inang vek lo a. Race hlawm lian pathum awm anga pawmtute chuan, khawvela race-te hi Mongoloid (Asian), African (hmanlaia Negro an tih) leh Caucasian (Khawthlang/Sap) tiin an then a. Hei hi Bible-in khawvel race intanna a sawi nen a inang hle. Nova fapa pathum zinga Zaphetha thlahte chu Caucasian an ni ang a, Hama thlahte African an ni ang a, Shema thlahte chu Mongoloid (oriental an tih bawk) te hi nih anga ngaih a ni.
Race pakhat hnuaiah chuan sub-race te a awm leh a. Indiaah hian sub-race lian pathum awma sawi a ni: Mongoloid (India hmarchhak hnamte), Caucasian race of Indo-European group (India hmar lama hnamte) leh Dravidian (India chhim lama hnamte). Dravidian te hi India subcontinenta indigenous hnamte anga sawi a ni a, India hmarchhaka Khasi leh Jaintia hnamte hi Mongoloid stocka Mon-Khmer sub-group nia sawi a ni a, Austroasiatic nia sawi a awm bawk. Assama Ahom, Khamti, Phake, Aiton, Khamyang leh Turung te hi Mongoloid stocka Tai (Thai) sub-group nia sawi a ni a, India hmarchhak ethnic group dang zawng hi chu Mongoloid stocka Tibeto-Burman sub-group hnuaiah dah a ni. Hmanlaia Chin-Kuki-Lushai an tih thin Zofate pawh hi Tibeto-Burman group peng nih tura ngaih a ni. Zofate hi a hlawma sawi dawn chuan, Mongoloid stocka Tibeto-Burman sub-race chhunga, sub-race chhawng leh an nih ang a, chumi chhungah chuan ethnic group-te an awm leh a, ethnic group pakhat chungah chuan clan-te an awm leh a ni.
Clan chu thlahtu inang leh inhnaih, Lai tawnga “phun” an tih leh Mara tawnga “pho” an tih hi a kawk a, Zofate khawvelah chuan hei hi family/surname atan an hmang hlawm a ni. Entirnan, Liana Khenglawt, Thanga Khiangte, etc. Clan lian deuhah chuan sub-clan te a awm bawk. Chuvangin clan, ethnicity leh race te thliar hrang lo a, Mizo tawnga “hnam” tia chawhpawlh vek pumpelh theihna tur chuan, clan hi hnam tih nih lovin, Lai tawnga “phun” an tih hi Mizo tawngah seng luta, Khenglawt phun, Khiangte phun, etc tih nih sela, a chiang tha hle ang. Mizo tawng upa-a “saphun” tih hi, he Lai tawnga “phun” atanga rawn kal a ni thei. Ethnicity hi chu Mizo tawnga “chi” tih hian a nihna a kawk tha hle. Clan hrang hrangte khawsak hona khua leh bial te chuan chi (ethnic group) an siam a, chu chi-te chuan hmun tamtakah chuan tawng hran te an neih hlawm a ni. Entirnan Hmar chi, Paite chi, etc. Ralte leh Fanai te hi hmanlaiah chuan chi (ethnic group) an nih ve thin awm e. Tunah erawh chuan phun (clan) angin an awm tawh niin a lang. He kaldan hi zui a nih chuan, Mizo tawnga “hnam” tih hi race leh sub-race sawina atan kan hmang bik tawh dawn a ni. Chutichuan Khiangte phun, Lusei/Duhlian chi, Mizo/Zo/Zofa hnam; Pakhuangte phun, Hmar chi, Mizo/Zo/Zofa hnam, etc tiin a kal ang a, a fiah vek tawh ang. Hnam chu pakhat, Mizo/Zo/Zofa hnam a nih ang a, chu hnam pakhat chhungah chuan chi leh phun te an awm teuh dawn a ni.
Hetianga hman dan hi tlâgnel harsat a nih tawh chuan, Mizo tawnga “hnam” kan tih hi Saptawnga “clan” sawina atan chauh hmang chhunzawm nih sela, “chi” tih hi ethnicity sawina atan hmanga, race leh sub-race hming tur phuah a ngai dawn ta a ni. Mizo tawng thiam leh sociologist leh anthropolist ten an phuah thiam em em ang. Sawihona hawnna atan he article ziaktu hian rawtna han siam ve chhin ila, ngaih loh lam a nih lo ang chu maw. Race/sub-race hi Mizo tawngin “Chihnam” emaw, “Hnamhlawm” emaw, “Hnampui” emaw tih nih sela, a nihna a kawk tha hlein a lang. Chutichuan Khiangte hnam, Lusei/Duhlian chi, Mizo/Zo/Zofa chihnam/hnamhlawm/hnampui; Pakhuangte hnam, Hmar chi, Mizo/Zo/Zofa chihnam/hnamhlawm/hnampui; etc tiin a kal dawn a ni. Zofa chihnam/hnamhlawm/hnampui chhungah chuan tawng hran neih chi-te (ethnic groups) an awm ang a, chi pakhat chhungah chuan hnam-te an awm dawn a ni.
“Tribe/tribal leh nation te khawiah nge i dah?” tia zawhna a awm thei. Tribe/tribal hi hnam leh chi nihna a ni lo. Hmansawnna rahbi (a stage of development) a ni zawk. Entirnan, Mizoram hi ram zalen (independent ram) ni ta sela, tribe/tribal ram a nih tawh lo ang. Nation pangngai a nih tawh zawk ang. Africa ram dinhmunah chuan tribe leh nation te hi thuhmuna ngaih a ni. Indiaah erawh chuan tribe/tribal hi hnam leh chi hnuhfual hming angin a kal tawh tlat a, chuvangin Indiaah chuan tribal nih chu a chhuanawm lo hle. Hmarchhak Mongoloid hnamte hi hnam hnuhfual (tribal) nihna atanga graduate-a Marathi, etc hnamte anga hnam hlun leh hnam pangngai an nih thei. Nimahsela hnam hnuhfual (tribal) hamthatna duhâmna avangin, hnam leh ram hnuhfual (tribal) nih an duh hlawm hmel rih hi maw. Sawi tak angin, “tribal” tih hi India leh hmun thenkhatah chuan hnam leh chi hnuhfual nihna dinhmun a kawk tlat avangin mithiam thenkhatte chuan he term hi hmang tawh loin “ethnic group” tih emaw, “indigenous people” tih emaw tawngkam te an hmang tawh zawk a ni.
Tlipna han sawi leh hram ila. Clan, ethnicity leh race te hi chawhpawlha “hnam” tia dah vek ai chuan, phun, chi, hnam tiin emaw; hnam, chi, chihnam/hnamhlawm/hnampui tiin emaw thliar hranga dah ta ila, a fiah tha hle a rinawm.